Accumulation kinetics of a series of deletion fragments with or without F6A/F7A substitution

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Recruitment of DNA repair synthesis machinery to sites of DNA damage/repair in living human cells"</p><p></p><p>Nucleic Acids Research 2007;35(9):2913-2923.</p><p>Published online 16 Apr 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC1888830.</p><p>© 2007 The Author(s)</p> () Sequence alignment of the N-terminal portion of RFC140 orthologs from nine eukaryotes. Approximately 10 amino-acid residues are indicated. Red-colored residues are highly conserved among all species, and are indicated as the PIP-box (see text). EGFP-fused fragments 1–369 (), 1–397 (), 1–493 (), 1–733 () and full-length (1–1147, ) having normal (closed squares) or the F6A/F7A mutation (open squares) were transiently expressed in HeLa cells and accumulation was measured as the fold increase of fluorescence intensity. Error bars indicate standard error. Error bars not indicated are smaller than symbols. Pictures represent accumulation of FA mutant fragments, and are taken before and 120 min after laser irradiation. Data were taken from five independent experiments. White arrowheads indicate the laser irradiation region

() Recruitment of EGFP-tagged proteins related to DNA repair synthesis to DNA damage induced by a 365-nm UVA-laser

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Recruitment of DNA repair synthesis machinery to sites of DNA damage/repair in living human cells"</p><p></p><p>Nucleic Acids Research 2007;35(9):2913-2923.</p><p>Published online 16 Apr 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC1888830.</p><p>© 2007 The Author(s)</p> (A) Nuclei (arrowheads) of HeLa cells expressing EGFP-RFC140, EGFP-PCNA and EGFP-Polδ1, were irradiated with a 365-nm UVA laser as described in ‘Materials and Methods’ section. () Accumulation of EGFP-fusions, RFC140 (square), PCNA (triangle) and Polδ1 (circle) in (A) was measured as the fold increase of fluorescence intensity at an irradiated site. Data were taken from five independent experiments. Error bars represent standard errors. () Intensity at laser irradiation sites of EGFP-fusions and five RFC subunits was plotted as in (B). () Maximum intensity (MI) and the time to reach MI ( MAX) were represented in each GFP-fusion. A half of MI (1/2 MI) was calculated as 0.5 × (MI − 1) + 1. Thus, 1/2 MI indicates the time to reach 50% of MI

Cellular localization of endogenous RFC140 and PCNA in asynchronous 293T cells

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Recruitment of DNA repair synthesis machinery to sites of DNA damage/repair in living human cells"</p><p></p><p>Nucleic Acids Research 2007;35(9):2913-2923.</p><p>Published online 16 Apr 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC1888830.</p><p>© 2007 The Author(s)</p> S1, S2 and P2 indicate cytoplasmic, nucleoplasm (soluble nuclear) and chromatin/nuclear matrix (insoluble nuclear) fractions, respectively. MEK2 and ORC2 blots are represented as a markers specific to cytoplasmic and chromatin fractions, respectively

Accumulation of EGFP-RFC140 and EGFP-PCNA in response to laser-induced DNA damage in xrcc1-deficient and xrcc1-proficient mouse embryonic cells

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Recruitment of DNA repair synthesis machinery to sites of DNA damage/repair in living human cells"</p><p></p><p>Nucleic Acids Research 2007;35(9):2913-2923.</p><p>Published online 16 Apr 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC1888830.</p><p>© 2007 The Author(s)</p> Nuclei of xrcc1-deficient (KO) or proficient (WT) mouse embryonic cells expressing EGFP-RFC140 or EGFP-PCNA were irradiated with a low dose (SSBs) or a high dose (SSBs + DSBs) of 365-nm UVA-laser light. Time-lapse pictures were taken as indicated in A

Additional file 1: Figure S1. of A new bioassay for measuring the strength of IL-6/STAT3 signal inhibition by tocilizumab in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Transition in CDAI for each group of patients administered TCZ at different intervals. Transition in CDAI for the 3-week group (A), 4-week group (B) and 5-week group (C). TCZ tocilizumab, CDAI clinical disease activity index. (TIF 1404 kb

Self-Sufficient Bioethanol Production System Using a Lignin-Derived Adsorbent of Fermentation Inhibitors

We have developed a new self-sufficient bioethanol producing system that suppresses the inhibition of fermentation by thermally processed residual lignin in a separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) and one-pot simultaneous saccharification and cofermentation (SSCF). The new fermentation process incorporates detoxification with the lignin-derived adsorbent; thus, needs no purchased adsorbent, produces no waste adsorbent and relieves wastewater treatment load. Eucalyptus globulus wood was pretreated by microwave (MW)-assisted hydrothermolysis in aqueous maleic acid and separated into soluble and insoluble fractions. The insoluble fraction was hydrolyzed with cellulolytic enzymes, and the residual lignin was separated. We found that thermal processing of the lignin under a normoxic atmosphere efficiently adsorbed fermentation inhibitors without affecting monosaccharide concentration by enzymatic saccharification. The processing was achieved at 250–350 °C, which are much lower temperatures for wood charcoal production and resulted in higher yields of the adsorbent. The residual lignin formed after SSCF was also converted to the selective adsorbent. Using the lignin-derived adsorbent and genetically engineered Zymomonas mobiliz, bioethanol was produced at 54 g/L from the pretreated biomass mash by one-pot SSCF processes coupled with prehydrolysis. The lignin-derived adsorbent is recyclable and potentially applicable to a wide range of fermentation processes of lignocellulosics

Design, Fabrication, and Performance of an Optimized Flow Reactor with Parallel Micropacked Beds

Herein, we build on the results of our previous studies and describe the design and fabrication of a hybrid glass/silicon flow reactor with 32 parallel packed beds using an eight-inch wafer process. Increasing throughput of the exothermic reaction requires sufficient heat removal for maintaining reasonable productivity as well as for safe operation. In this work, a glass/silicon combination was chosen as reactor materials. We predicted the heat dissipation effect of the bonding of a silicon substrate to the glass microreactor, which was validated by the reaction experiment monitored by IR thermography. The reactor withstood pressures of up to 13 MPa, which ensures safe reactor operation in spite of the brittleness of materials (silicon and glass) used. It was designed to serve for the direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide (10 wt %) with 0.5 kg/h productivity per single reactor, and its parallel operation was demonstrated. Here we can show that the reactor is well suited for the safe and efficient operation of hazardous processes and their upscaling

3D Water Management in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells toward Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles

A multiscale water visualization technique for polymer electrolyte fuel cells was established by using operando multiprobe radiography with pulsed spallation neutron and synchrotron X-ray sources. The three-dimensional water distribution revealed that water back-diffusion from the cathode to the anode significantly contributes to the “drainability” of practical polymer electrolyte fuel cells toward fuel cell electric vehicles

3D Water Management in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells toward Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles

A multiscale water visualization technique for polymer electrolyte fuel cells was established by using operando multiprobe radiography with pulsed spallation neutron and synchrotron X-ray sources. The three-dimensional water distribution revealed that water back-diffusion from the cathode to the anode significantly contributes to the “drainability” of practical polymer electrolyte fuel cells toward fuel cell electric vehicles

3D Water Management in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells toward Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles

A multiscale water visualization technique for polymer electrolyte fuel cells was established by using operando multiprobe radiography with pulsed spallation neutron and synchrotron X-ray sources. The three-dimensional water distribution revealed that water back-diffusion from the cathode to the anode significantly contributes to the “drainability” of practical polymer electrolyte fuel cells toward fuel cell electric vehicles