Translocation of heavy metals and methods of their detoxification in podzolized chernozem

At present, the fact that all unforeseen negative consequences of anthropogenic human activity significantly affect the biochemical regime of the natural environment is obvious. Therefore, agriculture should be aimed at reducing the release of chemicals from the biological cycle. Field observations were conducted to study the effect of detoxification techniques on the accumulation of heavy metals in soil. Six experiment variants were developed, using detoxicants with various combinations of them. The results of this research indicate that the organic matter of manure binds soluble metal salts into organometallic complexes, and fertilizer phosphates convert them into sparingly soluble compounds. Thus, they improve (heal) the soil contaminated by heavy metals

Integrated melioration measures on restoration of polluted and degraded soils fertility

ISSN 1822-3230 (ankstesnių spausdintų leidinių)In case of significant technogenic geochemical loads on agricultural landscapes, the issue of ecological forecasting of environmental management is particularly important. Scientific studies of this issue are aimed at establishing the critical values for the components of the ecosystem, the classification of technogenic sources of hazardous substances, levels of soil contamination. This study presents a research to determine the content of heavy metals in the soils of the Ryazan region (Russia) and analyzed the level of their pollution. In the experiments organic, organomineral and mineral fertilizers systems were studied. From 2002 to 2008 were conducted lysimetric experiments on detoxification of elevated pollution of sod-podzol sandy loam soil, and from 2006 to 2008 of podzolized black soil. The participation of the non-ferrous metals plant emissions was detected in the pollution of sod-podzol light in granulometric composition soils with copper of up to 80 mg·kg-1, when the average concentration of Cu in the soil was 38.8 ±6 mg·kg-1. Humification plays a significant role in the formation of soil, its most important properties and characteristics. The saturation of 1 hectare of sown area with organic was slightly different in the experiments, but the intensity of accumulation of humus from the various agrochemical means did not almost differ. The problem of adaptation of plants in the conditions of technogenic environment is of primary importance. Plants have three biobarera against the admission of toxicants, these are the soil – the root – the stem – the reproductive organs. Grain in contaminated soil is environmentally hazardous as the content of Pb is indicated at the level of 0.68, 1.17 mg·kg-1 (MPC 0.5), Cd – 0.27, 0.11 mg·kg-1 (MPC 0.1), Zn – 76 mg·kg-1 (50 MPC). Use of fertilizing systems had a mostly positive effect, but products do not always become environmentally friendlyVytauto Didžiojo universitetasŽemės ūkio akademij

STRONTIUM CONTENT IN SANDY SOILS IN AGRICULTURE FIELDS (CASE STUDY: MOUNDOU, CHAD)

During evaluation of physical and chemical properties of sandy soils and theirfertility in Southern part of Republic of Chad it has been revealed that some soilshave very high content of strontium. Its content varies from 10 to 270 mg/kg ofsoil depending on type of soil, depth of soil layers, clay and organic content.Strontium content negatively correlates with total content of calcium andphosphorus in layers of soil. Low CEC (CEC - Cation-exchange capacity) of soilmay be a reason of possible translocation of strontium from higher to lower layersof soils. Strontium content in soils do not relates with level of radioactivity of soilmeasured. The highest content of strontium has been found in soils developed onsome eolian and colluvio-alluvium deposits. Some researchers hypothesize thatsome endemic and chronic diseases such as Kashin-Beck disease, `Dysostosisenchondralis endemic`, endemic hoiter, osteoarthritis might be caused by highcontent of strontium in water and plant foods contaminated with it. Absence ofconsensus on etiological factors of these diseases confirms that it is worthconsidering necessity of further studies of different affects of high content ofstrontium in water and foods on human health directly or indirectly throughcausing misbalance in mineral nutrition

Strontium content in sandy soils in agriculture fields (case study: moundou, chad)

During evaluation of physical and chemical properties of sandy soils and their fertility in Southern part of Republic of Chad it has been revealed that some soils have very high content of strontium. Its content varies from 10 to 270 mg/kg of soil depending on type of soil, depth of soil layers, clay and organic content. Strontium content negatively correlates with total content of calcium and phosphorus in layers of soil. Low CEC (CEC - Cationexchange capacity) of soil may be a reason of possible translocation of strontium from higher to lower layers of soils. Strontium content in soils do not relates with level of radioactivity of soil measured. The highest content of strontium has been found in soils developed on some eolian and colluvio-alluvium deposits. Some researchers hypothesize that some endemic and chronic diseases such as Kashin-Beck disease, `Dysostosis enchondralis endemic`, endemic hoiter, osteoarthritis might be caused by high content of strontium in water and plant foods contaminated with it. Absence of consensus on etiological factors of these diseases confirms that it is worth considering necessity of further studies of different affects of high content of strontium in water and foods on human health directly or indirectly through causing misbalance in mineral nutritionVytauto Didžiojo universitetasŽemės ūkio akademij

Strontium content in sandy soils in agriculture fields (Case study: Moundou, Chad)

During evaluation of physical and chemical properties of sandy soils and their fertility in Southern part of Republic of Chad it has been revealed that some soils have very high content of strontium. Its content varies from 10 to 270 mg/kg of soil depending on type of soil, depth of soil layers, clay and organic content. Strontium content negatively correlates with total content of calcium and phosphorus in layers of soil. Low CEC (CEC - Cation-exchange capacity) of soil may be a reason of possible translocation of strontium from higher to lower layers of soils. Strontium content in soils do not relates with level of radioactivity of soil measured. The highest content of strontium has been found in soils developed on some eolian and colluvio-alluvium deposits. Some researchers hypothesize that some endemic and chronic diseases such as Kashin-Beck disease, `Dysostosis enchondralis endemic`, endemic hoiter, osteoarthritis might be caused by high content of strontium in water and plant foods contaminated with it. Absence of consensus on etiological factors of these diseases confirms that it is worth considering necessity of further studies of different affects of high content of strontium in water and foods on human health directly or indirectly through causing misbalance in mineral nutritionVytauto Didžiojo universitetasŽemės ūkio akademij

Crops water consumption and vertical soil moisture exchange

A various number of factors, which, in turn, also vary greatly, determines the process of water consumption. These are meteorological indicators, yield, crop properties and soil conditions. The values of the water consumption of irrigated crops (in the operational regime of irrigation in the calculation of the water balance) are recommended to be determined counting on: the indicators of heat supply of the territories, that is, the radiation balance; air humidity deficit and bioclimatic factors of water consumption, taking into account the type and phase of plants development, the physical condition and the soil moistening. The empirical method for determining the vertical moisture exchange takes into account the biological characteristics of crops, the conditions for the heat and moisture availability of the calculation periods, the power and humidity of the soil layer under study, the water-physical properties of the ground, and the depth of the groundwater. It gives reliable results and can be used in calculations of the water regime in designing and exploitation of the reclamation systems. The groundwater affects the formation of the soil water regime in the aeration zone. At shallow occurrence, they increase the humidity in the root layer, which makes it possible to reduce the irrigation rates and the number of irrigation events. This article considers the problem of reducing errors and improving existing methods of calculating water consumption by crops and vertical soil moisture exchange. The methods of (Shebeko et al., 1980), Rogotskiy (1981) and Pylenok (1985) were taken as the basis of the research. According to them and empirical formulas developed by Mazaiski (2002), the calculations of vertical moisture exchange were made.[...]Vytauto Didžiojo universitetasŽemės ūkio akademij

Strontium content in sandy soils in agriculture fields (Case study: Moundou, Chad)

During evaluation of physical and chemical properties of sandy soils and their fertility in Southern part of Republic of Chad it has been revealed that some soils have very high content of strontium. Its content varies from 10 to 270 mg/kg of soil depending on type of soil, depth of soil layers, clay and organic content. Strontium content negatively correlates with total content of calcium and phosphorus in layers of soil. Low CEC (CEC - Cation-exchange capacity) of soil may be a reason of possible translocation of strontium from higher to lower layers of soils. Strontium content in soils do not relates with level of radioactivity of soil measured. The highest content of strontium has been found in soils developed on some eolian and colluvio-alluvium deposits. Some researchers hypothesize that some endemic and chronic diseases such as Kashin-Beck disease, `Dysostosis enchondralis endemic`, endemic hoiter, osteoarthritis might be caused by high content of strontium in water and plant foods contaminated with it. Absence of consensus on etiological factors of these diseases confirms that it is worth considering necessity of further studies of different affects of high content of strontium in water and foods on human health directly or indirectly through causing misbalance in mineral nutritionVytauto Didžiojo universitetasŽemės ūkio akademij

Abstracts of The Second Eurasian RISK-2020 Conference and Symposium

This abstract book contains abstracts of the various research ideas presented at The Second Eurasian RISK-2020 Conference and Symposium.The RISK-2020 Conference and Symposium served as a perfect venue for practitioners, engineers, researchers, scientists, managers and decision-makers from all over the world to exchange ideas and technology about the latest innovation developments dealing with risk minimization