海岛生态脆弱性驱动机制及对策措施初探——以平潭岛为例

海岛是海洋生态系统的重要组成部分,处于海陆相互作用的动力敏感地带,生态环境较为脆弱。本文以福建平潭岛为例,对海岛生态环境脆弱性的表现进行了阐述,分析了海岛生态脆弱性的驱动机制,并提出了平潭岛开发利用和生态环境良性发展的对策措施,以实现资源环境与社会经济的可持续发展。国家海洋局第三海洋研究所基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目;项目编号:海三科200904

A preliminary study on the induction of spawning by sex pheromones in Bostrichthys sinensis

在陶瓷人工产卵管道内吊挂性外激素的研究表明,卵巢提取液对雄鱼的吸引作用大于雌鱼,而精巢和贮精囊提取液对雌鱼的吸引作用则大于雄鱼,17α-P、17α,20β-P和PGE2对雌鱼和雄鱼均具有相似的吸引作用。雌鱼在管道内的产卵次数、产卵量以及成熟卵的受精率均与产卵管道内吊挂的性外激素种类有关,17α,20β-P和PGE2两个实验组产卵次数最多,其中PGE2实验组的产卵量和受精率最高。17α-P在贮精囊和精巢提取液中的含量显著高于卵巢提取液(P精巢提取液>卵巢提取液。卵巢提取液刺激雄鱼所引起的平均EOG高于雌鱼,而精巢和贮精囊提取液刺激雌鱼所引起的平均EOG高于雄鱼,雌鱼和雄鱼对17α-P、17α,20β-P、PGE2和PGF2α刺激所产生的平均EOG,以PGE2为最高。The results obtained from fixing sex pheromones to the inside surface of the artificial ceramic spawning nests showed that ovarian extract attracted more males than females to enter the nests, while testis extract and seminal vesicle extract attracted more females than males. 17α-P, 17α, 20β-P and PGE_2 were equally effective in attracting both females and males. Spawning frequencies and the spawned egg number of females as well as fertilization rates were related to different kinds of sex pheromones. The most spawning frequencies were found in both 17α, 20β-P and PGE_2 treated groups. The greatest spawned egg number and the highest fertilization rate were observed in PGE_2 group. The levels of 17α-P in seminal vesicle extract and testis extract were significantly higher (Ptestis extract>ovarian extract. The mean EOG, stimulated by ovarian extract, was higher in males than in females, whereas the mean EOGs, stimulated by testis or seminal vesicle extract, were higher in females than in males. The mean highest EOG of both females and males in response to 17α-P,17α, 20β-P,PGE_2 and PGF_(2α) was observed in PGE_2 group.国家自然科学基金资助项目(40276040

用DDES方法对凹腔火焰稳定的研究

本文采用数值模拟的方法对超燃冲压发动机凹腔的稳焰进行研究。采用DDES(DelayedDetached –Eddy Simulation)湍流模型和有限速率化学反应来模拟来流Ma 数为2.5 的超燃冲压发动机凹腔内的稳焰过程。数值结果展示了凹腔内燃烧的过程，本文基于此将探讨凹腔内的稳焰机制以及凹腔内燃烧状态下激波和剪切层的相互作用

Research and Realization on the Distributed Manufacturing Project Management

在分析分布式制造特点的基础上,给出了分布式制造项目管理的内涵,从整个分布式制造的全生命周期出发,建立了分布式制造项目管理的层次模型,提出了项目管理定义层、计划调度层、执行监控层和信息基础层的参考框架,给出了一种基于Web组件的分布式制造项目管理体系结构与实现原型

Selection the Calli Lines of High PAP Production from Phylacca america and Research in the Resistence of PAP to TMV

商陆抗病毒蛋白(PAP)是一种广谱的植物抗病毒蛋白.本试验以商陆叶片为外植体,在附加0.5 mg/L 2,4-D(2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸)和0.5 mg/L 6-BA(6-苄氨基嘌呤)的MS培养基上诱导愈伤组织,通过继代筛选培养获得3个稳定的愈伤组织株系:黄色系(Y-型)、粉色系(P-型)、红色系(R-型),不同株系具有不同的生长特性.Northern杂交结果证明不同株系中PAP基因转录水平有明显差异.离体烟草叶片摩擦接种实验表明,不同株系的蛋白提取液对TMV均具有显著抗性,其中黄色株系具有较明显的优势.商陆离体愈伤组织的研究为生产安全、高效的植物源抗病毒制剂提供了一定基础.PAP is a kind of broadspectrum antivirus protein.A callus induction system was developed for Phytolacca americana on MS medium supplement with 0.5 mg/L 2,4-D and 0.5 mg/L 6-BA.Three stable types specialized in morphology,color,and growth characteristics were obtained after 2-years subculture and selection: type Y was yellow-green and compact,and grew relatively slow.Type P was white pink and watery.Type R was dark red and crisp,and grew fastest.The results Northern blot also revealed the different transcription level of PAP gene in different lines.Disease challenge test of detached tobacco leaves with TMV showed that the resistance was dramatically enhanced when TMV treated by protein of different calli lines,especially type Y.The result implicated that callus culture of Phylacca america in vitro had a potential application in the production of the safe,efficiency plant viral inhibitor

用RANS 方法对凹腔支板组合的三维模拟

本文用RANS 方法在本实验室设计超燃冲压发动机模型上对一种新型凹腔支板组合进行模拟。讨论了该凹腔支板组合下冷流和燃烧对湍流流场的影响，并比较了不同喷孔和支板的相对位置得对燃烧的影响。结果表明，无燃烧流场三维效应明显，有燃烧流场燃料效率较高，但未实现凹腔支板组合的匹配，若燃料的注入与支板凹腔稳焰组合达到较好的匹配，有利于控制燃烧室内释热分布