Mechanical identification of inhomogeneous solids : a mixed numerical experimental approach

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Modelling pediatric kinematics

In the field of pediatric biomechanics, crash dumy and numerical model development suffers from to limited human subject data to directly establish response and injury values. In order to create child crash dummies and numerical models, it is necessary to combine the results from real world accident and reconstruction data, scaled adult data and data from animal testing with limited child volunteer data. This paper presents the functional and biomechanical targets for child crash dummies and numerical model

Human volunteer head-Tl response for oblique impact conditions

The development of modern smart restraint systems requires access to human surrogates with a biofidelic performance, which includes details on timing and local deformations. Therefore volunteer head neck responses for oblique impacts from the Naval BioDynamics Laboratory are re-analysed using a method developed by Thunnissen (1995). Response parameters were chosen to allow a straightforward comparison of crash dummies with volunteers. The response parameters are time histories of 3D kinematics relative to the sled of the head centre of gravity and the anatomical defined Tl, in extension to work by Wismans (1968a, 1987). Kinematics of the head relative to a rotating Tl and all six occipital load components are presented. A general applicable method to calculate 3D head flexion and twist is developed. The result is a set of time history corridors and mean peak + standard deviation windows, which can be used in the evaluation of human surogates in addition to existing frontal and lateral response specifications