A descriptive analysis of digital game-based foreign language education

Digital games are increasingly being used for foreign language learning; a trend that has grown popular recently. This research dives deeply into this topic, assessing different skill areas targeted by these digital games, and how they are utilized in various settings worldwide - educational and otherwise. The research takes into account studies carried out between 2010 and 2021. The study's methodology is rooted in qualitative research, specifically the embedded theory design, and the gathered data is interpreted through a descriptive analysis approach. Out of an initial pool of 145 academic studies reviewed, 57 met the necessary criteria for inclusion, such as quality of data, sample size, year of publication, gender balance, and content relevance. The analyzed data is then expressed in terms of frequency and percentages for simplicity and easier understanding. The findings show that studies focusing on the use of digital games for foreign language learning have multiplied in recent years. However, a large proportion of these studies are heavily focused on vocabulary acquisition. This led to the suggestion that future work in this area should broaden its scope to include other important language skills like reading, writing, and listening, in addition to vocabulary.

The Russian Revolution of 1905 in the Ottoman Empire

Cataloged from PDF version of article.This study examines how the Ottomans perceived the Russian revolution of 1905. In order to achieve this, the Russian revolution of 1905 is described from the eyes of both parties pertaining to the Ottoman empire in 1905, namely the Young Turk revolutionaries, who were very active in 1905 in Europe and their main target, the Ottoman imperial government. This thesis is composed of three chapters. The first chapter provides the reader with a historical background to the Russian revolution of 1905 and to the Ottoman empire in 1905. Following this, the second chapter studies the Russian revolution of 1905 from Young Turks’ point of view by relying upon the Young Turk journals published in Europe and in Egypt during the subject revolutionary years. The third chapter, which is based on the archival documents, describes how the Ottoman imperial government regarded the Russian revolution of 1905.Yaşar, MuratM.S

A 7-bit reverse-saturated SiGe HBT discrete gain step attenuator

In this study, the analysis, design and measured results of a fully integrated 7-Bit step attenuator implemented in a 0.25-μm Silicon-Germanium (SiGe) BiCMOS process technology, are described. The attenuator is designed based on delicately ordered and cascaded Π/T type attenuation blocks, which are comprised of series/shunt switches employing SiGe hetero-junction bipolar transistors (HBTs) with peak fT/fmax of 110/180 GHz. HBTs are employed as a series switch to decrease the insertion-loss of the attenuator. Moreover, to authors’ best knowledge, this is the first study presenting the effect of employing reverse-saturated HBTs as a shunt switch for each attenuation blocks. Thanks to this advancement, the highest input-referred 1-dB compression point (IP1dB) is reported for Si-based similar studies. This method also decreases the insertion-loss of the proposed attenuator. The measurements result in the state-of-the-art performance with 28.575 dB attenuation range by 0.225 dB gain steps while maintaining 7-bit amplitude resolution across 6.6 GHz to 12.8 GHz frequency band, where RMS phase error remains below 3.3∘ and insertion loss (IL) is less than 12.4 dB. The measured IP1dB of the attenuator is 13.5 dBm while drawing 8 mA from 3.3 V supply. The die occupies an area of 1.37 mm x 0.56 mm excluding pads

Management of traumatic pneumothorax in isolated blunt chest trauma

Objectives: Pneumothorax is an important complication of blunt chest trauma. The aim of this study was toreport our experience in treatment strategy and outcomes of traumatic pneumothorax.Methods: A total of 78 patients who developed pneumothorax due to isolated blunt chest trauma were evaluatedin terms of age, gender, size of pneumothorax, treatment methods, complications and length of hospital stay.The size of pneumothorax was calculated with computer-aided volumetry.Results: Tube thoracostomy was performed for 48 patients while observation was undertaken for 30 cases.Chest tubes were inserted in 6 patients after 24 hours following the traumatic event. A total of 8 patients whodeveloped prolonged air leakage and hemothorax as complications underwent video-assisted thoracoscopicsurgery. None of the patients developed any mortality or morbidity.Conclusions: Traumatic pneumothorax demands prompt diagnosis and treatment. Monitoring all patients evenwith small sizes of traumatic pneumothorax for at least 24 hours onset of their initial assessment and applyingchest tubes for cases who have pneumothorax larger than 50% at first examination should be an appropriatemodality for treatment. Moreover, the minimally invasive approach of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgerybenefits to overcome the complications of thoracic trauma

Seismic Assessment of the Historical Sütlü Minaret Mosque

Historical masonry structures that connecting the past to the present have great importance because they represent the experiences and characteristics of various cultures. Therefore, the protection of historical structures is important. In this study, the structural response of the historical masonry Mosque was evaluated through dynamic analyses. For this purpose, the Sütlü Minaret Mosque which is located in Malatya, Turkey, was investigated. The three-dimensional model of the historical mosque was generated with ANSYS software. The material properties of the mosque were obtained with experimental tests. The time history analyses were used to obtain the seismic behavior of masonry mosque. In the time history analyses, six different strong ground motion records, including the 2020 Elazığ earthquake, were used. After the analysis, displacement and stress values in the mosque were given. The absolute peak displacement value among these earthquake records was obtained from the 1999 Düzce earthquake and the highest principal compressive and tensile stress values were determined for the 2010 Darfield earthquake. Also, the crack regions which occurred in the mosque after the 2020 Elazığ earthquake were compared with the dynamic analysis result of the 2020 Elazığ earthquake. The crack regions formed after the Elazığ earthquake are similar to the possible crack regions formed after the dynamic analysis

Effect of Supplementary Cyan Light to Deep Red and Royal Blue Range Wavelengths on the Seedling Period of Iceberg Lettuces

In this article, effect of cyan (≈500 nm) light on the plant growth as a supplementary light source to common deep red (≈660 nm) and royal blue (≈440) lights is examined. For this purpose, a 4-floor shelf was prepared containing Vernalia type iceberg lettuce (Lactuca sativa) seeds. Carbon dioxide content of air, soil moisture, air humidity, environment temperature, water, pH, electrical conductivity, fertilizer and nutrient contents were controlled at desired values; being same for the whole system. Second and third floors were lighted 18 hours a day, with the same photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) of 360 μmol m-2 s-1. Third floor’s lighting was composed of 65% deep red and 35% royal blue lights. Second floor’s lighting was composed of 55% deep red, 25% royal blue and 20% cyan lights. First floor was lighted with sunlight, in order to make a comparison with natural lighting. Fourth floor contained the necessary control equipment. The experiment lasted for 15 days to analyse only the seedling period. The experiment results showed that, addition of cyan light to conventional red and blue grow lightings allowed the plants to grow 14% more by stem system. Also, cyan light provided a stronger root development and higher leaf area; which would indicate a higher product yield in the vegetative period. Keywords: Cyan light, artificial lighting, plant growth conditions, seedling period, lettuce, greenhouse efficiency, green light DOI: 10.7176/JBAH/9-10-11 Publication date:May 31st 201

4-bit SiGe phase shifter using distributed active switches and variable gain amplifier for x-band phased array applications

This paper presents a 4-bit digitally controlled phase shifter for X-band (8-12.5 GHz) phased-arrays, implemented in 0.25-mu m SiGe BiCMOS process. Distributed active switches are utilized in first three bits. On-chip inductances are used to provide 22.5 degrees phase shift steps. The placement and the geometry of these inductances are optimized for minimum phase error and insertion loss. In order to compensate the gain variations of this stage, a single stage variable gain amplifier is used. The fourth bit which provides 0/180 degrees phase shift is obtained in third amplification stage, with switching between common base - common emitter configuration. With utilization of this technique overall phase error is significantly decreased and overall gain is increased. The phase shifter achieves 7dB gain with 3 dB of gain error. 360 degrees phase shift is achieved in 4 bit resolution with a phase error of 0.5 degrees at center frequency of 10GHz, and maximum 22 degrees phase error in 4.5 GHz bandwidth. The chip size is 2150 mu m x 1040 mu m including the bondpads. These performance parameters are comparable with the state of the art using similar technology

The associations between university students’ transformational leadership characteristics and dysfunctional limitedness perceptions

AbstractThe aim of this study was to explore associations between transformational leadership and limitedness schemas of university students. Data were collected from 66 male (34.2%) and 127 females (65.8%), a total of 193 university students. The minimum age was 17 and the maximum age was 23. The mean age of the sample was 19.62 years with a standard deviation of 1.21. The results reveal that females have higher scores than males with regard to transformational leadership characteristics. Comparison of the differences between male and female subjects in terms of limitedness orientation showed that males reported higher scores than females on limitedness schemas. In addition, limitedness about relations and limitedness about the world were significantly associated with transactional leadership and a laissez-faire philosophy, but connections of dysfunctional limitedness schemas with transformational leadership were not significant