ACUTE EFFECTS OF BAREFOOT RUNNING ON LOWER LIMB KINEMATICS AND SPATIOTEMPORAL VARIABLES IN HABITUALLY SHOD MALES

The aim of this study was to examine the immediate effects of barefoot running on lower limb joint kinematics and stride patterns in a group of habitually shod runners. Ten male runners performed 1 minute bouts of treadmill running at 3 fixed velocities in both shod and barefoot conditions. 2D video kinematic data were recorded and 6 discrete markers were digitized in order to quantify ankle, knee and hip kinematics. Synchronous kinetic data were recorded from a force plate supporting the right posterior treadmill leg in order to quantify spatiotemporal variables. BF running resulted in significantly higher stride frequency and shorter ground contact times. In addition, BF running significantly reduced knee and hip but increased ankle range of motion during the absorptive phase of the stance. The results highlight that running mechanics can change in as little as 30 seconds of BF running

Senior Recital, Neil Walters, double bass

The presentation of this senior recital will fulfill in part the requirements for the Bachelor of Music degree in Performance. Neil Walters studies double bass with Kelly Ali

Conceptualizing the Changing Faces of Pilgrimage Through Contemporary Tourism

This paper aims to conceptualize the pilgrimage and tourism relationship in the contemporary world. As the boundaries between pilgrimage and tourism have become blurred, there is a need to find a more holistic way to understand the nuances of the pilgrimage-tourism relationship. This conceptual paper argues that pilgrimage offers a stage for rejuvenation in the contemporary era. In the 21st Century, the concept of pilgrimage travel has re-emerged in tourism with a new identity that goes beyond the idea of pilgrimage as a journey to a sacred place. Building on this recognition, this paper provides a conceptual framework that emphasizes the linkages between pilgrimage and contemporary tourism using three core elements: meaning, ritual, and transformation. This framework allows broader interpretations of pilgrimage travel in different phenomena of tourism in the contemporary era

The African plants initiative (API) in South Africa

Given the ongoing and often destructive impact of humans on the natural environment, the need for sound and robust taxonomies has become critically important (see for example Godfray & Knapp, 2004). The difficulty with naming organisms is especially acute in African countries, where resources and facilities for taxonomic research are limited (Klopper & al., 2002), and biodiversity is usually relatively high. South Africa, for example, incorporates the world’s richest temperate flora with 19,581 indigenous plant species from 2267 genera and 349 families of vascular plants (Germishuizen & al., 2006; Steenkamp & Smith, 2006). Approximately 65% of the country’s vascular plant species are endemic (Raimondo & al., 2009), with many occurring in its three regions and 15 centres of plant endemism (Van Wyk & Smith, 2001). Expertise as well as preserved and living material of the biodiversity of developing nations—typically former colonies of imperialist nations—are often located in developed countries and not available in the country of origin (Figueiredo & Smith, 2010). The CBD recognises this impediment and in Article 17 calls on signatory parties to exchange and repatriate information to facilitate research (Global Taxonomy Initiative, 2001). To overcome the obstacle of having to physically ship valuable—and essentially irreplaceable—pressed plant specimens between herbaria around the world, the African Plants Initiative (API) was conceived. The notion was to scan type specimens and make electronic images of them available online. This approach efficiently enables both virtual repatriation of information, and access by researchers of other herbaria to the most important accessioned material, thus removing some of the constraints to taxonomic work. It has been six years since the inception of the API, and this paper reports on its achievements in South Africa, one of the founding countries of the thrust

Kalanchoe winteri Gideon F.Sm., N.R.Crouch & Mich.Walters (Crassulaceae), a new species from the Wolkberg Centre of Endemism, South Africa

A new Kalanchoe species, K. winteri Gideon F.Sm., N.R.Crouch & Mich.Walters, is described from rocky grasslands of the Wolkberg region of Limpopo province, South Africa. The species is closely allied to both K. thyrsiflora Harv. and K. luciae Raym.-Hamet, from which it is readily separable on vegetative and reproductive characteristics.Eine neue Kalanchoe-Art, K. winteri Gideon F. Sm., N. R. Crouch & Mich.Walters, wird aus felsigen Grasländern der Wolkberg- Region in der Provinz Limpopo, Südafrika, beschrieben. Die Art ist nah mit K. thyrsiflora Harv. und K. luciae Raym.-Hamet verwandt, von denen sie leicht durch vegetative und generative Merkmale unterschieden werden kann.http://www.bcss.org.uk/brad.phpam2017Centre for Wildlife Managemen

Mechanical and hydrologic basis for the rapid motion of a large tidewater glacier: 1. Observations

Measurements of glacier flow velocity and basal water pressure at two sites on Columbia Glacier, Alaska, are combined with meteorological and hydrologic data to provide an observational basis for assessing the role of water storage and basal water pressure in the rapid movement of this large glacier. During the period from July 5 to August 31, 1987, coordinated observations were made of glacier surface motion and of water level in five boreholes drilled to (or in one case near to) the glacier bed at two sites, 5 and 12 km from the terminus. Glacier velocities increased downglacier in this reach from about 4 m d^−1 to about 7 m d^−1. Three types of time variation in velocity and other variables were revealed: (1) Diurnal fluctuation in water input/output, borehole water level, and ice velocity (fluctuation amplitude 5 to 8%); (2) Speed-up events in glacier motion (15–30% speed up), lasting about 3 days, and occurring at times of enhanced input of water, in some cases from rain and in others from ice ablation enhanced by strong, warm winds; (3) “Extra-slowdown” events, in which, after a speed-up event, the ice velocity decreased in about 3 days to a level consistently lower than that prior to the speed-up event. All of the time variations in velocity were due, directly or indirectly, to variations in water input to the glacier. The role of basal water in causing the observed glacier motions is interpreted by Kamb et al. (this issue)