The correlation between immunohistochemical expression of MMP-2 and the prognosis of epithelial ovarian cancer

Objectives: The Objectives: The goal of the study was to evaluate the correlation of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) expression with tumor spread, metastasis, survival and recurrence in early and advanced-stage Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (EOC). Material and methods: Medical records of patients, hospitalized at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, İzmir Ataturk Training and Research Hospital between 2003 and 2008, were reviewed. Patient age, tumor size, localization, histologic type and tumor grade, stage, metastasis status, patient outcomes and follow-up data were obtained from the records of the obstetrics and gynecology clinic, as well as during face-to-face or telephone interviews. Results: The percentage of MMP-2 staining (expression) in the epithelial cells was not significantly associated with tumor stage and grade, histologic type, tumor diameter, recurrence and overall survival (p>0.05). A significant correlation was found between the percentage of MMP-2 staining (expression) and metastasis status (p0.05), but was with histologic type (p0,05). Stromal staining (expression) of MMP-2 was not significantly correlated with tumor stage and grade, histologic type, tumor diameter and outcomes (p>0.05), but was with recurrence and presence of metastasis (p0.05), total score (p>0.05) and staining intensity (p>0.05). The association of disease-free survival with the percentage of MMP-2 staining (p>0.05), total score (p>0.05), staining intensity (p>0.05) and stromal staining (p>0.05) was not statistically significant. The survival of patients with positive stromal staining was significantly shorter compared to cases with negative stromal staining (

Lymphoma of the cervix: A diagnostic pitfall on cervicovaginal smear

Malignant lymphoma that secondarily involves the cervix is a rare condition and may be difficult to distinguish from follicular cervicitis and small cell carcinoma. Cervical lymphoma is sometimes misdiagnosed on cervicovaginal cytology due to its rarity. We report a case of a cervical lymphoma in a 65-year-old woman, which was diagnosed as a squamous cell carcinoma on cervicovaginal cytology

Comparison of the volumetric and radiomics findings of F-18-FDG PET/CT images with immunohistochemical prognostic factors in local/locally advanced breast cancer

Objective The aim of this study was to determine the change in volumetric and radiomics parameters of fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (F-18-FDG) PET/computed tomography (CT) imaging in local/locally advanced cancer patients according to immunohistochemical findings. Patients and methods A total of 72 patients who were diagnosed with local/locally advanced breast cancer and then examined by F-18-FDG PET/CT for staging were included in this study. Immunohistochemical prognostic factors [estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her-2), p53 mutation, Ki-67 proliferation index] and histological grades were determined. Standardized uptake value (SUV)-based, volume-based, and radiomics findings were obtained from F-18-FDG PET/CT images. Results In cases of ER and PR negativity, Her-2 positivity, presence of the p53 mutation, and Ki-67 index of at least 20% patients, total volumetric parameters were significantly higher in paired comparisons. The results of the ER-negative group were significantly higher than those of ER-positive patients in GLRLM_GLNU, GLRLM_RLNU, GLZLM_GLNU, and GLZLM_ZLNU comparisons. In grade 3 patients, mean SUV, maximum SUV, and GLRLM_LRHGE values were higher than those of grade 2 patients. SUV and volumetric parameters were significantly higher in patients with Ki-67 index of at least 20% than those with less than 20%. Maximum SUV, breast tumor lesion glycolysis values, and entropy in nuclear polymorphism in the 3+ patient group were found to be higher compared with the 2+ patient group. Moreover, patients with mitosis 3+ had significantly higher breast metabolic tumor volume, breast tumor lesion glycolysis, and kurtosis values than the 1+ group. Conclusion ER negativity, triple negativity, high tumor grade, and high nuclear polymorphism were associated with tumor heterogeneity. With respect to ER negativity, PR negativity, high tumor grade, high mitosis number, high Ki-67 index, Her-2 positivity, and the presence of p53 mutation, an increased tumor load were observed. In addition to immunohistochemical parameters, the use of radiomics data is believed to contribute to breast cancer management

The impact of uterine adenomyosis on the histopathological risk factors and survival in patients with endometrial adenocarcinoma

A retrospective cohort study was performed on patients diagnosed with endometrial adenocarcinoma (EC) during a 9-year period to investigate the impact of co-existing adenomyosis on patients with EC. Group A included women with EC and adenomyosis and Group B EC cases without the presence of adenomyosis. Group A was more likely to have early-stage disease, tumours without deep myometrial invasion, low-grade tumours and tumours with negative lymphovascular space invasion when compared to Group B (p = 0.012, p = 0.004, p < 0.001, p = 0.02). There were no statistically significant difference between Group A and Group B for lymph node metastasis (p = 0.064). There was no significant relation between the adenomyosis and survival outcomes in the multivariant analysis (p = 0.437). As a conclusion, patients with adenomyosis were more likely to accompany good histopathologic prognostic factors. Multivariate analysis showed no significant effect of adenomyosis on recurrence and survival parameters.IMPACT STATEMENT What is already known on this subject? Adenomyosis is one of the most common accompanying benign histopathological findings of type 1 endometrial carcinomas (EC). Adenomyosis comprises some characteristics similar to malignant tumours, such as invasion, abnormal tissue growth and angiogenesis. Despite concerns have arisen due to both their high incidence and similar molecular links, the possible relation between EC and adenomyosis is still not well grounded. What the results of this study add? We presented a 9-year period retrospective cohort of a tertiary referring single centre and evaluated the prognostic effect of adenomyosis in patients with EC as well as the survival outcomes of these patients. The co-occurrence of adenomyosis was more likely to accompany early-stage (stages 1–2) disease, low-grade tumours (grades 1–2) and tumours with negative LVSI in patients with EC. However, multivariate and survival analysis showed no significant effect of adenomyosis on recurrence and survival parameters. What the implications are of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? Based on these findings, we suggest that the presence of adenomyosis should not be considered as a prognostic factor in EC. Our results support the overriding opinion about the prognostic value of co-occurrence of adenomyosis and EC. However, further studies exploring the molecular and genomic markers in these two groups are needed to uncover the exact relation of adenomyosis on the prognosis of EC

Comparison of underlying lesions in pediatric and adult ovarian torsion

Objective: To compare the pediatric and adult ovarian torsion and explore a quantitative value to predict a possible underlying tumor

Correlation of Endometrial Glycodelin Expression and Pregnancy Outcome in Cases with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Treated with Clomiphene Citrate Plus Metformin: A Controlled Study

Objective. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between clomiphene citrate (CC) plus metformin treatment and endometrial glycodelin expression and to then correlate this relationship with pregnancy outcomes. Material and Methods. A total of 30 patients diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) according to the Rotterdam criteria constituted our study group. All had been admitted to the gynecology outpatient clinic between June 1, 2011, and January 1, 2012, for infertility treatment. Our control group consisted of 20 patients admitted for routine Pap smear control. They had no history of infertility and were not using contraceptives and they were actively attempting pregnancy. Midluteal progesterone measurement and pipelle endometrial biopsies were performed with both groups. For PCOS patients, metformin treatment was initiated right after the biopsy and CC was added in the second menstrual cycle. Pipelle endometrial biopsies were repeated. Histological dating and immunohistochemistry for glycodelin were performed by a single pathologist who was blinded to the patients&apos; clinical data. Result(s). The posttreatment ovulation rate in the study group was 93.3%. No pregnancies were achieved in either group when glycodelin expression was not present, even in the presence of ovulation. When glycodelin expression was high in PCOS group, the pregnancy rate was 60% and all pregnancies ended in live births. In weak expression group, however, three out of four pregnancies ended as early pregnancy losses. Conclusion(s). Endometrial glycodelin expression is an important predictor of pregnancy outcomes in both PCOS and fertile groups

Correlation of Endometrial Glycodelin Expression and Pregnancy Outcome in Cases with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Treated with Clomiphene Citrate Plus Metformin: A Controlled Study

Objective. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between clomiphene citrate (CC) plus metformin treatment and endometrial glycodelin expression and to then correlate this relationship with pregnancy outcomes. Material and Methods. A total of 30 patients diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) according to the Rotterdam criteria constituted our study group. All had been admitted to the gynecology outpatient clinic between June 1, 2011, and January 1, 2012, for infertility treatment. Our control group consisted of 20 patients admitted for routine Pap smear control. They had no history of infertility and were not using contraceptives and they were actively attempting pregnancy. Midluteal progesterone measurement and pipelle endometrial biopsies were performed with both groups. For PCOS patients, metformin treatment was initiated right after the biopsy and CC was added in the second menstrual cycle. Pipelle endometrial biopsies were repeated. Histological dating and immunohistochemistry for glycodelin were performed by a single pathologist who was blinded to the patients’ clinical data. Result(s). The posttreatment ovulation rate in the study group was 93.3%. No pregnancies were achieved in either group when glycodelin expression was not present, even in the presence of ovulation. When glycodelin expression was high in PCOS group, the pregnancy rate was 60% and all pregnancies ended in live births. In weak expression group, however, three out of four pregnancies ended as early pregnancy losses. Conclusion(s). Endometrial glycodelin expression is an important predictor of pregnancy outcomes in both PCOS and fertile groups

Thick-needle vacuum-assisted biopsy technique for inflammatory breast carcinoma diagnosis Técnica de biópsia aspirativa por agulha de grosso calibre para o diagnóstico do carcinoma inflamatório da mama

PURPOSE: Inflammatory breast carcinoma (IBC) is a rare clinicopathological cancer type with unique clinical features and a poor prognosis. In this disease, there is generally no palpable mass in the breast. IBC can be mistakenly diagnosed as mastitis and patients may receive a delayed diagnosis and treatment, since these two disorders cause similar pathological appearences on the breast. Clinical suspicion of the disease followed by histopathological observation of occluded dermal lympthatics by tumor emboli leads to definitive diagnosis of IBC. METHODS: Here, we report our experiences in diagnosing IBC using Thick-Needle Aspiration Biopsy (TNAB). RESULTS: Eight patients having clinically suspected IBC, received TNAB. IBC was definitively diagnosed upon observation in histopathological examination of occluded dermal lymphatics by tumor emboli since TNAB allowed adequate tissue sampling. CONCLUSION: In this study, we showed that IBC can be reliably diagnosed using TNAB.<br>OBJETIVO: O carcinoma inflamatório da mama (CIM) é um raro tipo histopatológico do câncer mamário, com características clínicas especiais e prognóstico reservado. Nesta doença, geralmente não se palpa nódulos mamários. O CIM pode equivocadamente ser diagnosticado como mastite e gerando um retardo no diagnóstico e tratamento, visto que ambas as doenças tem apresentação semelhante. A suspeita clínica da doença seguida da observação histopatológica de embolia tumoral com oclusão dos linfáticos da derme conduz ao diagnóstico definitivo de CIM. MÉTODOS: Relata-se o procedimento no diagnóstico de CIM utilizando a biópsia de aspiração por agulha de grosso calibre (BAAGC). RESULTADOS: Oito pacientes com suspeita clínica CIM foram submetidos a BAAGC. Todos os casos receberam diagnóstico definitivo de CIM após caracterização histopatológica da biópsia. BAAGC permitiu a amostragem adequada do tecido. CONCLUSÃO: O CIM pode ser diagnosticado utilizando BAAGC

Investigation of prognostic significance of CD44 expression in women with vulvar squamous cell carcinoma

The aim of our study is to evaluate whether CD 44 isoform expression is a prognostic factor in vulvar carcinom and to correlate the expression with clinicopathological parameters. Methods: The study included 26 patients diagnosed with invasive squamous cell vulvar cancer. The data of patients were obtained from the oncology follow-up records and the hospital database. The haemotoxylene & eosin stained preparates of the cases were removed from the archives and re-evaluated by examination of the slides under a light microscope. The preparates of the patients were evaluated separately according to the extent and intensity of staining and the combined score applied with the immunohistochemical method in the anti-CD44 antibody in the epithelium and the stroma. Results: When the CD44 epithelial staining intensity and staining combined scores of the patients were examined according to other clinicopathological parameters, a statistically significant difference was found between the groups in terms of tumour grade, differentiation, age, lymph node positivity, and survival rates (p [Med-Science 2019; 8(4.000): 774-781