National Farmers Union Property and Casualty Company v. Wesern Casualty and Surety Company : Brief of Respondent

Appeal from a Judgment of the District Court of Salt Lake County Honorable Dean E. Conder, Judg

SDN-controlled and Orchestrated OPSquare DCN Enabling Automatic Network Slicing with Differentiated QoS Provisioning

In this work, we propose and experimentally assess the automatic and flexible NSs configurations of optical OPSquare DCN controlled and orchestrated by an extended SDN control plane for multi-tenant applications with differentiated QoS provisioning. Optical Flow Control (OFC) protocol has been developed to prevent packet losses at switch sides caused by packet contentions.Based on the collected resource topology of data plane, the optical network slices can be dynamically provisioned and automatically reconfigured by the SDN control plane. Meanwhile, experimental results validate that the priority assignment of application flows supplies dynamic QoS performance to various slices running applications with specific requirements in terms of packet loss and transmission latency. In addition, the capability of exposing traffic statistics information of data plane to SDN control plane enables the implementation of load balancing algorithms further improving the network performance with high QoS. No packet loss and less than 4.8 us server-to-server latency can be guaranteed for the sliced network with highest priority at a load of 0.5

An intelligent recommender system based on predictive analysis in telehealthcare environment

The use of intelligent technologies for providing useful recommendations to patients suffering chronic diseases may play a positive role in improving the general life quality of patients and help reduce the workload and cost involved in their daily healthcare. The objective of this study is to develop an intelligent recommender system based on predictive analysis for advising patients in the telehealth environment concerning whether they need to take the body test one day in advance by analyzing medical measurements of a patient for the past k days. The proposed algorithms supporting the recommender system have been validated using a time series telehealth data recorded from heart disease patients which were collected from May to January 2012, from our industry collaborator Tunstall. The experimental results show that the proposed system yields satisfactory recommendation accuracy and offer a promising way for saving the workload for patients to conduct body tests every day. This study highlights the possible usefulness of the computerized analysis of time series telehealth data in providing appropriate recommendations to patients suffering chronic diseases such as heart diseases patients

Analysis of gut microbiotal diversity in healthy young adults in Sunan County, Gansu Province, China

ObjectiveTo examine gut microbiotal diversity in the Han Chinese and Yugur populations of Sunan County, Gansu Province, living in the same environmental conditions, and to analyze possible causes of differences in diversity.MethodsWe selected 28 people, ages 18–45 years old, all of whom were third-generation pure Yugur or Han Chinese from Sunan County. Fresh fecal samples were collected, and total bacterial deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was extracted. We performed 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (16S rRNA) high-throughput sequencing (HTS) and bioinformatics to study the relationships among between gut microbiota structure, genetics, and dietary habits in Yugur and Han Chinese subjects.ResultsWe found 350 differential operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in Han Chinese and Yugur gut microbiota, proving that gut microbiota differed between the two populations. That were less abundant among Yugurs than Han Chinese were Prevotella_9 and Alloprevotella. That were more abundant among Yugurs than Han Chinese were Anaerostipes and Christensenellaceae_R-7_group. And they were significantly associated with a high-calorie diet In addition. we found differences in predicted gut microbiota structural functions (The main functions were metabolic and genetic information) between the two populations.ConclusionYugur subjects demonstrated differences in gut microbiotal structure from Han Chinese subjects, and this difference influenced by dietary and may be influenced by genetic influences. This finding will provide a fundamental basis for further study of the relationships among gut microbiota, dietary factors, and disease in Sunan County

The socio-spatial design of community and governance: Interdisciplinary urban design in China

This book proposes a new interdisciplinary understanding of urban design in China based on a study of the transformative effects of socio-spatial design and planning on communities and their governance. This is framed by an examination of the social projects, spaces, and realities that have shaped three contexts critical to the understanding of urban design problems in China: the histories of “collective forms” and “collective spaces”, such as that of the urban danwei (work-unit), which inform current community building and planning; socio-spatial changes in urban and rural development; and disparate practices of “spatialised governmentality”. These contexts and an attendant transformation from planning to design and from government to governance, define the current urban design challenges found in the dominant urban xiaoqu (small district) and shequ (community) development model. Examining the histories, transformations, and practices that have shaped socio-spatial epistemologies and experiences in China – including a specific sense of community and place that is rather based on a concrete “collective” than abstract “public” space and underpinned by socialised governance – this book brings together a diverse range of observations, thoughts, analyses, and projects by urban researchers and practitioners. Thereby discussing emerging interdisciplinary urban design practices in China, this book offers a valuable resource for all academics, practitioners, and stakeholders with an interest in socio-spatial design and development

High performance scalable data center and computer network architectures based on distributed fast optical switches

Building practical high performance optical data center network

HiFOST: A scalable and low-latency hybrid data center network architecture based on flow-controlled fast optical switches

To solve the bandwidth and latency issues in current hierarchical data center network (DCN) architectures based on electrical switches, we propose a novel hybridDCNarchitecture based on distributed flow-controlled fast optical switches (FOS) and modified top-of-the-rack (TOR) switches (HiFOST). The intra-cluster interconnection of HiFOST is built by FOS with wavelength switching in nanoseconds' time for an efficient statistical multiplexing operation, while the inter-cluster interconnection is connected by the TOR interfaces directly. Due to the lack of practical optical buffers, optical flow control is implemented to retransmit packets in case of contention. We investigate the performance of HiFOST DCN with different TOR buffer sizes, optical link capacities, elastic allocation of transceivers, and network scales under realistic data center (DC) traffic. The results show an average serverto- server latency of less than 2.8 μs, a packet loss <5.6 × 10-6 at load of 0.5 for a DC size of 94,080 servers with limited 50 KB TOR buffer. In addition, for scaling out the servers' number and scaling up the data rate of connected servers, the cost and power consumption of the HiFOST DCN have been investigated and compared with the electrical Fat-Tree and Leaf-Spine DCN architectures, as well as with the optical H-LION and OPSquare DCN architectures. Results indicate that, for 94,080 servers operating at 10 Gb/s, HiFOST has a 48.2% and 34.1% savings of the cost and 46.3% and 32.5% savings of the power consumption with respect to the Fat-Tree and Leaf-Spine, respectively. For a HiFOST DCN supporting a 10880 server, scaling up the operating data rate of the server to 100 Gb/s, the HiFOST solution has a cost savings of 35.6% and 34.1% and power consumption of 56.5% and 59.2% as compared to the Fat-Tree and Leaf-Spine, respectively

OPSquare: towards petabit/s optical data center networks based on fast WDM cross-connect switches and optical flow control

OPSquare is an optical DCN architecture that potentially addresses the DCN scaling issues by employing parallel intra- and inter-cluster switching networks based on distributed fast WDM optical cross-connect switches and a novel top-of-rack switch architecture

Network Performance Optimization with Real Time Traffic Prediction in Data Center Network

We demonstrate the performance optimization of a data center network based on recurrent highway network (RHN) traffic prediction model. The RHN model achieves the lowest MSE of 0.014 and empowers the network reconfiguration via Ryu controller and SDN agents to demonstrate real-time system performance optimization

A novel scalable and low latency hybrid data center network architecture based on flow controlled fast optical switches

We present a novel hybrid DCN based on flow-controlled fast optical switches. Results show packet loss <1.4E-5 and latency <2.4μs for 100,000 servers (0.3 load). Costs and power consumptions are also compared with current technologies