Realization Of Point Planar Elastic Behaviors Using Revolute Joint Serial Mechanisms Having Specified Link Lengths

This paper presents methods for the realization of 2 × 2 translational compliance matrices using serial mechanisms having only revolute joints, each with selectable compliance. The link lengths of the mechanism and the location of the compliant frame relative to the mechanism base are arbitrary but specified. The realizability of a given compliant behavior is investigated, and necessary and sufficient conditions for the realization of a given compliance with a given mechanism are obtained. These realization conditions are interpreted in terms of geometric relationships among the joints. We show that, for an appropriately sized 3R serial mechanism, any single 2 × 2 compliance matrix can be realized by properly choosing the joint compliances and the mechanism configuration. Requirements on mechanism geometry to realize every particle planar elastic behavior at a given location just by changing the mechanism configuration are also identified

Environmental Policy Instruments: Technology Adoption Incentives with Imperfect Compliance

In this paper, we study the incentives to adopt advanced abatement technologies in the presence of imperfect compliance. Surprisingly, incentives to adopt advanced abatement technologies remain intact under emission taxes and pollution abatement subsidies when compared to the perfect compliance scenario. However, under emission standards imperfect compliance increases firms’ incentives to invest under certain assumptions, whereas under an emission permit mechanism investment incentives decrease only if widespread non-compliance induces a (sufficient) reduction in the permit price. Our results are valid for fairly general characteristics of the monitoring and enforcement strategies commonly found in both, theoretical and empirical applications.environmental policy; technology adoption; monitoring; non-compliance

An intelligent hammer: a novel concept for automating nail and pile driving

Some interesting novel ideas on how the compliance needs of manipulators may be met by changing the stiffness of a structure have been presented in a paper by Ang and Andeen [1]. The purpose of the present note is to outline a novel concept for another variable-stiffness mechanism that may be useful in automating the process of driving nails or piles

Compliance as a factor of preserving the reputation of industrial enterprises

When managing reputational risk in an enterprise, trust issues are key. We believe that the mechanism of reputational compliance should be aimed not so much at preventing reputational risk, but at forming trust relationships within business processes. Trust is built primarily on informational openness. Therefore, transparency is considered as one of the principles of good corporate governance

Discretionary policy, strategic complementarity and tax evasion. A strategic analysis of the Italian audit mechanism

Underlying this work is the idea that there is a problem of strategic complementarity of individuals who choose to evade. Complementarity results from the discretionary policies of governments and the strategic implications of the Studi di Settore (Sector Studies), the mechanism used in Italy to evaluate the income (in reality, the turnover) of professional categories and small firms. In the Italian case, policy discretion and the Sector Studies lead to a failure of the coordination mechanism of taxpayers and confer a strong advantage for the coordination mechanism of tax evaders. The outcome is a coordination failure where individuals converge to the least efficient equilibrium from a social perspective.Tax Evasion; Tax Compliance; Audit Selection Mechanism; Complementarity.

Mass Transfer Mechanism in Real Crystals by Pulsed Laser Irradiation

The dynamic processes in the surface layers of metals subjected activity of a pulsing laser irradiation, which destroyed not the crystalline structure in details surveyed. The procedure of calculation of a dislocation density generated in bulk of metal during the relaxation processes and at repeated pulse laser action is presented. The results of evaluations coincide with high accuracy with transmission electron microscopy dates. The dislocation-interstitial mechanism of laser-stimulated mass-transfer in real crystals is presented on the basis of the ideas of the interaction of structure defects in dynamically deforming medium. The good compliance of theoretical and experimental results approves a defining role of the presented mechanism of mass transfer at pulse laser action on metals. The possible implementation this dislocation-interstitial mechanism of mass transfer in metals to other cases of pulsing influences is justifiedComment: 10 pages, 2 figures, Late

Corruption of the Politicized University: Lessons from the Orange Revolution in Ukraine

This paper argues that corruption is used on a systematic basis as a mechanism of direct and indirect administrative control from the state level down to local authorities and administrations of public and private institutions. Informal approval of corrupt activities in exchange for loyalty and compliance with the regime is commonplace in many countries. This paper explains how corrupt regimes maximize their position in terms of loyalty and compliance by using the example of the 2004 presidential elections in Ukraine. It presents mechanisms by which political bureaucracies politicize universities in order to influence students and channel their electoral power during the Orange Revolution in Ukraine.corruption, elections, politicization, students, university, Ukraine

Standardisation of Provenance Systems in Service Oriented Architectures --- White Paper

This White Paper presents provenance in computer systems as a mechanism by which business and e-science can undertake compliance validation and analysis of their past processes. We discuss an open approach that can bring benefits to application owners, IT providers, auditors and reviewers. In order to capitalise on such benefits, we make specific recommendations to move forward a standardisation activity in this domain