105 research outputs found
Why It Takes So Long to Connect to a WiFi Access Point
Today's WiFi networks deliver a large fraction of traffic. However, the
performance and quality of WiFi networks are still far from satisfactory. Among
many popular quality metrics (throughput, latency), the probability of
successfully connecting to WiFi APs and the time cost of the WiFi connection
set-up process are the two of the most critical metrics that affect WiFi users'
experience. To understand the WiFi connection set-up process in real-world
settings, we carry out measurement studies on million mobile users from
representative cities associating with million APs in billion WiFi
sessions, collected from a mobile "WiFi Manager" App that tops the Android/iOS
App market. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to do such large
scale study on: how large the WiFi connection set-up time cost is, what factors
affect the WiFi connection set-up process, and what can be done to reduce the
WiFi connection set-up time cost. Based on the measurement analysis, we develop
a machine learning based AP selection strategy that can significantly improve
WiFi connection set-up performance, against the conventional strategy purely
based on signal strength, by reducing the connection set-up failures from
to and reducing time costs of the connection set-up
processes by more than times.Comment: 11pages, conferenc
Tensor based multichannel reconstruction for breast tumours identification from DCE-MRIs
A new methodology based on tensor algebra that uses a higher order singular value decomposition
to perform three-dimensional voxel reconstruction from a series of temporal images
obtained using dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) is proposed.
Principal component analysis (PCA) is used to robustly extract the spatial and temporal
image features and simultaneously de-noise the datasets. Tumour segmentation on
enhanced scaled (ES) images performed using a fuzzy C-means (FCM) cluster algorithm is
compared with that achieved using the proposed tensorial framework. The proposed algorithm
explores the correlations between spatial and temporal features in the tumours. The
multi-channel reconstruction enables improved breast tumour identification through
enhanced de-noising and improved intensity consistency. The reconstructed tumours have
clear and continuous boundaries; furthermore the reconstruction shows better voxel clustering
in tumour regions of interest. A more homogenous intensity distribution is also observed,
enabling improved image contrast between tumours and background, especially in places
where fatty tissue is imaged. The fidelity of reconstruction is further evaluated on the basis
of five new qualitative metrics. Results confirm the superiority of the tensorial approach. The
proposed reconstruction metrics should also find future applications in the assessment of
other reconstruction algorithms
Neural and Synaptic Defects in slytherin, a Zebrafish Model for Human Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation
Congenital disorder of glycosylation type IIc (CDG IIc) is characterized by mental retardation, slowed growth and severe immunodeficiency, attributed to the lack of fucosylated glycoproteins. While impaired Notch signaling has been implicated in some aspects of CDG IIc pathogenesis, the molecular and cellular mechanisms remain poorly understood. We have identified a zebrafish mutant slytherin (srn), which harbors a missense point mutation in GDP-mannose 4,6 dehydratase (GMDS), the rate-limiting enzyme in protein fucosylation, including that of Notch. Here we report that some of the mechanisms underlying the neural phenotypes in srn and in CGD IIc are Notch-dependent, while others are Notch-independent. We show, for the first time in a vertebrate in vivo, that defects in protein fucosylation leads to defects in neuronal differentiation, maintenance, axon branching, and synapse formation. Srn is thus a useful and important vertebrate model for human CDG IIc that has provided new insights into the neural phenotypes that are hallmarks of the human disorder and has also highlighted the role of protein fucosylation in neural development
Image Denoising Using Total Variation Model Guided by Steerable Filter
We propose an adaptive total variation (TV) model by introducing the steerable filter into the TV-based diffusion process for image filtering. The local energy measured by the steerable filter can effectively characterize the object edges and ramp regions and guide the TV-based diffusion process so that the new model behaves like the TV model at edges and leads to linear diffusion in flat and ramp regions. This way, the proposed model can provide a better image processing tool which enables noise removal, edge-preserving, and staircase suppression
The Mechanosensitive Ion Channel Piezo Inhibits Axon Regeneration
Neurons exhibit a limited ability of repair. Given that mechanical forces affect neuronal outgrowth, it is important to investigate whether mechanosensitive ion channels may regulate axon regeneration. Here, we show that DmPiezo, a Ca(2+)-permeable non-selective cation channel, functions as an intrinsic inhibitor for axon regeneration in Drosophila. DmPiezo activation during axon regeneration induces local Ca(2+) transients at the growth cone, leading to activation of nitric oxide synthase and the downstream cGMP kinase Foraging or PKG to restrict axon regrowth. Loss of DmPiezo enhances axon regeneration of sensory neurons in the peripheral and CNS. Conditional knockout of its mammalian homolog Piezo1 in vivo accelerates regeneration, while its pharmacological activation in vitro modestly reduces regeneration, suggesting the role of Piezo in inhibiting regeneration may be evolutionarily conserved. These findings provide a precedent for the involvement of mechanosensitive channels in axon regeneration and add a potential target for modulating nervous system repair
Image Segmentation Using Active Contours with Hessian-Based Gradient Vector Flow External Force
The gradient vector flow (GVF) model has been widely used in the field of computer image segmentation. In order to achieve better results in image processing, there are many research papers based on the GVF model. However, few models include image structure. In this paper, the smoothness constraint formula of the GVF model is re-expressed in matrix form, and the image knot represented by the Hessian matrix is included in the GVF model. Through the processing of this process, the relevant diffusion partial differential equation has anisotropy. The GVF model based on the Hessian matrix (HBGVF) has many advantages over other relevant GVF methods, such as accurate convergence to various concave surfaces, excellent weak edge retention ability, and so on. The following will prove the advantages of our proposed model through theoretical analysis and various comparative experiments
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