Achieving Least Relocation of Existing Facilities in Spatial Optimisation: A Bi-Objective Model (Short Paper)

Spatial optimisation models have been widely used to support locational decision making of public service systems (e.g. hospitals, fire stations), such as selecting the optimal locations to maximise the coverage. These service systems are generally the product of long-term evolution, and there usually are existing facilities in the system. These existing facilities should not be neglected or relocated without careful consideration as they have financial or management implications. However, spatial optimisation models that account for the relocation or maintenance of existing facilities are understudied. In this study, we revisit a planning scenario where two objectives are adopted, including the minimum number of sites selected and the least relocation of existing facilities. We propose and discuss three different approaches that can achieve these two objectives. This model and the three approaches are applied to two case studies of optimising the retail stores in San Francisco and the large-scale COVID-19 vaccination network in England. The implications of this model and the efficiency of these approaches are discussed

Developing Capacitated p-median Location-allocation Model in the spopt Library to Allow UCL Student Teacher Placements Using Public Transport

Location-allocation is a key tool within the GIS and network analysis toolbox. In this paper we discuss the real world application of a location-allocation case study (approx 800 students, 500 schools) from UCL using public transport. The use of public transportation is key for this case study, as many location-allocation approaches only make use of drive-time or walking-time distances, but the location of UCL in Greater London, UK makes the inclusion of public transport vital for this case study. The location-allocation is implemented as a capacitated p-median location-allocation model, using the spopt library, part of the Python Spatial Analysis Library (PySAL). The capacitated variation of the p-median location-allocation problem is a new addition to the spopt library, which this work will present. The results from the initial version of the capacitated p-median location-allocation problem has shown a marked improvement on public transport travel time, with public transport travel time reduced by 891 minutes overall for an initial sample of 93 students (9.58 minutes per student). Results will be presented below and plans for further improvement shared

Disruption of the Golgi protein Otg1 gene causes defective hormone secretion and aberrant glucose homeostasis in mice.

BACKGROUND: Concerted hormone secretion is essential for glucose homeostasis and growth. The oocyte testis gene 1 (Otg1) has limited information in mammals before. Human OTG1 has been identified as an antigen associated with cutaneous T cell lymphoma, while worm Otg1 is recently reported to be a vesicle trafficking regulator in neurons. To understand the physiological role of Otg1 and its potential relation to hormone secretion, we characterized a mutation caused by the piggyBac transposon (PB) insertion in mice. RESULTS: Oocyte testis gene 1 encodes a Golgi localized protein that is expressed with a broad tissue distribution in mice. The PB insertion effectively blocks Otg1 expression, which results in postnatal lethality, growth retardation, hypoglycemia and improved insulin sensitivity in mice. Otg1 mutants exhibit decreased levels of insulin, leptin and growth hormone in the circulation and reduced hepatic IGF-1 expression. Decreased expression of Otg1 in pituitary GH3 cells causes reduced grow hormone expression and secretion, as well as the traffic of the VSVG protein marker. CONCLUSIONS: Our data support the hypothesis that Otg1 impacts hormone secretion by regulating vesicle trafficking. These results revealed a previously unknown and important role of Otg1 in hormone secretion and glucose homeostasis in mammals

Soil Environmental Quality Assessment around the Undeveloped Ion Adsorption Type Rare Earth Ore in Southern Jiangxi

In order to find out the soil quality of the undeveloped ion adsorption type rare earth ore, and more purposeful monitoring in the mining process, a mining area in Ningdu, southern Jiangxi was taken as the research area, and the improved Nemerow soil fertility comprehensive method was used to evaluate the soil fertility of the research area, the single factor index method and Nemerow pollution index method were used to evaluate the heavy metal pollution status. Results show that: the soil fertility levels of each single item in the study area are is total phosphorus < total nitrogen < organic matter < available phosphorus < alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen < available potassium < total potassium, and the overall level is low and barren, which is better than that of a mining waste area; The pollution levels of heavy metals are As<Ni<Cr<Cu<Zn<Cd<Pb, which are all within the safe area and comparable with the soil background value in Jiangxi Province, and better than a mining waste area. The research revealed that the soil fertility in this area is low and there is no heavy metal pollution. In the later development and utilization, attention should be paid to the monitoring of alkaline hydrolyzed nitrogen, total potassium, available potassium, Pb, Cd and As in the soil

Study on pyroptosis-related genes Casp8, Gsdmd and Trem2 in mice with cerebral infarction

Objective Cerebral infarction is the main cause of death in patients with cerebrovascular diseases. Our research aimed to screen and validate pyroptosis-related genes in cerebral infarction for the targeted therapy of cerebral infarction. Methods and results A total of 1,517 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained by DESeq2 software analysis. Gene set enrichment analysis results indicated that genes of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) mice aged 3 months and 18 months were enriched in pyroptosis, respectively. Differentially expressed pyroptosis-related genes (including Aim2, Casp8, Gsdmd, Naip2, Naip5, Naip6 and Trem2) were obtained through intersection of DEGs and genes from pyroptosis Gene Ontology Term (GO:0070269), and they were up-regulated in the brain tissues of MCAO mice in GSE137482. In addition, Casp8, Gsdmd, and Trem2 were verified to be significantly up-regulated in MCAO mice in GSE93376. The evaluation of neurologic function and triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining showed that the MCAO mouse models were successfully constructed. Meanwhile, the expressions of TNF-α, pyroptosis-related proteins, Casp8, Gsdmd and Trem2 in MCAO mice were significantly up-regulated. We selected Trem2 for subsequent functional analysis. OGD treatment of BV2 cell in vitro significantly upregulated the expressions of Trem2. Subsequent downregulation of Trem2 expression in OGD-BV2 cells further increased the level of pyroptosis. Therefore, Trem2 is a protective factor regulating pyroptosis, thus influencing the progression of cerebral infarction. Conclusions Casp8, Gsdmd and Trem2 can regulate pyroptosis, thus affecting cerebral infarction

piggyBac as a high-capacity transgenesis and gene-therapy vector in human cells and mice

SUMMARY The stable genomic integration and expression of a large transgene is a major hurdle in gene therapy. We show that the modified piggyBac (PB) transposon system can be used to introduce a 207 kb genomic DNA fragment containing the RORγ/γt locus into human cells and mice. PB-mediated transgenesis results in a single copy of a stably inherited and expressed transgene. These results indicate that PB could serve as an effective high-capacity vector for functional analysis of the mammalian genome and for gene therapy in human cells

Multiscale Change Detection Domain Adaptation Model Based on Illumination–Reflection Decoupling

In the change detection (CD) task, the substantial variation in feature distributions across different CD datasets significantly limits the reusability of supervised CD models. To alleviate this problem, we propose an illumination–reflection decoupled change detection multi-scale unsupervised domain adaptation model, referred to as IRD-CD-UDA. IRD-CD-UDA maintains its performance on the original dataset (source domain) and improves its performance on unlabeled datasets (target domain) through a novel CD-UDA structure and methodology. IRD-CD-UDA synergizes mid-level global feature marginal distribution domain alignment, classifier layer feature conditional distribution domain alignment, and an easy-to-hard sample selection strategy to increase the generalization performance of CD models on cross-domain datasets. Extensive experiments conducted on the LEVIR, SYSU, and GZ optical remote sensing image datasets demonstrate that the IRD-CD-UDA model effectively mitigates feature distribution discrepancies between source and target CD data, thereby achieving optimal recognition performance on unlabeled target domain datasets

Continuous Leaching Test of Ion-type Rare Earth Ore at Different Depths

This is an essay in the field of metallurgical engineering. The ion-type rare earth ore in Ganzhou was treated as the research object. Continuous stirring leaching and column leaching were used to study the leaching of rare earth and impurity elements in ore samples. The test results provide a reference for the green and efficient mining of ion-type rare earth mineral resources. The test results show that the rare earth leaching rate is about 80% in the continuous stirring leaching process. The TREO/Al in the secondary leaching solution increases significantly, while the TREO/Ca decreases significantly and the TREO/Mg decreases slightly. With the increase of ore depth, the pH value of leachate gradually increased, TREO/Al increased to 15.52, and TREO/Ca decreased to 0.64. The leaching rate of rare earths all reached more than 96%, but with the increase of depth, the proportion of light rare earth increased from 49.43% to 53.28%, and the proportion of heavy rare earth gradually decreased from 35.91% to 32.18%. The continuous stirring leaching and column leaching tests both show that with the increase of the depth of the ore sample, the leaching rate of rare earth does not decrease significantly, and the leaching of rare earth in low-grade ore seams is still feasible