The Social Value of Heritage: Balancing the Promotion-Preservation Relationship in the Altamira World Heritage Site, Spain

Versión Post-Print de: Journal Of Destination Marketing & Management, 18, 100499. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2020.100499[Abstract] The designation of World Heritage Sites (WHSs) by UNESCO strengthens the international and national image of heritage destinations in the growing market of cultural tourism. Understanding how different stakeholders interpret the value of cultural heritage is one of the most important assets for balancing the promotion and protection of WHSs. This study draws on the case of the Altamira Prehistoric Cave WHS (Spain), whose preservation is under threat and constant debate. It explores factors determining the social value of heritage, namely: existence, aesthetic, economic, and legacy value. In doing so, this paper contributes to emerging debates on heritage management and tourist destinations. Data were collected using two surveys, one focused on visitors, with a total of 1047 valid surveys, and another on the Spanish population as a WHS host community, with a total of 1000 valid surveys. The analysis of these surveys shows how the existence, aesthetic, economic and legacy value dimensions of cultural heritage can build up brands around WHSs. The social-value dimension of cultural heritage therefore affects the market potential of WHSs, whose market potential is closely related to the education levels of a given society. These findings provide valuable information and insights for academics, destination managers and policy-makers in the debate about the preservation and tourism branding of Altamira. This will allow different stakeholders to identify opportunities to develop synergies between tourism promotion and heritage preservation, to both strengthen the brand image of a WHS and preserve its heritage.This work was supported by MICINN research projects [HAR2013-47889-C3-3-P], [CSO2017-85188-R] and Ramón & Cajal Programme [RYC2018-024025-I]. Data come from the Project on the Social Value of Altamira, led by the Incipit-CSIC, within the framework of the Research Programme for the Preventive Conservation and Access Regime for the Cave of Altamira (2012–2014), funded by the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports. This manuscript has been edited by Guido Jones, currently funded by the Cabildo de Tenerife, under the TFinnova Programme supported by MEDI and FDCAN fund