4,097 research outputs found
Syllable-aware Neural Language Models: A Failure to Beat Character-aware Ones
Syllabification does not seem to improve word-level RNN language modeling
quality when compared to character-based segmentation. However, our best
syllable-aware language model, achieving performance comparable to the
competitive character-aware model, has 18%-33% fewer parameters and is trained
1.2-2.2 times faster.Comment: EMNLP 201
ROMANTIC ATTACHMENT AMONG YOUNG ADULTS: THE EFFECTS OF PARENTAL DIVORCE AND RESIDENTIAL INSTABILITY
Using an attachment theory perspective, variation in adult romantic attachment style outcomes were examined according to childhood experiences of parental divorce and residential instability. The sample was comprised of 172 individuals in the young adulthood developmental stage that were recruited using snowball sampling via online social networking. Participants completed an online survey containing the 36-item Experiences in Close Relationships scale and 28 author-developed items. The majority of the sample reported stable and predictable living arrangements as children. Those whose parents had divorced reported higher levels of parental conflict during their childhood than those whose parents had never divorced or separated. There was no statistical difference on adult romantic attachment style score between individuals who experience parental divorce or separation and those who did not. Parental conflict and stability of residence patterns did not have a statistically significant impact on attachment avoidance or anxiety. For participants whose parents had divorced or separated, conflict, residential stability, and time with nonresidential parent statistically improved the predictive ability of attachment anxiety. Specifically, time with nonresidential parent moderated adult romantic attachment anxiety
Practices Used by Dairy Farmers to Reduce Seasonal Production Variability
The objective of this analysis was to identify the production practices used by farmers to change seasonal production. Production practices included milk production per cow, proportion of cows milking, number of first lactation animals entering the herd, number of cows leaving the herd, number of days to first breeding, and calves born. Farms that participated in a seasonal pricing plan during 1993, 1994, and 1995 decreased production practice seasonality in response to price premiums, which caused a decrease in production seasonality compared to nonparticipating farms. Participating farms showed a preference for adjusting entering first lactation animals and number of calves born, but did make adjustments in other practices as well.Livestock Production/Industries,
Optimizing the B.O.B.
The Kennesaw State University Department of Transportation manages the Big Owl Bus (B.O.B.). The B.O.B. has 9 routes which provide transportation around and between the Kennesaw and Marietta campuses, as well as to select off-campus apartment complexes and shopping centers. We utilized a number of methodologies to recommend improvements to the efficiency and accessibility of the B.O.B. We first used the vehicle routing problem to develop a binary integer linear programming model. This allowed us to determine a new set of routes that minimize total travel time across the routes. Next, we developed an integer non-linear programming model to assign a set of buses to each of the new routes, with the goal of minimizing overall cost. Performing a sensitivity analysis of our solution allowed our recommendations to be more robust. We then created a simulation model to verify our solution. We performed a financial analysis and conducted student surveys and driver interviews to inform our recommendations
Connectivity differences between Gulf War Illness (GWI) phenotypes during a test of attention
One quarter of veterans returning from the 1990–1991 Persian Gulf War have developed Gulf War Illness (GWI) with chronic pain, fatigue, cognitive and gastrointestinal dysfunction. Exertion leads to characteristic, delayed onset exacerbations that are not relieved by sleep. We have modeled exertional exhaustion by comparing magnetic resonance images from before and after submaximal exercise. One third of the 27 GWI participants had brain stem atrophy and developed postural tachycardia after exercise (START: Stress Test Activated Reversible Tachycardia). The remainder activated basal ganglia and anterior insulae during a cognitive task (STOPP: Stress Test Originated Phantom Perception). Here, the role of attention in cognitive dysfunction was assessed by seed region correlations during a simple 0-back stimulus matching task (“see a letter, push a button”) performed before exercise. Analysis was analogous to resting state, but different from psychophysiological interactions (PPI). The patterns of correlations between nodes in task and default networks were significantly different for START (n = 9), STOPP (n = 18) and control (n = 8) subjects. Edges shared by the 3 groups may represent co-activation caused by the 0-back task. Controls had a task network of right dorsolateral and left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, posterior insulae and frontal eye fields (dorsal attention network). START had a large task module centered on the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex with direct links to basal ganglia, anterior insulae, and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex nodes, and through dorsal attention network (intraparietal sulci and frontal eye fields) nodes to a default module. STOPP had 2 task submodules of basal ganglia–anterior insulae, and dorsolateral prefrontal executive control regions. Dorsal attention and posterior insulae nodes were embedded in the default module and were distant from the task networks. These three unique connectivity patterns during an attention task support the concept of Gulf War Disease with recognizable, objective patterns of cognitive dysfunction
Using a Role-Driven Race Equity Reform Approach to Mitigate the Effects of America\u27s History of Racism on Food Insecurity
Abstract
Food insecurity, or the lack of reliable access to sufficient quantities of nutritious food, affects African Americans and other minorities disproportionately. This paper examines how America’s history of racism created and sustains the Nation’s racially disparate food system. Food insecurity contributes to hunger. This paper contemplates disparities in other American systems, including education and criminal justice, as exemplars of the broader ramifications of hunger. Finally, the paper examines the potential of individual action to address problems in any system. It champions the adoption of a role-driven race equity reform strategy as a tool to confront the current food insecurity. The strategy emphasizes the capacity of individuals to use the inherent authority of roles at any level of an organization to create change. The paper contends that individual actors, both within and without the food system, can work toward achieving more equitable outcomes in the Nation’s food system
Varieties of vacua in classical supersymmetric gauge theories
We give a simple description of the classical moduli space of vacua for
supersymmetric gauge theories with or without a superpotential. The key
ingredient in our analysis is the observation that the lagrangian is invariant
under the action of the complexified gauge group \Gc. From this point of view
the usual -flatness conditions are an artifact of Wess--Zumino gauge. By
using a gauge that preserves \Gc invariance we show that every constant
matter field configuration that extremizes the superpotential is \Gc
gauge-equivalent (in a sense that we make precise) to a unique classical
vacuum. This result is used to prove that in the absence of a superpotential
the classical moduli space is the algebraic variety described by the set of all
holomorphic gauge-invariant polynomials. When a superpotential is present, we
show that the classical moduli space is a variety defined by imposing
additional relations on the holomorphic polynomials. Many of these points are
already contained in the existing literature. The main contribution of the
present work is that we give a careful and self-contained treatment of limit
points and singularities.Comment: 14 pages, LaTeX (uses revtex.sty
PARTICIPATION OF IN AND OUT OF SCHOOL YOUTH IN DECISION-MAKING ON SHOWCASING SUCCESS STORIES BY YOUNG AGRI-PRENEURS FOR MOTIVATION TO IMPLEMENT AGRICULTURAL PROGRAMMES
The study was carried out to evaluate influence of participation of in and out of school youth in decision-making on showcasing success stories by young agri-preneurs for motivation of adolescents in rural areas to implement agricultural programmes for self-reliance.  The first objective evaluated influence of the level of exposure to showcasing success stories on the level of implementation using a likert scale coded 1 to 10. The second objective determined how youth in and out of school rated strategies proposed to increase their participation in decision making on showcasing success stories using a 5 point rating scale. The study was carried out in Kisii and Nyamira counties region, Kenya in 2019-2021. Survey research design was used. Stratified, purposive and simple random procedures were applied in sampling of respondents. The in-school youth comprised of fourth forms enrolled in school agriculture for the Kenya certificate of secondary education examination (KCSE).  There were 361 youth sampled from 36 secondary schools of 3 different categories. The out of school youth consisted of 161 young people out of 280, that had similarly studied agriculture in their schooling days and are registered with 75 youth groups promoting agricultural activities for livelihood. The schools and youth groups are spread in 5 differrent farm types typical of Kenyan farming systems. The farm types were used as sampling points to provide varied segments of youth in exposure to farming activities, opportunities for livelihood and challenges in the application of vocational skills acquired in school agriculture for self-reliance. Results show that gender of youth in and out of school does not have a significant difference in the level of participation in decision making on showcasing success stories in agripreneurship. School youth were significantly more exposed to success stories than out of school. Youth in and out of school were in concurrence that strategies 5, 6, 4 and 3 were more significantly very important than the rest in increasing their participation in decision making in showcasing events. Strategy 5 on decision making is rated as outstanding by both in-and-out of school youth. The strategy 5 prioritizes formation of agribusiness clubs at community level in rural areas where successful agri-preneurs could mentor the out of school youth, share ideas, and experiences to motivate them and acquire more and specialized agricultural vocational skills for livelihood. There is  a positive significant and linear correlation between the level of participation in decision making on showcasing success stories in agripreneurship and the level of implementation of agricultural  programmes by youth in (R = 0.30, p < 0.01) and out (R = 0.438762, p < 0.01) of school. So, showcasing success stories could considerably contribute to learning experiences, acquisition of more and specialized skills, and motivate implementation of the programmes for self-reliance.
Keywords: youth participation, decision-making, showcasing agripreneur
A perturbative analysis of tachyon condensation
Tachyon condensation in the open bosonic string is analyzed using a
perturbative expansion of the tachyon potential around the unstable D25-brane
vacuum. Using the leading terms in the tachyon potential, Pad\'e approximants
can apparently give the energy of the stable vacuum to arbitrarily good
accuracy. Level-truncation approximations up to level 10 for the coefficients
in the tachyon potential are extrapolated to higher levels and used to find
approximants for the full potential. At level 14 and above, the resulting
approximants give an energy less than -1 in units of the D25-brane tension, in
agreement with recent level-truncation results by Gaiotto and Rastelli. The
extrapolated energy continues to decrease below -1 until reaching a minimum
near level 26, after which the energy turns around and begins to approach -1
from below. Within the accuracy of this method, these results are completely
consistent with an energy which approaches -1 as the level of truncation is
taken to be arbitrarily large.Comment: 8 pages, 3 eps figures, Latex; v2: typo correcte
On parity functions in conformal field theories
We examine general aspects of parity functions arising in rational conformal
field theories, as a result of Galois theoretic properties of modular
transformations. We focus more specifically on parity functions associated with
affine Lie algebras, for which we give two efficient formulas. We investigate
the consequences of these for the modular invariance problem.Comment: 18 pages, no figure, LaTeX2
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