Global phase diagram of three-dimensional extended Boson Hubbard model - a continuous time Quantum Monte Carlo study

We present the global phase diagram of the extended boson Hubbard model on a simple cubic lattice by quantum Monte Carlo simulation with worm update algorithm. Four kinds of phases are supported by this model, including superfluid, supersolid, Mott, and charge density wave (CDW) states, which are identified in the phase diagram of chemical potential $\mu$ versus nearest neighbor interaction V . By changing the chemical potential, a continuous transition is found from the Mott phase to a superfluid phase without breaking the translational symmetry. For an insulating CDW state, adding particles to it gives rise to a continuous transition to a supersolid phase, while removing particles usually leads to a first-order one to either supersolid or superfluid phase. By tuning the nearest neighbor interaction, one can realize the transition between two insulating phases, Mott and CDW with the same particle density, which turns out to be of the first-order. We also demonstrate that a supersolid phase with average particle density less than 1/2 can exist in a small region of $\mu$ - V phase diagram

RESEARCH AND APPLICATION OF U-BIT CONSTRUCTION METHOD IN SUBWAY STATION ENGINEERING LOCATED IN SATURATED SOFT SOIL AREA

In order to solve the problems existing in the construction of underground structures located in the downtown of saturated soft soil area, such as insufficient construction site, complex adjacent structures and great impact on the surrounding environment, the construction method of underground bundled integrate tunnel(U-BIT) is proposed. In this method, after steel pipes jacking completed, concrete is filled into the pipes, and prestress is tensioned to make each independent pipe combined to form a whole bearing structure, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the size of structural components, improving the structural stiffness and bearing capacity. Based on the structural mechanical properties test and the project of Wuding Road Station of Shanghai Metro Line 14, the failure mechanism of bundled integrate structure, the tension technology of prestressed tendons in narrow space and the variation rules of ground surface subsidence are systematically studied. The research shows that structural seam sections will be destroyed before pipe sections, so ensuring the mechanical performance of seam sections is very important to make sure the structural safety. Since each independent pipe is combined to form an overall stable structure under the prestress effect, the subsequent soil excavation has little influence on the tension of prestressed tendons and ground surface deformation. Therefore, the above construction method can control the ground surface subsidence effectively and reduce the influence of underground engineering construction on the surrounding environment.  &nbsp

Cognitive Mirage: A Review of Hallucinations in Large Language Models

As large language models continue to develop in the field of AI, text generation systems are susceptible to a worrisome phenomenon known as hallucination. In this study, we summarize recent compelling insights into hallucinations in LLMs. We present a novel taxonomy of hallucinations from various text generation tasks, thus provide theoretical insights, detection methods and improvement approaches. Based on this, future research directions are proposed. Our contribution are threefold: (1) We provide a detailed and complete taxonomy for hallucinations appearing in text generation tasks; (2) We provide theoretical analyses of hallucinations in LLMs and provide existing detection and improvement methods; (3) We propose several research directions that can be developed in the future. As hallucinations garner significant attention from the community, we will maintain updates on relevant research progress.Comment: work in progress; 21 page

Research on the Standardization of Drug Test Data

In order to solve the problems that test data of the drug control institution is not standardized and low quality, the data exchange and information sharing are realized, the data value is mined and the information level is improved. Method: combined with the business of control institution and information practice, refer to the practice of relevant standard development; carry out the research on standard development work from the content, principle and process. Result and conclusion: this research completes development of the local standard of Guangdong drug test data, which can provide reference for the development of similar standards in future

Molecular analysis of phosphomannomutase (PMM) genes reveals a unique PMM duplication event in diverse Triticeae species and the main PMM isozymes in bread wheat tissues

BACKGROUND: Phosphomannomutase (PMM) is an essential enzyme in eukaryotes. However, little is known about PMM gene and function in crop plants. Here, we report molecular evolutionary and biochemical analysis of PMM genes in bread wheat and related Triticeae species. RESULTS: Two sets of homoeologous PMM genes (TaPMM-1 and 2) were found in bread wheat, and two corresponding PMM genes were identified in the diploid progenitors of bread wheat and many other diploid Triticeae species. The duplication event yielding PMM-1 and 2 occurred before the radiation of diploid Triticeae genomes. The PMM gene family in wheat and relatives may evolve largely under purifying selection. Among the six TaPMM genes, the transcript levels of PMM-1 members were comparatively high and their recombinant proteins were all enzymatically active. However, PMM-2 homoeologs exhibited lower transcript levels, two of which were also inactive. TaPMM-A1, B1 and D1 were probably the main active isozymes in bread wheat tissues. The three isozymes differed from their counterparts in barley and Brachypodium distachyon in being more tolerant to elevated test temperatures. CONCLUSION: Our work identified the genes encoding PMM isozymes in bread wheat and relatives, uncovered a unique PMM duplication event in diverse Triticeae species, and revealed the main active PMM isozymes in bread wheat tissues. The knowledge obtained here improves the understanding of PMM evolution in eukaryotic organisms, and may facilitate further investigations of PMM function in the temperature adaptability of bread wheat

Abstract A New Texture-Insensitive Edge Detection Method

In this paper, a novel edge detection method is proposed which can be used to find main edges of objects meanwhile filter edges within texture regions. We first introduce three kinds of edge models and three kinds of non-edge models to represents all the possible condition in the edge detection process. Then, pixel’s window intensity regularity (WIR) is defined which denotes the texture similarity degree around the pixel. And then based on pixel’s WIR a new computation method for image gradient is brought forward, according to which, gradient value within texture regions will be almost eliminated while the reasonable gradient will not be weakened obviously. Finally, Canny-like operator is employed to detect and locate edges. Experimental results demonstrate encouraging performance. 1

Disruption Risk Analysis of Substitutable Dual Product Supply Chain: A System Dynamics Framework

Uncertain events such as earthquakes, epidemics, and wars have increased the risk of supply chain disruption. Due to the needs of carbon reduction policies and environmental protection, a large number of enterprises have started to produce both traditional and green products. Studying the issue of supply chain disruption for such enterprises has significant practical significance. We have developed a system dynamics model for a substitutable dual product supply chain with two levels of supply sources. Through simulation analysis, we found that (1) supply chain disruption can cause fluctuations in the manufacturer’s inventory, and disruptions from second tier suppliers have a higher impact on the manufacturer’s inventory than that from primary suppliers. In addition, the disruption of traditional products will cause consumers to flow to the green product market, resulting in a sudden increase in order for green products and components in a short period of time, causing a delayed impact on the inventory of suppliers and manufacturers of green products. (2) The disruption of upstream suppliers in traditional products causes the highest profit losses for all traditional product suppliers, while the disruption of downstream suppliers in green products causes the highest profit losses for the manufacturer and all green product suppliers. (3) From the perspective of the service level, compared to other components, the disruption of critical components in traditional products poses the highest risk of out of stock in the supply chain, while the risk of out-of-stock in the intermediate component of green product is the smallest. (4) Common sense may suggest that the more the suppliers disrupt, the higher the damage of the supply chain. However, due to the ripple effect, this article finds that from the perspectives of profit, inventory, and service level, multisupplier disruption is not necessarily inferior to single supplier disruption