Commitment Processes in Close Relationships

The purpose of this study was to indentify a variety of factors that affect satisfaction and commitment on close relationship. We attempted to explain the process by which close relationships develop and deteriorate over time, by testing the adequacy of the investment model using longitudinal self-reported data from college students. The result indicated that changes over time in commitment were more strongly predictive of stay/leave behaviors than were other investment model factors. Thus, stay/leave behaviors were mediated by changes over time in commitment. Contrary to the investment model, variations in rewards contributed significantly to the prediction of satisfaction, but costs did not. And sex differences in the variables contributed to commitment was found; whereas men increased commitment because of increases in satisfaction, women promoted because of increases in satisfaction and investment size. These findings suggested that it is necessary to revise the investment model. From this point of view, we discussed the generalizability and limitation of investment model and sex differences in the process of stay/leave behaviors

The Impact of Falling in Love : psychological adjustment and self-concept change

Through this research, we studied how love affairs affect the self identity and mental health of young people. We classified 109 male and 193 female undergraduate students into people in love and people not in love based on questionnaires completed by the students. As a results of comparing both groups, those who were in love reported high self-esteem, fullness scores and low depression scores in comparison with those who not in love. Those who were in love continuously tended to mark high brightness, friendliness, honesty, sensitivity, and the opposite sex role scores in comparison with those who were not in love. We discussed about the characteristics of young people in progress of personal relationships

Low-power display system enabled by combining oxide semiconductor and neural network technologies

An oxide semiconductor (OS)-based field effect transistor (OSFET) exhibits the advantage of having an extremely low off-state current; moreover, the OSFET displays an off-state current that is ten orders of magnitude lower than that of a CMOS-FET [1]. Recently, numerous applications that harness this feature have been reported [2]. For instance, charge leakage from a data retention node of a pixel significantly decreases when the display incorporates OSFETs in its pixel circuit (OS display) [3, 4]. This minimizes degradation in the image quality when the displayed image is static despite using lower refresh rates. Consequently, the consumed power of the display driver circuit can be reduced by a large margin. This driving method is termed idling stop (IDS) driving. The OSFET’s low-leakage can also effectively enable a type of ULSICs that we term OS-large-scale integrated circuits (OSLSI) [5, 6]. Please click Additional Files below to see the full abstract

Fast algorithm for calculating two-photon absorption spectra

We report a numerical calculation of the two-photon absorption coefficient of electrons in a binding potential using the real-time real-space higher-order difference method. By introducing random vector averaging for the intermediate state, the task of evaluating the two-dimensional time integral is reduced to calculating two one-dimensional integrals. This allows the reduction of the computation load down to the same order as that for the linear response function. The relative advantage of the method compared to the straightforward multi-dimensional time integration is greater for the calculation of non-linear response functions of higher order at higher energy resolution.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures. It will be published in Phys. Rev. E on 1, March, 199

Transient Behaviour Simulation of Excitons Created by a Train of Two Ultrashort Laser Pulses II

We continue the study of transient behavior of Excitons. This presentation follows the previous one at PCW'95-Japan[1][2]. Carriers undergo various thermal relaxation processes after they are excited in a semiconductor by femtosecond laser pulses. Since Coulomb interaction is most eective immediately after excitation, we treat it to high orders within the framework of RPA (Random Phase Approximation). We use Non-equilibrium Green's function method as before, and solve Dyson's equation numerically on a pararell computer(AP1000). 1 Introduction Recent development of laser technique has enabled us to generate ultrashort laser pulses, and thus examine non-equilibrium phenomena of carriers in semiconductors at ultra-short time range. In such applications as designing ultrahigh speed switching devices, it is important to investigate the transient behavior of carriers. At present, however, theoretical study of this problem hasn't caught up with experiments[3]. We are investigating transient..

Creating stiff, tough, and functional hydrogel composites with low-melting-point alloys

Reinforcing hydrogels with a rigid scaffold is a promising method to greatly expand the mechanical and physical properties of hydrogels. One of the challenges of creating hydrogel composites is the significant stress that occurs due to swelling mismatch between the water-swollen hydrogel matrix and the rigid skeleton in aqueous media. This stress can cause physical deformation (wrinkling, buckling, or fracture), preventing the fabrication of robust composites. Here, a simple yet versatile method is introduced to create "macroscale" hydrogel composites, by utilizing a rigid reinforcing phase that can relieve stress-induced deformation. A low-melting-point alloy that can transform from a load-bearing solid state to a free-deformable liquid state at relatively low temperature is used as a reinforcing skeleton, which enables the release of any swelling mismatch, regardless of the matrix swelling degree in liquid media. This design can generally provide hydrogels with hybridized functions, including excellent mechanical properties, shape memory, and thermal healing, which are often difficult or impossible to achieve with single-component hydrogel systems. Furthermore, this technique enables controlled electrochemical reactions and channel-structure templating in hydrogel matrices. This work may play an important role in the future design of soft robots, wearable electronics, and biocompatible functional materials