Peer influence on public information system development decisions: Taking the municipal OGD platforms in China as an example

This paper mainly discusses how governments make decisions by using reference groups in the development of open data. Hypotheses are proposed based on prospect theory and institutional theory, and data collection and hypothesis verification are conducted based on previous research models. It is concluded that municipal governments tend to take the principle "doctrine of the mean" to direct the development of OGD platforms when facing the trait-based reference group, while it will take the radical route when facing the institution-based reference group. The two reference groups play different regulatory roles, prompting the government to dynamically adjust the development direction of OGD

Study on Urban Landscape Green Space -- A Case Study of Longquanshan Park

Studying on Qinglongshan Forest Park in Wuhan by typical plot method, 15 typical plots in the park were investigated, and the species richness index, diversity index, evenness index, frequency and important value index were calculated. The results showed that there were 139 species of woody plants belonging to 46 families and 97 genera, including 41 species of evergreen trees, 32 species of deciduous trees, 62 species of evergreen shrubs, 25 species of deciduous shrubs, and 4 species of bamboo belonging to 1 family, 3 genera. Species richness index and Simpson diversity index were all expressed as tree layer > shrub layer, evergreen species > deciduous species. Pielou evenness was tree layer > shrub layer. This study can provide some reference for understanding the existing plant status of forest parks, carrying out science popularization, scientific research, protection and improvement of forest landscape quality

Twisted Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition Promotes Progression of Surviving Bladder Cancer T24 Cells with hTERT-Dysfunction

Human cancer cells maintain telomeres to protect cells from senescence through telomerase activity (TA) or alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) in different cell types. Moreover, cellular senescence can be bypassed by Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) during cancer progression in diverse solid tumors. However, it has not been elucidated the characteristics of telomere maintenance and progression ability after long-term culture in bladder cancer T24 cells with hTERT dysfunction.In this study, by using a dominant negative mutant human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) vector to inhibit TA in bladder cancer T24 cells, we observed the appearance of long phenotype of telomere length and the ALT-associated PML body (APB) complex after the 27(th) passage, indicating the occurrence of ALT-like pathway in surviving T24/DN868A cells with telomerase inhibition. Meanwhile, telomerase inhibition resulted in significant EMT as shown by change in cellular morphology concomitant with variation of EMT markers. Consistently, the surviving T24/DN868A cells showed increased progression ability in vitro and in vivo. In addition, we found Twist was activated to mediate EMT in surviving T24/DN868A samples.Taken together, our findings indicate that bladder cancer T24 cells may undergo the telomerase-to-ALT-like conversion and promote cancer progression at advanced stages through promoting EMT, thus providing novel possible insight into the mechanism of resistance to telomerase inhibitors in cancer treatment

Spatial variation of energy efficiency based on a Super-Slack-Based Measure: Evidence from 104 resource-based cities

Energy efficiency is tied to energy activities and environmental effects and serves as a useful tool for sustainability analysis. Few insights have been acquired for sustainability development from resource-based cities in developed or developing countries. A Super-Slack-Based Measure (Super-SBM) with undesirable outputs is established to account for the total-factor energy efficiency from an energy-economy-environment perspective. Using China as a case study, the spatial variation in energy efficiency from 104 resource-based cities is analysed, furthermore, the results are compared with a scenario that does not consider environmental constraints. Finally, resource-based cities are classified into three categories through K-means clustering technology: high-efficiency region, medium-efficiency region and low-efficiency region. The investigation results show the following: (1) Efficiency disparities exist in resource-based cities under different scenarios, as a whole, the energy efficiency in the scenario two considering by-products of energy activities is obviously lower, which can more truly represent the sustainability of resource-based cities. (2) Most resource-based cities are in low-efficiency zones with substantial room for improvement. Spatial agglomeration effect or spatial spillover effect appears in a few cities. (3) Urban development in developing countries may follow the full life cycle process of local resources. A total of 262 resource-based cities could be roughly categorized into four types. The energy efficiency of growing type is the highest, followed by grow-up type, recessionary type, and regenerative type. (4) The ordering of efficiency in resource-based city is as follows: oil and gas-based > multiple minerals-based > non-metallic-based > nonferrous metal-based > coal-based > forestry-based > ferrous metal-based. The discussion offered in this study for various types of resource-based cities could provide a reference for other cities or developing countries which are in similar industrialization phases and hope for sustainable development

Possible Unconventional Surface Superconductivity in the Half-Heusler YPtBi

We report an extensive extensive study of the noncentrosymmetric half-Heusler topological superconductor YPtBi, revealing unusual relation between bulk superconductivity and the appearance of surface superconductivity at temperatures up to 3 times the bulk transition temperature. Transport measurements confirmed the low carrier density of the material and its bulk superconducting transition, which was also observed in ac susceptibility through mutual inductance (MI) measurements. However, a weak signature of superconductivity in the MI measurements appeared much above the bulk transition temperature, which was further observed in scanning tunneling spectroscopy. Polar Kerr effect measurements suggest that while the bulk superconductor may exhibit an unusual nodal superconducting state, only the surface state breaks time reversal symmetry. Complementary tunneling measurements on LuPtBi are used to establish the observations on YPtBi, while density-functional theory (DFT) calculations may shed light on the origin of this unusual surface state.Comment: 11 pages, 10 figure

Quiet New Particle Formation in the Atmosphere

Atmospheric new particle formation (NPF) has been observed to take place in practice all around the world. In continental locations, typically about 10-40% of the days are so-called NPF event days characterized by a clear particle formation and growth that continue for several hours, occurring mostly during daytime. The other days are either non-event days, or days for which it is difficult to decide whether NPF had occurred or not. Using measurement data from several locations (Hyytiala, Jarvselja, and near-city background and city center of Budapest), we were able to show that NPF tends to occur also on the days traditionally characterized as non-event days. One explanation is the instrument sensitivity towards low number concentrations in the sub-10 nm range, which usually limits our capability to detect such NPF events. We found that during such days, particle formation rates at 6 nm were about 2-20% of those observed during the traditional NPF event days. Growth rates of the newly formed particles were very similar between the traditional NPF event and non-event days. This previously overlooked phenomenon, termed as quiet NPF, contributes significantly to the production of secondary particles in the atmosphere.Peer reviewe

Transcriptome analysis provides insights into the mechanism of carapace stripe formation in two closely related Marsupenaeus species

Marsupenaeus japonicus has two types of phenotypic differences that are mainly reflected in the stripe pattern of the carapace. However, the underlying mechanism regulating the stripe patterns is not clear. In the present study, we first observed the composition of pigment cells and detected the contents of different carotenoids in the carapace of M. japonicus. We clearly observed the setae structure on the carapace. There were red pigment cells in the stripe pattern and yellow pigment cells in the other parts. Both red pigment cells and yellow pigment cells showed dendritic morphology. In the carapace, the content of astaxanthin was the highest, significantly (P < 0.05) higher than that of other carotenoids. Some differentially expressed genes between two pattern types of M. japonicus, may be associated with the body color formation, such as crustacyanin (CRCN), apolipoprotein D (ApoD), tubulin alpha-1 chain, cuticle protein, and ABC transporter, which were verified by quantitative PCR experiments. The amino acid composition and secondary structure of CRCN A2, CRCN C1, and ApoD were significantly different. The results of this study will help to elucidate the molecular mechanism of the differential pattern formation of M. japonicus and provide a reference for further exploration of the formation mechanism of crustacean color

Genome-wide identification of new reference genes for RT-qPCR normalization in CGMMV-infected Lagenaria siceraria

Lagenaria siceraria is an economically important cucurbitaceous crop, but suitable reference genes (RGs) to use when the plants are infected by cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) have not been determined. Sixteen candidate RGs of both leaf and fruit and 18 candidate RGs mostly from separate RNA-Seq datasets of bottle gourd leaf or fruit were screened and assessed by RT-qPCR. The expression stability of these genes was determined and ranked using geNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper and RefFinder. Comprehensive analysis resulted in the selection of LsCYP, LsH3, and LsTBP as the optimal RGs for bottle gourd leaves, and LsP4H, LsADP, and LsTBP for fruits. LsWD, LsGAPDH, and LsH3 were optimal for use in both leaves and fruits under the infection of CGMMV. Isopentenyl transferase (IPT) and DNA-directed RNA polymerase (DdRP) were used to validate the applicability of the most stable identified RGs from bottle gourd in response to CGMMV. All the candidate RGs performed in RT-qPCR consistently with the data from the transcriptome database. The results demonstrated that LsWD, LsGAPDH and LsH3 were the most suitable internal RGs for the leaf, and LsH3, LsGAPDH, LsP4H and LsCYP for the fruit