21 research outputs found
Does fintech lead to better accounting practices? Empirical evidence
Purpose
Innovation in fintech presents great opportunities and huge challenges for accounting practices around the world. This paper aims to examine the impact of Fintech on accounting practices including financial reporting, performance management, budgeting, auditing, risk and fraud management. Fintech is proxied by the adoption of AI and big data analysis in accounting practices.
Design/methodology/approach
We chose African countries as our focus countries and surveyed chartered and qualified accountants in both Ghana and Nigeria. With 201 questionnaires qualified for our final analyses, we adopted the structural equation modelling to analyse the impact of Fintech on accounting practices.
Findings
The empirical results show that the impact of AI and big data on accounting practices is positive and significant, indicating that fintech could potentially mitigate the agency problem in accounting practices and lead to better accounting practices. Interestingly, we find that, in general, the impact of AI is larger than that of big data.
Originality/value
Our results provide significant insights to regulators, policymakers and managers about the future development of adopting fintech in the regulation and governance framework at both macro and micro levels for accounting practice
Densities and viscosities for the ternary system of cyclopropanemethanol (1) + 2, 2, 4-trimethylpentane (2) + decalin (3) and corresponding binaries at <i>T</i> = 293.15–323.15 K
<p>Densities (<i>ρ</i>) and viscosities (<i>η</i>) of a ternary system cyclopropanemethanol (1) + 2,2,4-trimethylpentane (2) + decalin (3) and three corresponding binary systems were measured at temperatures from 293.15 K to 323.15 K and atmospheric pressure. Densities were obtained by using a vibrating-tube densimeter. Viscosities were determined by an automatic microviscometer based on the rolling ball principle. The excess molar volumes (<math><msubsup><mrow><mrow><mi>V</mi></mrow></mrow><mrow><mrow><mi>m</mi></mrow></mrow><mrow><mrow><mrow><mi>E</mi></mrow></mrow></mrow></msubsup></math>) and viscosity deviations (Δ<i>η</i>) of the ternary system were derived from the experimental data and then were fitted to Clibuka, Nagata–Tamura and Redlich–Kister equation, respectively. The binary subsystems were correlated by Redlich–Kister equation. The values of <math><msubsup><mrow><mrow><mi>V</mi></mrow></mrow><mrow><mrow><mi>m</mi></mrow></mrow><mrow><mrow><mrow><mi>E</mi></mrow></mrow></mrow></msubsup></math> and Δ<i>η</i> were used to discuss the nature of mixing behaviours between mixture components.</p
Density and Viscosity for Binary Mixtures of the Ionic Liquid 2,2-Diethyl-1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidinium Ethyl Sulfate with Water, Methanol, or Ethanol
The ionic liquid (IL), 2,2-diethyl-1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidinium
ethyl sulfate ([(C<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub><sup>2</sup>(C<sub>1</sub>)<sub>2</sub>(C<sub>1</sub>)<sub>2</sub><sup>3</sup>gu][C<sub>2</sub>OSO<sub>3</sub>]), was synthesized and characterized. The density
and viscosity data were determined for the binary mixtures of [(C<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub><sup>2</sup>(C<sub>1</sub>)<sub>2</sub>(C<sub>1</sub>)<sub>2</sub><sup>3</sup>gu][C<sub>2</sub>OSO<sub>3</sub>]
with water, methanol, or ethanol over the whole concentration range
at different temperatures <i>T</i> = 293.15–323.15
K and atmospheric pressure <i>p</i> = 0.1 MPa. The excess
molar volume, <i>V</i><sub>m</sub><sup>E</sup>, and viscosity deviation, Δη,
for the binary mixtures are calculated and fitted with the Redlich–Kister
type polynomial equation. The values of <i>V</i><sub>m</sub><sup>E</sup> for [(C<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub><sup>2</sup>(C<sub>1</sub>)<sub>2</sub>(C<sub>1</sub>)<sub>2</sub><sup>3</sup>gu][C<sub>2</sub>OSO<sub>3</sub>] + water
system are observed to be negative, and those for [(C<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub><sup>2</sup>(C<sub>1</sub>)<sub>2</sub>(C<sub>1</sub>)<sub>2</sub><sup>3</sup>gu][C<sub>2</sub>OSO<sub>3</sub>] + methanol/ethanol
system change from negative to positive against the mole fraction
(<i>x</i><sub>1</sub>) of the IL, which exhibit the minimum
values around <i>x</i><sub>1</sub> = 0.2 and the maximum
values near <i>x</i><sub>1</sub> = 0.8. The Δη
values for all of the three binary systems are negative, and the minimum
values occur near <i>x</i><sub>1</sub> = 0.6. The temperature
dependence of viscosity for pure [(C<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub><sup>2</sup>(C<sub>1</sub>)<sub>2</sub>(C<sub>1</sub>)<sub>2</sub><sup>3</sup>gu][C<sub>2</sub>OSO<sub>3</sub>] and its binary mixtures
can be well correlated with the Vogel–Fucher–Tammann
equation. These fundamental physicochemical properties of the binary
mixtures make for a better comprehension of the guanidinium-based
ILs and the potential applications
Densities, Viscosities, Refractive Indices, and Surface Tensions of Binary Mixtures of 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane with Several Alkylated Cyclohexanes from (293.15 to 343.15) K
Densities and viscosities have been
measured over the whole composition
ranges for the binary mixtures of 2,2,4-trimethylpentane with methylcyclohexane,
ethylcyclohexane, or <i>n</i>-butylcyclohexane at temperatures <i>T</i> = (293.15 to 343.15) K and atmospheric pressure. Meanwhile,
the refractive indices and surface tensions were measured at <i>T</i> = (293.15 to 323.15) K and <i>T</i> = (293.15
to 308.15) K, respectively. The excess molar volumes, <i>V</i><sub>m</sub><sup>E</sup>, the viscosity deviations, Δη,
and the surface tension deviations, Δγ, for these binary
systems are calculated and fitted to the Redlich–Kister equation,
and the regression coefficients and the standard deviations of the
fittings are given. All of the <i>V</i><sub>m</sub><sup>E</sup>, Δη and Δγ values are negative over
the whole composition range for these systems. The values of Δ<i>n</i><sub><i>D</i></sub> for these binary mixtures
are all small, even negligible. These results may be useful for the
development of the hydrocarbon fuels
Excess Molar Volume along with Viscosity and Refractive Index for Binary Systems of Tricyclo[5.2.1.0<sup>2.6</sup>]decane with Five Cycloalkanes
Densities,
viscosities, and refractive indices have been measured
for the binary system of tricyclo[5.2.1.0<sup>2.6</sup>]decane with
cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, ethylcyclohexane, butylcyclohexane,
or 1,2,4-trimethylcyclohexane at temperatures <i>T</i> =
(293.15 to 318.15 K) and pressure <i>p</i> = 0.1 MPa. The
excess molar volumes (<i>V</i><sub>m</sub><sup>E</sup>),
the viscosity deviations (Δη), and the refractive index
deviations (Δ<i>n</i><sub>D</sub>) are then calculated.
The changes of <i>V</i><sub>m</sub><sup>E</sup> and Δη
with the composition are fitted to the Redlich–Kister equation.
The values of density, viscosity, and refractive index increase continuously
with the increase of mole fraction of tricyclo[5.2.1.0<sup>2.6</sup>]decane and decrease with the rise of temperature. The <i>V</i><sub>m</sub><sup>E</sup> and Δη are all negative over
the whole composition range for these five binary systems. The changes
of <i>V</i><sub>m</sub><sup>E</sup> and Δη are
discussed from the points of view of molecular interactions in the
binary systems
Densities and Viscosities for Binary Mixtures of the Ionic Liquid <i>N</i>-Ethyl Piperazinium Propionate with <i>n</i>-Alcohols at Several Temperatures
A novel ionic liquid <i>N</i>-ethyl piperazinium
propionate,
[NEPP], was prepared, and the densities and viscosities
for the binary mixtures of [NEPP] with methanol, ethanol, <i>n</i>-propanol, and <i>n</i>-butanol were measured
over the whole concentration range at (298.15, 303.15, 308.15, and
313.15) K and 0.1 MPa. The data of the excess molar volume, <i>V</i><sub>m</sub><sup>E</sup>, were calculated and fitted with
the Redlich–Kister type polynomial equation. The values of <i>V</i><sub>m</sub><sup>E</sup> of the investigated systems are
all negative, indicating that the ion–dipole interactions play
important roles between the molecules of the ionic liquid and the
alcohols
Extraction of Aromatics from Hydrocarbon Fuels Using <i>N</i>-Alkyl Piperazinium-Based Ionic Liquids
A total of 10 new <i>N</i>-alkyl piperazinium-based
ionic liquids (ILs) have been prepared, and they are used as extractants
for removing aromatics from three kinds of hydrocarbon fuels. A total
of 3 ILs, <i>N</i>-methyl piperazinium lactate (MPL), <i>N</i>-ethyl piperazinium lactate (EPL), and <i>N</i>-ethyl piperazinium propionate (EPP), in the liquid state at room
temperature are used directly for extraction, while the other 7 ILs
in the solid state at room temperature are used with methanol as the
co-solvent. Effects on the extraction efficiency of the temperature
and the amounts of IL and co-solvent are investigated. The results
indicate that the amounts of IL and co-solvent play very important
roles in the extraction process and the efficiency is greatly influenced
by the cation and anion structures in the <i>N</i>-alkyl
piperazinium-based ILs. In comparison to 1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidinium
lactate (TMGL), the extraction capability order is EPP > EPL >
MPL > TMGL. The ILs with aromatic anions are found to have better
extraction capability than the others. Furthermore, recycling of ILs
reflects that these ILs can be recovered simply by vacuum distillation
without a significant decrease in the activity of dearomatization
Excess Molar Volume along with Viscosity, Flash Point, and Refractive Index for Binary Mixtures of <i>cis</i>-Decalin or <i>trans</i>-Decalin with C<sub>9</sub> to C<sub>11</sub> <i>n</i>‑Alkanes
Density,
viscosity, flash point and refractive index for binary
mixtures of <i>cis</i>-decalin or <i>trans</i>-decalin with nonane, decane, and undecane have been determined at
pressure <i>p</i> = 0.1 MPa and different temperatures ranging
from (293.15 to 323.15) K. The calculated excess molar volumes give
negative values over the whole composition range for these binary
systems. With the increase of mole fraction of decalin, the values
of viscosity and refractive index increase continuously. The viscosity
deviation and refractive index deviation are calculated, showing negative
from the corresponding linear additive values. A small additional
amount of the component with lower flash point leads to marked changes
of flash point values of these binary mixtures
Densities and Viscosities of Binary Mixtures of 2‑Ethyl-1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidinium Ionic Liquids with Ethanol and 1‑Propanol
Two
guanidinium-based ionic liquids (ILs), 2-ethyl-1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidinium
bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([TMGEt][NTf<sub>2</sub>]) and ethyl
sulfate ([TMGEt][C<sub>2</sub>OSO<sub>3</sub>]) were synthesized and
characterized. Experimental densities and viscosities for the binary
mixtures of the ILs with ethanol and 1-propanol from (293.15 to 323.15)
K were measured over the whole composition range and at the atmospheric
pressure of 0.1 MPa. The excess molar volumes (<i>V</i><sub>m</sub><sup>E</sup>) and the viscosity deviations (Δη)
for the binary systems were calculated and fitted with the Redlich–Kister
equation. It is found that the density of [TMGEt][NTf<sub>2</sub>]
is much higher than that of [TMGEt][C<sub>2</sub>OSO<sub>3</sub>]
at the same temperature, while the viscosity of the former with the
value of 74.61 mPa·s is only <sup>1</sup>/<sub>9</sub> of that
of the latter at 293.15 K. This indicates that the difference of the
anions has a significant influence on the density and viscosity of
the ILs with the same guanidinium cation. The addition of ethanol
or 1-propanol leads to negative values of <i>V</i><sub>m</sub><sup>E</sup> and Δη, which result from the efficient
packing of the constituents in the binary mixtures and the weakening
of anion–cation interactions of the ILs. The partial molar
volumes, excess partial molar volumes, Gibbs energy, and excess Gibbs
energy of activation for viscous flow of the binary mixtures also
have been calculated. It is hoped that the results provide useful
information for the fundamental physicochemical properties of the
guanidinium-based ILs and their further applications
Density, Viscosity, Refractive Index, and Surface Tension for Six Binary Systems of Adamantane Derivatives with 1‑Heptanol and Cyclohexylmethanol
Measurements
on densities (ρ), viscosities (η), and
refractive indices (<i>n</i><sub>D</sub>) from (293.15 to
333.15) K and at 0.1 MPa along with the surface tensions (γ)
at 298.15 K and 0.1 MPa for binary mixtures of 1,3-dimethyladamantane
(1,3-DMA), 1-ethyladamantane (1-EA), and 1,3,5-trimethyladamantane
(1,3,5-TMA) with 1-heptanol or cyclohexylmethanol have been carried
out over the entire composition range. The experimental data are used
to calculate the excess molar volumes (<i>V</i><sub>m</sub><sup>E</sup>), viscosity deviations (Δη), molar refraction
deviations (Δ<sub>Φ</sub><i>R</i>), and surface
tension deviations (Δγ). The <i>V</i><sub>m</sub><sup>E</sup>, Δη, Δ<sub>Φ</sub><i>R</i>, and Δγ values have been fitted to the Redlich–Kister
polynomial equation. From these excess or deviation functions, the
molecular interactions and nonideality of the binary systems are discussed.
The results are expected to provide fundamental data for understanding
the properties of adamantane derivatives as potential components and
the composition optimization of new high energy-density hydrocarbon
fuels