Evidence of Microfossils in Carbonaceous Chondrites

Investigations have been carried out on freshly broken, internal surfaces of the Murchison, Efremovka and Orgueil carbonaceous chondrites using Scanning Electron Microscopes (SEM) in Russia and the Environmental Scanning Electron Microscope (ESEM) in the United States. These independent studies on different samples of the meteorites have resulted in the detection of numerous spherical and ellipsoidal bodies (some with spikes) similar to the forms of uncertain biogenicity that were designated "organized elements" by prior researchers. We have also encountered numerous complex biomorphic microstructures in these carbonaceous chondrites. Many of these complex bodies exhibit diverse characteristics reminiscent of microfossils of cyanobacteria such as we have investigated in ancient phosphorites and high carbon rocks (e.g. oil shales). Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) analysis and 2D elemental maps shows enhanced carbon content in the bodies superimposed upon the elemental distributions characteristic of the chondritic matrix. The size, distribution, composition, and indications of cell walls, reproductive and life cycle developmental stages of these bodies are strongly suggestive of biology' These bodies appear to be mineralized and embedded within the meteorite matrix, and can not be attributed to recent surface contamination effects. Consequently, we have interpreted these in-situ microstructures to represent the lithified remains of prokaryotes and filamentous cyanobacteria. We also detected in Orgueil microstructures morphologically similar to fibrous kerite crystals. We present images of many biomorphic microstructures and possible microfossils found in the Murchison, Efremovka, and Orgueil chondrites and compare these forms with known microfossils from the Cambrian phosphate-rich rocks (phosphorites) of Khubsugul, Northern Mongolia

ОПТИМІЗАЦІЯ КОМПЛЕКСНОГО ПЕРІОПЕРАЦІЙНОГО ЛІКУВАННЯ ХВОРИХ НА РОЗПОВСЮДЖЕНИЙ ГНІЙНИЙ ПЕРИТОНІТ

A comparative evaluation of traditional and optimized treatment programs based on monitoring over the markers of systemic inflammation, endogenous toxemia and the dynamics of intraabdominal pressure has been carried out in 137 patients afflicted with widespread purulent peritonitis. A program of holiatry makes it possible to resolve metabolic disorders and essentially reduce the rate of a complicated course of the postoperative period.Проведена сравнительная оценка традиционной и оптимизированной лечебных программ на основании наблюдения за маркерами системного воспаления, эндогенной интоксикации и динамики внутрибрюшного давления у 137 больных с разлитым гнойным перитонитом. Программа комплексного лечения позволяет коррегировать метаболические нарушения и существенно снизить частоту осложненного течения послеоперационного периода.Проведена порівняльна оцінка традиційної та оптимізованої лікувальних програм на основі спостереження за маркерами системного запалення, ендогенної токсемії та динаміки внутрішньочеревного тиску в 137 хворих на розповсюджений гнійний перитоніт. Програма комплексного лікування дозволяє коригувати метаболічні розлади та суттєво зменшити частоту ускладненого перебігу післяопераційного періоду