21 research outputs found
Image_1_Mendelian randomization study on the causal relationship between food and cholelithiasis.TIF
BackgroundCholelithiasis, commonly referred to as gallstones, is a prevalent medical condition influenced by a combination of genetic factors, lifestyle choices, and dietary habits. Specific food items have been associated with an increased susceptibility to cholelithiasis, whereas others seem to offer a protective effect against its development.MethodsIn this study, we conducted a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using a large-scale genetic dataset comprising individuals with European ancestry to explore the potential causal relationship between diet and cholelithiasis. The analysis incorporated 17 food-related variables, which were considered as potential factors influencing the occurrence of this condition.ResultsOur findings indicate that a higher consumption of cooked vegetables, dried fruit, and oily fish is associated with a reduced risk of cholelithiasis. Conversely, a higher consumption of lamb is associated with an increased risk of developing the condition. Importantly, these associations proved robust to sensitivity and heterogeneity tests, and the pleiotropic test results further supported the hypothesis of a causal relationship between diet and cholelithiasis.ConclusionThrough our study, we provide compelling evidence for the existence of a causal relationship between diet and cholelithiasis. Adopting a dietary pattern enriched with cooked vegetables, dried fruit, and oily fish, while minimizing lamb intake, may contribute to the prevention of cholelithiasis. Recognizing diet as a modifiable risk factor in the prevention and management of this condition is of paramount importance, and our study offers valuable insights in this regard.</p
Table_1_Mendelian randomization study on the causal relationship between food and cholelithiasis.XLSX
BackgroundCholelithiasis, commonly referred to as gallstones, is a prevalent medical condition influenced by a combination of genetic factors, lifestyle choices, and dietary habits. Specific food items have been associated with an increased susceptibility to cholelithiasis, whereas others seem to offer a protective effect against its development.MethodsIn this study, we conducted a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using a large-scale genetic dataset comprising individuals with European ancestry to explore the potential causal relationship between diet and cholelithiasis. The analysis incorporated 17 food-related variables, which were considered as potential factors influencing the occurrence of this condition.ResultsOur findings indicate that a higher consumption of cooked vegetables, dried fruit, and oily fish is associated with a reduced risk of cholelithiasis. Conversely, a higher consumption of lamb is associated with an increased risk of developing the condition. Importantly, these associations proved robust to sensitivity and heterogeneity tests, and the pleiotropic test results further supported the hypothesis of a causal relationship between diet and cholelithiasis.ConclusionThrough our study, we provide compelling evidence for the existence of a causal relationship between diet and cholelithiasis. Adopting a dietary pattern enriched with cooked vegetables, dried fruit, and oily fish, while minimizing lamb intake, may contribute to the prevention of cholelithiasis. Recognizing diet as a modifiable risk factor in the prevention and management of this condition is of paramount importance, and our study offers valuable insights in this regard.</p
Engineering Hybrid Metallic Nanostructures Using a Single Domain of Block Copolymer Templates
Building complex nanostructures using
a simple patterned template is challenging in material science and
nanotechnology. In the present work, three different strategies have
been exploited for the successful fabrication of hybrid dots-on-wire
metallic nanostructures through combining an in-situ method with an
ex-situ method. Basically, plasma etching was applied to generate
a metallic wire-like nanostructure, and preformed nanoparticles could
be placed through multiple means before or after the formation of
the wire-like nanostructure. Various monometallic and bimetallic nanostructures
have been obtained by utilizing only one functional domain of block
copolymer templates. In these cases, full utilization of the functional
domain or introduction of
the molecular linker is critical to engineering hybrid metallic nanostructures.
Other complex and multifunctional hybrid nanostructures can be developed
via these strategies similarly, and these nanostructures are promising
for useful applications such as optics and surface-enhanced Raman
spectroscopy (SERS)
Construction of 1‑Naphthols via Benzannulation Based on the Reaction of Aryl <i>tert</i>-Butyl Ynol Ethers with Ynamides or Ynol Ethers
A new
version of benzannulation featuring the use of aromatic <i>tert</i>-butyl ynol ethers as the convenient precursors for
arylketenes has been developed. Both ynamides and ynol ethers undergo
this reaction smoothly, giving 3-amino and 3-alkoxy 1-naphthols in
good to excellent yields under the heated reaction conditions. The
high efficiency, excellent regioselectivity, good functional group
compatibility, and broad substrate scope render this reaction particularly
valuable for organic synthesis
Synthesis of Trifluoromethylated Naphthoquinones via Copper-Catalyzed Cascade Trifluoromethylation/Cyclization of 2‑(3-Arylpropioloyl)benzaldehydes
A novel copper-catalyzed cascade
trifluoromethylation/cyclization
of 2-(3-arylpropioloyl)Âbenzaldehydes is described, allowing a direct
access to structurally diverse trifluoromethylated naphthoquinones
under mild reaction conditions. It represents the first <i>trans</i>-acyltrifluoromethylation of internal alkynes
Synthesis of Trifluoromethylated Naphthoquinones via Copper-Catalyzed Cascade Trifluoromethylation/Cyclization of 2‑(3-Arylpropioloyl)benzaldehydes
A novel copper-catalyzed cascade
trifluoromethylation/cyclization
of 2-(3-arylpropioloyl)Âbenzaldehydes is described, allowing a direct
access to structurally diverse trifluoromethylated naphthoquinones
under mild reaction conditions. It represents the first <i>trans</i>-acyltrifluoromethylation of internal alkynes
Additional file 1 of Mechanobiological responses of astrocytes in optic nerve head due to biaxial stretch
Additional file 1
Inhibition of mitochondrial respiration under hypoxia and increased antioxidant activity after reoxygenation of <i>Tribolium castaneum</i>
<div><p>Regulating the air in low-oxygen environments protects hermetically stored grains from storage pests damage. However, pests that can tolerate hypoxic stress pose a huge challenge in terms of grain storage. We used various biological approaches to determine the fundamental mechanisms of <i>Tribolium castaneum</i> to cope with hypoxia. Our results indicated that limiting the available oxygen to <i>T</i>. <i>castaneum</i> increased glycolysis and inhibited the Krebs cycle, and that accumulated pyruvic acid was preferentially converted to lactic acid via anaerobic metabolism. Mitochondrial aerobic respiration was markedly suppressed for beetles under hypoxia, which also might have led to mitochondrial autophagy. The enzymatic activity of citrate synthase decreased in insects under hypoxia but recovered within 12 h, which suggested that the beetles recovered from the hypoxia. Moreover, hypoxia-reperfusion resulted in severe oxidative damage to insects, and antioxidant levels increased to defend against the high level of reactive oxygen species. In conclusion, our findings show that mitochondria were the main target in <i>T</i>. <i>castaneum</i> in response to low oxygen. The beetles under hypoxia inhibited mitochondrial respiration and increased antioxidant activity after reoxygenation. Our research advances the field of pest control and makes it possible to develop more efficient strategies for hermetic storage.</p></div
Additional file 3 of Mechanobiological responses of astrocytes in optic nerve head due to biaxial stretch
Additional file 3
Additional file 2 of Mechanobiological responses of astrocytes in optic nerve head due to biaxial stretch
Additional file 2