2 research outputs found
Determination of organophosphate flame retardants in soil and fish using ultrasoundâassisted extraction, solidâphase cleanâup, and liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry
A solidâliquid extraction method in combination with highâperformance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry was developed and optimized for extraction and analysis of organophosphorus flame retardants in soil and fish. Methanol was chosen as the optimum extraction solvent, not only in terms of extraction efficiency, but also for its broader analyte coverage. The subsequent cleanâup by solidâphase extraction is required to eliminate matrix coextractives and reduce matrix effects. Recoveries of the optimized method were 50â121% for soil and 47â123% for biota, both with high precision (RSDs <12% in soil and <23% in biota). The method limits of detection ranged from 0.06 to 0.20 ng/g dry weight and between 0.02 and 0.30 ng/g wet weight for soil and biota samples, respectively. However, samples with a high lipid content produce several problems as solidâphase extraction cartridge clogging that increase variability and analysis time. The method was successfully applied for the determination of organophosphorus flame retardants in soil and fish from L'Albufera Natural Park (Valencia, Spain). Target compounds were detected in all soil and fish samples with values varying from 13.8 to 89.7 ng/g dry weight and from 3.3 to 53.0 ng/g wet weight, respectively.This work has been supported by the Spanish MINECO and the ERDF through the project CGL2015â64454âC2â1âR (ECO2riskâdds) and the University of Valencia through the project UVâINVâAE15â348995. M. Lorenzo was supported by the Foundation âTatiana PĂ©rez de GuzmĂĄn el Buenoâ (predoctoral grant 2014).Peer reviewe