Synthesis of Tetraphenyl-Substituted [12]Cycloparaphenylene: Toward a Rationally Designed Ultrashort Carbon Nanotube

The first phenyl-substituted [<i>n</i>]­cycloparaphenylene (<b>1</b>) has been synthesized. The preparation of this structure addresses several challenges toward a more elaborate phenyl-substituted [<i>n</i>]­cycloparaphenylene (<b>2</b>), a molecule that may lead to the homogeneous synthesis of armchair carbon nanotubes

QTL mapping of selenium content using a RIL population in wheat

<div><p>Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element that plays various roles in human health. Understanding the genetic control of Se content and quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping provide a basis for Se biofortification of wheat to enhance grain Se content. In the present study, a set of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from two Chinese winter wheat varieties (Tainong18 and Linmai6) was used to detect QTLs for Se content in hydroponic and field trials. In total, 16 QTLs for six Se content-related traits were detected on eight chromosomes, 1B, 2B, 4B, 5A, 5B, 5D, 6A, and 7D. Of these, seven QTLs were detected at the seedling stage and nine at the adult stage. The contribution of each QTL to Se content ranged from 7.37% to 20.22%. <i>QSsece-7D</i>.<i>2</i>, located between marker loci D-3033829 and D-1668160, had the highest contribution (20.22%). This study helps in understanding the genetic basis for Se contents and will provide a basis for gene mapping of Se content in wheat.</p></div

Additive QTLs for Se efficiency traits at seedling stage under different Se treatments in hydroponic culture.

<p>Additive QTLs for Se efficiency traits at seedling stage under different Se treatments in hydroponic culture.</p

Chromosomal locations of 16 QTLs for the investigated traits based on RILs derived from the cross “TN18 × LM6”.

<p>(A) QTLs are indicated on the right side of each chromosome. LOD threshold was set at 3.0. (B) QRsece, QSsece, QRsec, QSsec, QGsece, and QGsec are QTLs for root Se concentration, shoot Se concentration, root Se content per plant, shoot Se content per plant, grain Se concentration, and grain Se content per plant, respectively.</p

Summary statistics of the phenotypic performance for Se content for the RILs and their parents.

<p>Summary statistics of the phenotypic performance for Se content for the RILs and their parents.</p

ANOVA results of the investigated traits.

<p>ANOVA results of the investigated traits.</p

Tuning the Interfacial Thermal Conductance between Polystyrene and Sapphire by Controlling the Interfacial Adhesion

In polymer-based electric microdevices, thermal transport across polymer/ceramic interface is essential for heat dissipation, which limits the improvement of the device performance and lifetime. In this work, four sets of polystyrene (PS) thin films/sapphire samples were prepared with different interface adhesion values, which was achieved by changing the rotation speeds in the spin-coating process. The interfacial thermal conductance (ITC) between the PS films and the sapphire were measured by time domain thermoreflectance method, and the interfacial adhesion between the PS films and the sapphire, as measured by a scratch tester, was found to increase with the rotation speed from 2000 to 8000 rpm. The ITC shows a similar dependence on the rotation speed, increasing up to a 3-fold from 7.0 ± 1.4 to 21.0 ± 4.2 MW/(m² K). This study demonstrates the role of spin-coating rotation speed in thermal transport across the polymer/ceramic interfaces, evoking a much simpler mechanical method for tuning this type of ITC. The findings of enhancement of the ITC of polymer/ceramic interface can shed some light on the thermal management and reliability of macro- and microelectronics, where polymeric and hybrid organic–inorganic nano films are employed

Independent risk factors for hypoxemia: Multivariant analysis (Continued).

<p><i>CHF</i> Chronic Heart Failure, <i>COPD</i> Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, <i>EGD</i> Esophagogastroduodenoscopy, <i>GI</i> gastrointestinal.</p

Overall statistical description for categorical variables (n = 4904).

<p><i>CHF</i> Chronic Heart Failure, <i>COPD</i> Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, <i>EGD</i> Esophagogastroduodenoscopy, <i>GI</i> gastrointestinal.</p><p>n (%) are presented in the table.</p

The relation between odd ratio of hypoxemia and body mass index.

<p>The relation between odd ratio of hypoxemia and body mass index.</p