Universities and economically depressed regions: how strong is the influence of the University of Évora in the regional human capital?

Universities are a source of significant multiplier effects upon local and regional economic activity. In the case of economically depressed regions, the importance of universities is enhanced. This is the case of the University of Évora, located in Alentejo (Portugal), one of the poorest EU regions, where it has been a key element to the dynamics of local economic activity. Apart from a direct impact upon the economic activity of Alentejo, the University of Évora has also been promoting demographic effects, both by encouraging new permanent residents to the area, and also by attracting a fluctuating mass of students which usually become residents during the period of time required to obtain their degrees. In this paper a population of former University of Évora students is analysed with the objective of answering questions related to their connections with the city of Évora, and its surrounding areas, after graduation, and also to analyse their impact upon the regional economic activity and their contribution to the improvement of the regional labour force. The University of Évora is also assessed from the perspective of its relationships with other regional agents, in terms of knowledge and innovation transference. It is concluded that one of the main contributions of the University of Évora to the regional economic activity occurs via the employment of its graduates in local and regional schools, enterprises and other institutions. KEY-WORDS: Human Capital, Regional Development, Universities JEL CLASSIFICATION: O15, O18, R12

Positive Entropy Through Pointwise Dynamics

We define some pointwise properties of topological dynamical systems and give pointwise conditions for such a system possesses positive topological entropy. We give sufficient conditions to obtain positive topological entropy for maps which are approximated by maps with the shadowing property in a uniform way.Comment: 8 page

Universities and economically depressed regions: how ‘attractive’ is the University of Évora?

As it is well known, universities constitute sources of important multiplier effects on the economic activity of the regions where they are located. Plainly, in the case of economically depressed regions, the importance of universities becomes higher. This is certainly the case with the University of Évora as being located in the Alentejo, one of the poorest regions at the European Union level, it have been contributing to the attraction of economic activity. Besides the direct effect on the economic activity of the Alentejo, the University of Évora also have been exerting demographic effects, on the one hand, by allowing people to become residents on the region and, on the other hand, by attracting students which normally become residents during the period of time required to conclude their academic degrees. The paper explores this last effect by the analysis of how and why the University of Évora is chosen by students coming from all over the country (and from abroad). This analysis, which is done through the use of econometric techniques, also indicates which are the decisive factors for the attraction exerted by the University of Évora, in general, and by its degree courses, in particular, on the candidate students. KEYWORDS: Decision Analysis, Discrete Choice Models, Portugal, Universities JEL CLASSIFICATION: C21, R12, R23

Regional limits in Portugal - an application of cluster analysis

In 1989, Portugal has adopted the Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS) of the European Union (EU) to promote statistical normalisation in the EU. This classification grouped the portuguese municipalities in three levels: NUTS III (28 units in the Mainland), NUTS II (5 units in the Mainland) and NUTS I (3 units: Mainland, Madeira Islands and Azores Islands). In 2002, the Portuguese government approved a law introducing some modifications to the former nomenclature, namely in the regions of Centro, Lisboa e Vale do Tejo and Alentejo. Further to these modifications, some NUTS III units were moved from Lisboa e Vale do Tejo (new designation is Lisboa) to Centro and Alentejo. In this paper we group territorial units, following the methodology of cluster analysis, making use of official statistics like the population census of 2001. Our goal is to obtain homogenous NUTS II in economic and social terms, therefore challenging the 2002 nomenclature modifications. We select our variables to characterise the territorial units, according to the competitiveness territorial pyramid (Mateus et al., 2000), which classifies the territorial analysis by themes like demography, labour market, workers qualifications, innovation, entrepreneurship, productive specialization and infrastructures to support production.

Aurelio Fernández, La libertad en el pensamiento griego. Crisis, Revista Española de Filosofía, Nº 85, enero-marzo 1975; ps . 100-115.

Fil: Rego, Francisco

La filosofía de Benjamin Aybar

Fil: Rego, Francisco

Altered Interactions

Surrounding materials, signage, and detritus on the daily path offer plenty to look at, if not too much. The eye seeks comfort in its passive vision by ignoring its peripheries. Identification of my personal vision reveals itself through the manipulation of ignored material. I consider hand-made vs. machine made, singular vs. the multiple particularly in plastics, packaging and other utilitarian objects. Industrial processes influence my one-person operation. Understanding the way objects are made allows for an opportunity to connect with them. I’m already surrounded by them, the least I can do is get to know them better

Penerapan Alat Peraga Dalam Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi Guru Dalam Mengajar Di SDI Mbulilo’o Ende

This study aims to increase teacher motivation in teaching using teaching aids at SDI Mbulilo'o. Based on the description on the background, problem identification and problem limitation, the focus of this research is related to efforts to improve teacher motivation by using teaching aids at SDI Mbulilo'o Ende. This school action research was conducted at SDI Mbulilo'o Ende. Under the supervision of the researchers themselves. This type of research is the School Action Research (PTS) located at SDI Mbulilo'o Ende, which is aimed at teachers. The main reason is from the results of observations and information from the teacher, that the teaching ability of the teacher is still low. The sample in this study were all 12 teachers at SDI Mbulilo'o Ende. Based on the results of the analysis and discussion, it can be concluded that in the aspect of the principal's activity as a facilitator, he achieved a score of 27 or a percentage of 64 from all aspects of the assessment or as large as 66. % of all activities accomplished. Then in the second cycle the score obtained was 38 or with the percentage of achievement of 98% of all aspects achieved. In the aspect of teacher activity as a participant in this study, in the first cycle the score obtained from the implementation of the direction by the principal got a score of 45 or with a percentage of achievement of 56%. Then in cycle II the participation rate was 77% higher than cycle I and with an implementation score of 67. Aspects of teacher motivation during the implementation of the direction from cycle I to cycle II, teacher motivation in using teaching aids tends to increase. Where if in cycle I obtained a percentage of achievement of 54% with a sufficient category, then cycle II obtained a percentage of 77% or in the Very Good category