B and D physics from the Tevatron

The CDF and D0 experiments at the Tevatron $p\bar{p}$ collider established that extensive and detailed exploration of the b-quark dynamics is possible in hadron collisions, with results competitive and supplementary to B-factories. In this paper we review the current state of Tevatron's heavy flavor measurements considering two main categories: searches for non standard model physics (results on rare decays and CP-violation) and determinations of standard model parameters (annihilation in $B \to h^+ h^-$ decays and $\gamma$ angle measurement through $B\to DK$ modes)

CKM physics at CDF

A precise knowledge of the CKM matrix elements is one of the primary goals of the CDF experiment. The Tevatron collider at Fermilab, operating at s = 1.96 , collected 1 f b −1 of data corresponding to a huge b b ¯ sample. In this paper the recent measurements performed in the CKM sector will be presented

Recent results on the Unitarity Triangle from Tevatron

I report on the recent results of Tevatron experiments on the Unitarity Triangle. In particular the measurements of the direct CP asymmetry (ACP ) and of the double ratio of CP-even (D → K−K+ or π−π+) to flavor (D → K−π+) eigenstate branching fraction (RCP) in the B → DK decays, that can be used to improve the determination of the CKM angle γ, and the search for new physics in the CP-violating Bs phase βs using the B0s → J/ψφ decay

Brunetto Latini, Tresor.

Nuova edizione critica del testo antico-francese, con traduzione e commento. Sergio vatteroni ha curato e tradotto il libro terz

Aquaporins in health and disease: An overview focusing on the gut of different species

Aquaporins (AQPs) play a pivotal role in gut homeostasis since their distribution and function is modulated both in physiological and in pathophysiological conditions. The transport of water and solutes through gut epithelia is essential for osmoregulation and digestive and absorptive functions. This passage is regulated by different AQP isoforms and characterized by their peculiar distribution in the gastrointestinal tract. To date, AQP localization has been identified in the gut and associated organs of several mammalian species by different techniques (immunohistochemical, western blotting, and RT-PCR). The present review describes the modulation of AQP expression, distribution, and function in gut pathophysiology. At the same time, the comparative description of AQP in animal species sheds light on the full range of AQP functions and the screening of their activity as transport modulators, diagnostic biomarkers, and drug targets. Moreover, the phenotype of knockout mice for several AQPs and their compensatory role and the use of specific AQP inhibitors have been also reviewed. The reported data could be useful to design future research in both basic and clinical fields

Urocortins in the mammalian endocrine system

Urocortins (Ucns), peptides belonging to the corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) family, are classified into Ucn1, Ucn2, and Ucn3. They are involved in regulating several body functions by binding to two G protein-coupled recep- tors: receptor type 1 (CRHR1) and type 2 (CRHR2). In this review, we provide a historical overview of research on Ucns and their receptors in the mammalian endocrine system. Although the literature on the topic is limited, we focused our attention particularly on the main role of Ucns and their receptors in regulating the hypothalamic–pituitary–adre- nal and thyroid axes, reproductive organs, pancreas, gastrointestinal tract, and other tissues characterized by “diffuse” endocrine cells in mammals. The prominent function of these peptides in health conditions led us to also hypothesize an action of Ucn agonists/antagonists in stress and in various diseases with its critical consequences on behavior and physiology. The potential role of the urocortinergic system is an intriguing topic that deserves further in-depth investi- gations to develop novel strategies for preventing stress-related conditions and treating endocrine diseases