87,882 research outputs found
Diverse Temporal Properties of GRB Afterglow
The detection of delayed X-ray, optical and radio emission, "afterglow",
associated with -ray bursts (GRBs) is consistent with fireball models,
where the emission are produced by relativistic expanding blast wave, driven by
expanding fireball at cosmogical distances. The emission mechanisms of GRB
afterglow have been discussed by many authors and synchrotron radiation is
believed to be the main mechanism. The observations show that the optical light
curves of two observed gamma-ray bursts, GRB970228 and GRB GRB970508, can be
described by a simple power law, which seems to support the synchrotron
radiation explanation. However, here we shall show that under some
circumstances, the inverse Compton scattering (ICS) may play an important role
in emission spectrum and this may influence the temporal properties of GRB
afterglow. We expect that the light curves of GRB afterglow may consist of
multi-components, which depends on the fireball parameters.Comment: Latex, no figures, minor correctio
Probing the plateau-insulator quantum phase transition in the quantum Hall regime
We report quantum Hall experiments on the plateau-insulator transition in a
low mobility In_{.53} Ga_{.47} As/InP heterostructure. The data for the
longitudinal resistance \rho_{xx} follow an exponential law and we extract a
critical exponent \kappa= .55 \pm .05 which is slightly different from the
established value \kappa = .42 \pm .04 for the plateau transitions. Upon
correction for inhomogeneity effects, which cause the critical conductance
\sigma_{xx}^* to depend marginally on temperature, our data indicate that the
plateau-plateau and plateau- insulator transitions are in the same universality
class.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures (.eps
Effect of atmospheric turbulence on propagation properties of optical vortices formed by using coherent laser beam arrays
In this paper, we consider the effect of the atmospheric turbulence on the
propagation of optical vertex formed from the radial coherent laser beam array,
with the initially well-defined phase distribution. The propagation formula of
the radial coherent laser array passing through the turbulent atmosphere is
analytically derived by using the extended Huygens-Fresnel diffraction
integral. Based on the derived formula, the effect of the atmospheric
turbulence on the propagation properties of such laser arrays has been studied
in great detail. Our main results show that the atmospheric turbulence may
result in the prohibition of the formation of the optical vortex or the
disappearance of the formed optical vortex, which are very different from that
in the free space. The formed optical vortex with the higher topological charge
may propagate over a much longer distance in the moderate or weak turbulent
atmosphere. After the sufficient long-distance atmospheric propagation, all the
output beams (even with initially different phase distributions) finally lose
the vortex property and gradually become the Gaussian-shaped beams, and in this
case the output beams actually become incoherent light fields due to the
decoherence effect of the turbulent atmosphere.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figure
Electronic Interface Reconstruction at Polar-Nonpolar Mott Insulator Heterojunctions
We report on a theoretical study of the electronic interface reconstruction
(EIR) induced by polarity discontinuity at a heterojunction between a polar and
a nonpolar Mott insulators, and of the two-dimensional strongly-correlated
electron systems (2DSCESs) which accompany the reconstruction. We derive an
expression for the minimum number of polar layers required to drive the EIR,
and discuss key parameters of the heterojunction system which control 2DSCES
properties. The role of strong correlations in enhancing confinement at the
interface is emphasized.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures, some typos correcte
Composite Geometric Phase for Multipartite Entangled States
When an entangled state evolves under local unitaries, the entanglement in
the state remains fixed. Here we show the dynamical phase acquired by an
entangled state in such a scenario can always be understood as the sum of the
dynamical phases of its subsystems. In contrast, the equivalent statement for
the geometric phase is not generally true unless the state is separable. For an
entangled state an additional term is present, the mutual geometric phase, that
measures the change the additional correlations present in the entangled state
make to the geometry of the state space. For qubit states we find this
change can be explained solely by classical correlations for states with a
Schmidt decomposition and solely by quantum correlations for W states.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure, improved presentation, results and conclusions
unchanged from v1. Accepted for publication in PR
Nonlinear lift and pressure distribution of slender conical bodies with strakes at low speeds
Nonlinear lift and pressure distribution of slender conical bodies with strakes at low spee
The ordered K-theory of a full extension
Let A be a C*-algebra with real rank zero which has the stable weak
cancellation property. Let I be an ideal of A such that I is stable and
satisfies the corona factorization property. We prove that 0->I->A->A/I->0 is a
full extension if and only if the extension is stenotic and K-lexicographic. As
an immediate application, we extend the classification result for graph
C*-algebras obtained by Tomforde and the first named author to the general
non-unital case. In combination with recent results by Katsura, Tomforde, West
and the first author, our result may also be used to give a purely
K-theoretical description of when an essential extension of two simple and
stable graph C*-algebras is again a graph C*-algebra.Comment: Version IV: No changes to the text. We only report that Theorem 4.9
is not correct as stated. See arXiv:1505.05951 for more details. Since
Theorem 4.9 is an application to the main results of the paper, the main
results of this paper are not affected by the error. Version III comments:
Some typos and errors corrected. Some references adde
Dephasing time in graphene due to interaction with flexural phonons
We investigate decoherence of an electron in graphene caused by
electron-flexural phonon interaction. We find out that flexural phonons can
produce dephasing rate comparable to the electron-electron one. The problem
appears to be quite special because there is a large interval of temperature
where the dephasing induced by phonons can not be obtain using the golden rule.
We evaluate this rate for a wide range of density () and temperature ()
and determine several asymptotic regions with temperature dependence crossing
over from to when
temperature increases. We also find to be a non-monotonous
function of . These distinctive features of the new contribution can provide
an effective way to identify flexural phonons in graphene through the
electronic transport by measuring the weak localization corrections in
magnetoresistance.Comment: 13 pages, 8 figure
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