1,921 research outputs found
Positivity bounds on gluon TMDs for hadrons of spin 1
We consider the transverse momentum dependent gluon distribution functions
(called gluon TMDs) by studying the light-front gluon-gluon correlator,
extending the results for unpolarized and vector polarized targets to also
include tensor polarized targets -- the latter type of polarization is relevant
for targets of spin . The light-front correlator includes
process-dependent gauge links to guarantee color gauge invariance. As from the
experimental side the gluon TMDs are largely unknown, we present positivity
bounds for combinations of leading-twist gluon distributions that may be used
to estimate their maximal contribution to observables. Since the gluonic
content of hadrons is particularly relevant in the small- kinematic region,
we also study these bounds in the small- limit for the dipole-type gauge
link structure using matrix elements of a single Wilson loop.Comment: 10 page
Directed flow from C-odd gluon correlations at small
It is shown that odd harmonic azimuthal correlations, including the directed
flow , in forward two-particle production in peripheral proton-nucleus
() collisions can arise simply from the radial nuclear profile of a large
nucleus. This requires consideration of the C-odd part of the gluonic
generalized transverse momentum dependent (GTMD) correlator of nucleons in the
nucleus. The gluonic GTMD correlator is the Fourier transform of an off-forward
hadronic matrix element containing gluonic field strength tensors that are
connected by gauge links. It is parametrized in terms of various gluon GTMD
distribution functions (GTMDs). We show (in a gauge invariant way) that for the
relevant dipole-type gauge link structure in the small- limit the GTMD
correlator reduces to a generalized Wilson loop correlator. The Wilson loop
correlator is parametrized in terms of a single function, implying that in the
region of small there is only one independent dipole-type GTMD, which can
have a C-odd part. We show that the odderon Wigner distribution, which is
related to this C-odd dipole GTMD by a Fourier transform, generates odd
harmonics in the two-particle azimuthal correlations in peripheral
collisions. We calculate the first odd harmonic for forward production
within the color glass condensate framework in the limit of a large number of
colors. We find that nonzero odd harmonics are present without breaking the
rotational symmetry of the nucleus, arising just from its inhomogeneity in the
radial direction. Using a CGC model with a cubic action, we illustrate that
percent level can arise from this C-odd mechanism. In contrast, we show
that only even harmonics arise in diffractive dijet production in
ultra-peripheral collisions where this gluon dipole GTMD also appears.Comment: 23 pages, 3 figures. v2: References added; Added plot for A=63 in
Fig.3 and a discussion on the A dependence. Version accepted for publication
in JHE
Colour unwound - disentangling colours for azimuthal asymmetries in Drell-Yan scattering
It has been suggested that a colour-entanglement effect exists in the
Drell-Yan cross section for the 'double T-odd' contributions at low transverse
momentum , rendering the colour structure different from that predicted by
the usual factorisation formula [1]. These T-odd contributions can come from
the Boer-Mulders or Sivers transverse momentum dependent distribution
functions. The different colour structure should be visible already at the
lowest possible order that gives a contribution to the double Boer-Mulders
(dBM) or double Sivers (dS) effect, that is at the level of two gluon
exchanges. To discriminate between the different predictions, we compute the
leading-power contribution to the low- dBM cross section at the two-gluon
exchange order in the context of a spectator model. The computation is
performed using a method of regions analysis with Collins subtraction terms
implemented. The results conform with the predictions of the factorisation
formula. In the cancellation of the colour entanglement, diagrams containing
the three-gluon vertex are essential. Furthermore, the Glauber region turns out
to play an important role - in fact, it is possible to assign the full
contribution to the dBM cross section at the given order to the region in which
the two gluons have Glauber scaling. A similar disentanglement of colour is
found for the dS effect.Comment: 36 pages, 11 figures; v2: typos corrected/ reference added, v3: minor
corrections/ small explanations added/ references added, v4: very minor
correction/ small explanations added/ references added (this version has been
accepted for publication in SciPost
Gluon transverse momentum dependent correlators in polarized high energy processes
We investigate the gluon transverse momentum dependent correlators as Fourier transform of matrix elements of nonlocal operator combinations. At the operator level these correlators include both field strength operators and gauge links bridging the nonlocality. In contrast to the collinear PDFs, the gauge links are no longer unique for transverse momentum dependent PDFs (TMDs) and also Wilson loops lead to nontrivial effects. We look at gluon TMDs for unpolarized, vector and tensor polarized targets. In particular a single Wilson loop operators become important when one considers the small-x limit of gluon TMDs
Study of Tau-pair Production in Photon-Photon Collisions at LEP and Limits on the Anomalous Electromagnetic Moments of the Tau Lepton
Tau-pair production in the process e+e- -> e+e-tau+tau- was studied using
data collected by the DELPHI experiment at LEP2 during the years 1997 - 2000.
The corresponding integrated luminosity is 650 pb^{-1}. The values of the
cross-section obtained are found to be in agreement with QED predictions.
Limits on the anomalous magnetic and electric dipole moments of the tau lepton
are deduced.Comment: 20 pages, 9 figures, Accepted by Eur. Phys. J.
Energy dependence of Cronin momentum in saturation model for and collisions
We calculate dependence of Cronin momentum for and
collisions in saturation model. We show that this dependence is consistent with
expectation from formula which was obtained using simple dimentional
consideration. This can be used to test validity of saturation model (and
distinguish among its variants) and measure dependence of saturation
momentum from experimental data.Comment: LaTeX2e, 12 pages, 8 figure
CP asymmetry in in a general two-Higgs-doublet model with fourth-generation quarks
We discuss the time-dependent CP asymmetry of decay in an
extension of the Standard Model with both two Higgs doublets and additional
fourth-generation quarks. We show that although the Standard Model with
two-Higgs-doublet and the Standard model with fourth generation quarks alone
are not likely to largely change the effective from the decay of
, the model with both additional Higgs doublet and
fourth-generation quarks can easily account for the possible large negative
value of without conflicting with other experimental
constraints. In this model, additional large CP violating effects may arise
from the flavor changing Yukawa interactions between neutral Higgs bosons and
the heavy fourth generation down type quark, which can modify the QCD penguin
contributions. With the constraints obtained from processes
such as and , this model can lead to the
effective to be as large as in the CP asymmetry of .Comment: 13 pages, 5 figures, references added, to appear in Eur.Phys.J.
A Precise Measurement of the Tau Lifetime
The tau lepton lifetime has been measured with the e+e- -> tau+tau- events
collected by the DELPHI detector at LEP in the years 1991-1995. Three different
methods have been exploited, using both one-prong and three-prong tau decay
channels. Two measurements have been made using events in which both taus decay
to a single charged particle. Combining these measurements gave tau_tau (1
prong) = 291.8 +/- 2.3 (stat) +/- 1.5 (sys) fs. A third measurement using taus
which decayed to three charged particles yielded tau_tau (3 prong) = 288.6 +/-
2.4 (stat) +/- 1.3 (sys) fs. These were combined with previous DELPHI results
to measure the tau lifetime, using the full LEP1 data sample, to be tau_tau =
290.9 +/- 1.4 (stat) +/- 1.0 (sys) fs.Comment: 27 pages, 7 figure
Search for composite and exotic fermions at LEP 2
A search for unstable heavy fermions with the DELPHI detector at LEP is
reported. Sequential and non-canonical leptons, as well as excited leptons and
quarks, are considered. The data analysed correspond to an integrated
luminosity of about 48 pb^{-1} at an e^+e^- centre-of-mass energy of 183 GeV
and about 20 pb^{-1} equally shared between the centre-of-mass energies of 172
GeV and 161 GeV. The search for pair-produced new leptons establishes 95%
confidence level mass limits in the region between 70 GeV/c^2 and 90 GeV/c^2,
depending on the channel. The search for singly produced excited leptons and
quarks establishes upper limits on the ratio of the coupling of the excited
fermio
Search for lightest neutralino and stau pair production in light gravitino scenarios with stau NLSP
Promptly decaying lightest neutralinos and long-lived staus are searched for
in the context of light gravitino scenarios. It is assumed that the stau is the
next to lightest supersymmetric particle (NLSP) and that the lightest
neutralino is the next to NLSP (NNLSP). Data collected with the Delphi detector
at centre-of-mass energies from 161 to 183 \GeV are analysed. No evidence of
the production of these particles is found. Hence, lower mass limits for both
kinds of particles are set at 95% C.L.. The mass of gaugino-like neutralinos is
found to be greater than 71.5 GeV/c^2. In the search for long-lived stau,
masses less than 70.0 to 77.5 \GeVcc are excluded for gravitino masses from 10
to 150 \eVcc . Combining this search with the searches for stable heavy leptons
and Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model staus a lower limit of 68.5 \GeVcc
may be set for the stau mas
- …