28 research outputs found

    On Advantages and Disadvantages in Province-led and Municipality-led Co-constructed Universities----A Research on Reform of Management System in Newly-upgraded Universities

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    摘要:自1999年至今,新建地方本科院校陆续兴办已有十个年头,在其转型发展期间,经历诸多的磨合与蜕变,呈现“昨日之我,非今日之我”之态势。有关新建地方本科院校问题的研究也方兴未艾,其中,管理体制作为制约高等学校发展的重要因素,一直备受高等教育理论研究者和实践者的关注。尤其对于正处在转型发展期的新建地方本科院校而言,管理体制改革问题是一个值得探讨的研究课题。 在探究新建地方本科院校管理体制改革的问题上,本文针对新建地方本科院校在实践办学中,出现“省市共建,以省为主”和“省市共建,以市为主”的两种新型的并存的管理体制,从理论和实践两个层面对两种不同管理体制进行考察比较,分析其对新建地方本科院校发...ABSTRACT: From 1999 till now, the newly-upgraded local universities have been existing for more than ten years. During the course of their transition and development, they have experienced lots of changes, and they demonstrate that they are not what they were yesterday. The research on the problems concerning these newly-upgraded universities is well underway. The management system, as the major ...学位:教育学硕士院系专业:教育研究院_高等教育学学号:X200628001

    论我国大学学术评价制度的变迁与变革

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    大学学术评价制度的变革与创新,既是一个重要的学术课题,又是一个紧迫的实践问题。文章通过回顾我国大学学术评价制度变迁与发展过程,以制度创新理论分析其特征,探讨大学学术评价制度渐进式变革、适当强化诱致性变迁和提供良性制度创新环境等路径。国家社科基金2011年度全国教育科学“十二五”规划项目“大学学术同行评议研究:利益冲突的视角”(编号BIA110079); 教育部2013年度人文社会科学青年基金项目“基于同行专家评议的高校科研经费绩效拨款模式研究”(编号13YJCZH098)的研究成

    Electric-field-induced selective catalysis of single-molecule reaction

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    随着单分子电学检测技术的迅速发展,分子电子学的研究不再局限于分子电子学器件的构筑及其电学性质的测量,而且扩展到单分子尺度化学反应过程的探索。然而目前相关的研究仍然局限于理论计算方面,在单分子尺度上实时监测和调控化学反应的活性和选择性是化学领域的长期目标和挑战。针对这一挑战,洪文晶教授课题组与程俊教授课题组合作,自主研发了精密科学仪器,将单个有机分子定向连接在两个末端尺寸为原子级的电极之间,解决了化学反应中分子取向控制的问题.理论计算结果证实了定向电场可以有效地稳定化学反应的过渡态,从而降低反应能垒。该研究工作在化学化工学院洪文晶教授、程俊教授、能源材料化学协同创新中心(iChEM)刘俊扬副研究员的共同指导下完成,由硕士研究生黄晓艳、iChEM博士研究生唐淳、博士研究生李洁琼以及兰州大学的陈力川博士作为共同第一作者,化学化工学院师佳副教授、陈招斌高级工程师、夏海平教授和田中群教授,萨本栋微纳研究院杨扬副教授、环境与生态学院白敏冬教授以及兰州大学张浩力教授参与了研究工作的讨论并给予指导,博士后乐家波、博士研究生郑珏婷、张佩(已毕业)、李瑞豪、李晓慧也参与了研究工作。Oriented external electric fields (OEEFs) offer a unique chance to tune catalytic selectivity by orienting the alignment of the electric field along the axis of the activated bond for a specific chemical reaction; however, they remain a key experimental challenge. Here, we experimentally and theoretically investigated the OEEF-induced selective catalysis in a two-step cascade reaction of the Diels-Alder addition followed by an aromatization process. Characterized by the mechanically controllable break junction (MCBJ) technique in the nanogap and confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) in bottles, OEEFs are found to selectively catalyze the aromatization reaction by one order of magnitude owing to the alignment of the electric field on the reaction axis. Meanwhile, the Diels-Alder reaction remained unchanged since its reaction axis is orthogonal to the electric fields. This orientation-selective catalytic effect of OEEFs reveals that chemical reactions can be selectively manipulated through the elegant alignment between the electric fields and the reaction axis.This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFA0204902), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21722305, 21703188, 21673195, 21621091, 51733004, 51525303, and 91745103), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2017M622060), and the Young Thousand Talents Project of China. 该工作得到国家自然科学基金委(21722305、21703188、21673195、51733004、51525303、91745103),国家重点研发计划课题(2017YFA0204902),中国博士后面上基金(2017M622060)的资助,以及固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室、醇醚酯化工清洁生产国家工程实验室、能源材料化学协同创新中心的支持

    Construction of Administrative Juridical-person System in Modern Universities

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    我国大学行政法人制度迄今尚未建立,主要存在大学法人性质定位不明、政府行政管理权力和大学行政法人权利边界不清、教育法律调控机制尚未健全等现实境况。现代大学行政法人制度应是现代大学制度建设的重要组成部分,其构建的主要目标是改变大学与政府之间的附属关系,减少政府对大学的不当干预,赋予大学自我管理与负责的权力机制。应以保障学术自由和大学自治权为前提,明确界定我国大学行政法人地位,真正落实大学办学自主权。In China,the system of administrative juridical-person in universities has not been established yet,thus such problems as implicit property of juridical-person,unclear division between governmental administration and juridical right for universities,and imperfection of regulating mechanism in the educational laws still exist.The system of administrative juridical-person in modern universities is an important part of modern university systems,whose target in to alter the subsidiary role of universities to governments,to reduce governmental intervention in universities as well as to empower universities of self-management responsibilities.On the basis of ensuring academic freedom and self-management,the position of administrative juridical-person in universities in China should be made clear so as to implement the autonomy of university management.福建省社会科学规划一般项目“一般地方本科大学科研发展治理研究”(2012B045

    The Urgent Needs of Financial Investment from Local Government for the Development of the Newly-founded Four-year College

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    新建本科院校是我国高等教育的一支不可忽视的生力军。本文通过对新建本科院校发展现状的特点及其发展的物质保证——教育经费的来源分析,认为导致教育经费紧张的因素是多方面的,有外部的和内部的,有直接的又有间接的,解决学校教育经费紧张的对策是形成以地方政府财政投入为主导的办学经费筹措机制,以保障新建本科院校的可持续发展。The newly-founded college is a main force of China′s high education.Based on the analysis of the characteristics and the source of educational fund,this paper holds that there exist different factors for the shortage of fund for high education,external and internal,direct and indirect.It is found that the solution to the problem is the establishment of the local government finance-oriented funding mechanism in order to ensure the sustainable development of the newly-founded college

    Understanding Mr. PAN Mao-yuan’s Prefaces and Postscripts

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    潘懋元先生为学界后辈所作的百篇序跋,不仅是他对作者研究成果的客观评介,也是潘先生德艺双馨的另一种展现。概言之,潘先生在高等教育研究中所展示出的“人“的境界:智者、学人、师长、先驱及求实者。The prefaces and postscripts written by Mr.Pan Mao-yuan for the junior scholars are not only his impersonal evaluations on the authors’ achievements but also the demonstration of his morals and academic research.In a word,Mr.Pan Mao-yuan has presented the humanistic spirit in his research on higher education,i.e.a wise man,a learned man,a tutor,a pioneer and a truth-explorer

    A Probe into the Cultivation of the Postgraduates in Education Economy and Management

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    在明确教育经济与管理硕士研究生培养目标的基础上,阐述教育经济与管理硕士生培养存在的若干问题,分析原因,进一步提出优化培养方案的建议。On the basis of the explication of the aim of cultivating postgraduates in educational economy and management,the pa-per expounds the issues on the cultivation.Then it analyzes the reasons.Lastly,it puts forwards some suggestions to improve the cultivation mode

    平行海上油气田:基于ACP的前期开发方案的设计与评估

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    面向海洋油气田前期开发方案的设计、评估与培训,研究基于 ACP 理论方法的平行海上油气田系统。首先采用建筑信息模型(BIM)技术建立多层次数字模型,基于我国南海多个开发案例创建人工海上油气田系统;其次,在传统 ACP 框架中引入基于案例的推理(CBR)技术,丰富了实际系统与人工系统间交互的方式。基于BIM和CBR所开发的平行海上油气田系统,为海洋油气田前期开发方案的设计评估提供快速、准确的三维可视化支持,为企业提供了智能化工程数据累积平台

    激光产生的C_nSi_m~±、C_nSi_mH~+及其结构分析

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    以掺有稠环芳烃的碳化硅为样品.在自制的仪器上通过激光溅射.产生了碳与硅的二元原子簇离子及由它们再结合一个氢原子的簇离子.从实验记录的正负离子的飞行时间质谱发现,这些族离子的相对信号强度具有奇偶交替变化的规律,并由此探讨了它们的价键结构

    一种多孔二维过渡金属碳化物及其制备方法

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    本发明提供了一种多孔二维过渡金属碳化物,通过在MXenes材料中设置孔洞,有利于提高MXenes材料的比表面积,以及MXenes材料的吸附和传输粒子的能力,在电子学、储能等领域具有良好的应用前景。另外,本发明采用在M位掺杂Cr元素的MAX相固溶体材料作为前驱体,通过选择性刻蚀,在Al原子从MAX相固溶体中刻蚀脱出形成MXenes片层结构的同时将至少部分Cr原子也从MAX相固溶体中刻蚀脱出的方法形成孔洞结构,该方法简单易行,一步制得具有孔洞结构的MXenes片层材料,并且孔洞的数目与孔径能够通过刻蚀时间、Cr元素的掺杂量而调控
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