611 research outputs found
SNR-Based Teachers-Student Technique for Speech Enhancement
It is very challenging for speech enhancement methods to achieves robust
performance under both high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and low SNR
simultaneously. In this paper, we propose a method that integrates an SNR-based
teachers-student technique and time-domain U-Net to deal with this problem.
Specifically, this method consists of multiple teacher models and a student
model. We first train the teacher models under multiple small-range SNRs that
do not coincide with each other so that they can perform speech enhancement
well within the specific SNR range. Then, we choose different teacher models to
supervise the training of the student model according to the SNR of the
training data. Eventually, the student model can perform speech enhancement
under both high SNR and low SNR. To evaluate the proposed method, we
constructed a dataset with an SNR ranging from -20dB to 20dB based on the
public dataset. We experimentally analyzed the effectiveness of the SNR-based
teachers-student technique and compared the proposed method with several
state-of-the-art methods.Comment: Published in 2020 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and
Expo (ICME 2020
UNetGAN: A Robust Speech Enhancement Approach in Time Domain for Extremely Low Signal-to-noise Ratio Condition
Speech enhancement at extremely low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) condition is
a very challenging problem and rarely investigated in previous works. This
paper proposes a robust speech enhancement approach (UNetGAN) based on U-Net
and generative adversarial learning to deal with this problem. This approach
consists of a generator network and a discriminator network, which operate
directly in the time domain. The generator network adopts a U-Net like
structure and employs dilated convolution in the bottleneck of it. We evaluate
the performance of the UNetGAN at low SNR conditions (up to -20dB) on the
public benchmark. The result demonstrates that it significantly improves the
speech quality and substantially outperforms the representative deep learning
models, including SEGAN, cGAN fo SE, Bidirectional LSTM using phase-sensitive
spectrum approximation cost function (PSA-BLSTM) and Wave-U-Net regarding
Short-Time Objective Intelligibility (STOI) and Perceptual evaluation of speech
quality (PESQ).Comment: Published in Interspeech 201
Case Report: A management strategy and clinical analysis of primary squamous cell carcinoma of the colon
Primary colorectal squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) is a rare pathological subtype. Currently, clinical data with regards to its prognosis and treatment is limited, and there is no optimal treatment method. The case presented involves a proficient mismatch repair (pMMR) and microsatellite-stable (MSS) Colorectal cancer (CRC) patient with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) located transversely in the colon. Based on the imaging assessment, the tumor infiltration depth is classified as T4. After receiving 4 cycles of neoadjuvant treatment with oxaliplatin and capecitabine (XELOX), the patients were evaluated for partial response (PR) in 2 cycles and stable disease (SD) in 4 cycles. The patient underwent a right hemicolectomy and received postoperative paclitaxel/cisplatin (TC) adjuvant chemotherapy. After 23 months, a systemic examination revealed abdominal metastasis. A needle biopsy was conducted on the detected abdominal metastases, with the resulting pathology indicating the presence of metastatic SCC. The individual exhibited expression of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and a mutation in the TP53 gene. Considering the patientâs disease recurrence based on medical history, a treatment plan was formulated. This involved Sintilimab plus Cetuximab and the combination of leucovorin, fluorouracil, and irinotecan (FOLFIRI) regimen. The patient received four cycles of treatment with an efficacy evaluation of SD- and seven cycles of treatment with an efficacy evaluation of SD+, which resulted in a progression-free survival (PFS) duration of 7 months. This case study presents the conventional XELOX chemotherapy protocol, which has shown limited effectiveness, and highlights the favorable results achieved by implementing the TC adjuvant chemotherapy regimen in individuals diagnosed with primary colonic SCC. Furthermore, combining immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) with other therapies for patients with advanced disease is anticipated to provide an extended duration of survival
Effects of Forward and Reverse Shear Displacements on Geometric and Hydraulic Characteristics of Single Rough Fracture by the Finite Volume Method
AbstractShear displacement will lead to the change of rock fracture space and then affect seepage characteristics of the fracture, but for the same rock fracture, whether the spatial geometry and seepage characteristics of the fracture can be consistent under the forward and reverse shear displacements is a new question. In this paper, the 2D rough fracture profile was used to establish models of different shear displacements in the forward and reverse directions without contact zone, and the geometric distribution characteristics of the fracture space with shear displacements were analyzed. The FVM (finite volume method) was adopted to calculate and simulate the hydraulic characteristics of the relative seepage direction (forward and reverse flow) under different pressure gradients at various shear displacement models. The results showed that under the same shear displacement, the spatial geometry characteristics of forward and reverse shear displacements are consistent after the initial angle of the fracture profile is eliminated. The slope of equivalent hydraulic aperture decreases with the shear displacement, and the amplitude of the non-Darcy coefficient difference increases with the shear displacement, which are inconsistent in the forward and reverse directions, which are negatively correlated with the directional roughness of the initial fracture profile. It shows that the directional roughness inconsistency between the forward and reverse directions of fracture profile is the primary factor leading to the difference of seepage characteristic parameters under the forward and reverse shear displacements
Charge Measurement of Cosmic Ray Nuclei with the Plastic Scintillator Detector of DAMPE
One of the main purposes of the DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) is to
measure the cosmic ray nuclei up to several tens of TeV or beyond, whose origin
and propagation remains a hot topic in astrophysics. The Plastic Scintillator
Detector (PSD) on top of DAMPE is designed to measure the charges of cosmic ray
nuclei from H to Fe and serves as a veto detector for discriminating gamma-rays
from charged particles. We propose in this paper a charge reconstruction
procedure to optimize the PSD performance in charge measurement. Essentials of
our approach, including track finding, alignment of PSD, light attenuation
correction, quenching and equalization correction are described detailedly in
this paper after a brief description of the structure and operational principle
of the PSD. Our results show that the PSD works very well and almost all the
elements in cosmic rays from H to Fe are clearly identified in the charge
spectrum.Comment: 20 pages, 4 figure
Slope-based shape cluster method for smart metering load profiles
Cluster analysis is used to study the group of load profiles from smart meters to improve the operability in distribution network. The traditional K-means clustering analysis method employs Euclidean distance as similarity measurement, which is insufficient in reflecting the shape similarities of load profiles. In this work, we propose a novel shape cluster method based on the segmented slope of load profiles. Compared with traditional K-means and two improved algorithms, the proposed method can improve the clustering accuracy and efficiency by capturing the shape features of smart metering load profiles
Multidifferential study of identified charged hadron distributions in -tagged jets in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV
Jet fragmentation functions are measured for the first time in proton-proton
collisions for charged pions, kaons, and protons within jets recoiling against
a boson. The charged-hadron distributions are studied longitudinally and
transversely to the jet direction for jets with transverse momentum 20 GeV and in the pseudorapidity range . The
data sample was collected with the LHCb experiment at a center-of-mass energy
of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.64 fb. Triple
differential distributions as a function of the hadron longitudinal momentum
fraction, hadron transverse momentum, and jet transverse momentum are also
measured for the first time. This helps constrain transverse-momentum-dependent
fragmentation functions. Differences in the shapes and magnitudes of the
measured distributions for the different hadron species provide insights into
the hadronization process for jets predominantly initiated by light quarks.Comment: All figures and tables, along with machine-readable versions and any
supplementary material and additional information, are available at
https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2022-013.html (LHCb
public pages
Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density
Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data
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