83 research outputs found
Ocena efektywności kadry kierowniczej w przedsiębiorstwie
"Efektywność każdej organizacji zależy nie tylko od wydajności pracy jej poszczególnych
struktur, lecz przede wszystkim od efektywnej pracy kierownika (szerzej
kierownictwa organizacji), który ustala cele, przydziela zadania, przygotowuje warunki
działania oraz koordynuje działania wielu podmiotów w czasie i przestrzeni."(...
Examination of distribution of trace elements in hair, fingernails and toenails as alternative biological materials : application of chemometric methods
The aim of this study was to find correlations between several studied elements and analyzed materials as well as the application
and validation of an analytical method to determine trace elements in hair, fingernails and toenails of healthy volunteers (normal
concentration). The method developed covers washing, mineralization and ICP- MS determination of 10 elements (Ca, Cd, Co, Cr,
Cu, Fe, Mg, Ni, Pb and Zn) in hair and nails. Concentrations of the selected elements in hair, fingernails and toenails were measured
for 24 women and 18 men. Furthermore, a chemometric approach (Principal Component Analysis, PCA) was employed to evaluate
the correlations between concentrations of the elements in hair and nails and between these materials. Until now PCA has not been
frequently applied in handling and interpretation of the results of analysis of biological materials. However, the results of the present
investigation show the high potential of PCA in extraction of valuable information from analytical measurements. Additionally, PCA
has become a useful tool for visualization of the obtained results. Moreover, the cluster analysis (CA) was used to group the samples
according to gender, taking into account two different groups of elements: essential and toxic
Trace elements’ uptake and antioxidant response to excess of manganese in in vitro cells of sensitive and tolerant wheat
Membrane permeability and micro- and macroelement accumulation in spring wheat cultivars during the short-term effect of salinity- and PEG-induced water stress
The comparative responses of ten spring wheat
cultivars to water stress were investigated. Wheat plants
were cultured under hydroponics conditions (Hoagland
nutrient) to the stage of three-leaf seedlings. Then, the
water medium was supplemented with PEG (drought) or
NaCl (salinity) to obtain a water status equal to
-
1.5 MPa.
After a 2-day treatment, the changes in the following
parameters were determined: fresh and dry weight, macro-
and microelement accumulation, membrane injury (elec-
trolyte leakage, lipid peroxidation) and fatty acid content of
the phospholipid fraction of plasmalemma (in comparison
to plants not stressed, taken as a control). Generally, the
plants were more significantly influenced by water stress
stimulated by PEG than by NaCl treatment, as compared to
the plants cultivated in the control media. The results of the
decrease in water content in leaves and electrolyte leakage
from cells corresponded well with the intensity of lipid
peroxidation (determined by malondialdehyde—MDA-
content) and were chosen for the selection of investigated
genotypes for tolerance to both stresses. The more tolerant
genotypes exhibited the opposite changes in phospholipid
fatty acid unsaturation for two applied stresses i.e. NaCl treatment caused a decrease in unsaturation whereas in
PEG-treated plants an increase in unsaturation was
observed. These changes were reversed for less tolerant
plants, i.e. NaCl treatment influenced an increase in fatty
acid unsaturation whereas in PEG-treated plants a decrease
in unsaturation was measured. The ratio of U/S (unsatu-
rated to saturated fatty acids) correlated with the total
amount of accumulated macroelements. The content of
Mg, Ca and S in leaves of plants undergoing both stress
factors (NaCl and PEG) dropped whereas the K and P
content increased in leaves of wheat seedlings cultured on
media containing NaCl only. For microelements, a
decrease in the accumulation of these nutrients was
detected in all investigated seedlings. However, a greater
reduction in the level of these elements occurred in seed-
lings grown on media with PEG in comparison to those
grown on NaCl containing media
Trace elements and rat pouchitis
The procedure of restorative proctocolectomy is associated with a complete removal of the colon and slight reduction of ileum length, which together can lead to systemic shortages of trace elements. Inflammatory changes in the pouch mucosa may also have some impact. However, there is no data on trace elements in pouchitis. Therefore, in the present study we aimed to assess the effect of acute pouchitis on the status of selected trace elements in rats. Restorative proctocolectomy with the construction of intestinal J-pouch was performed in twenty-four Wistar rats. Three weeks after the surgery, pouchitis was induced. Eight untreated rats created the control group. Liver concentrations of selected micronutrients (Zn, Cu, Co, Mn, Se) were measured in both groups six weeks later, using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Liver concentrations of trace elements did not differ between the study and the control groups. However, copper, cobalt and selenium concentrations [μg/g] were statistically lower (p<0.02, p<0.05 and p<0.04, respectively) in rats with severe pouchitis (n=9) as compared with rats with mild pouchitis (n=7) [median (range): Cu - 7.05 (3.02-14.57) vs 10.47 (5.16-14.97); Co - 0.55 (0.37-0.96) vs 0.61 (0.52-0.86); Se - 1.17 (0.69-1.54) vs 1.18 (0.29-1.91)]. In conclusion, it seems that acute pouchitis can lead to a significant deficiency of trace elements
Response of chloroplasts of tolerant and sensitive wheat genotypes to manganese excess : structural and biochemical properties
Essential and toxic metals in oral fluid : a potential role in the diagnosis of periodontal diseases
Recently, many studies have investigated the relationship between the level of metals in the body and various diseases. The objective of this study was to examine any possible influence of periodontal disease upon the concentration of metals in oral fluid and blood and to explore the usability of applying cluster analysis coupled with the analysis of selected elements in oral fluid, calcium (Ca), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb), for effectively distinguishing people affected by periodontitis from healthy individuals. The quantification of eight metals in oral fluid and blood samples was performed by two inductively coupled plasma techniques–inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Most of the examined elements were detected at elevated concentration in the oral fluid of periodontal patients. However, the differences were statistically significant in the case of three metals: Cu, Mg and Mn (p < 0.05). Approximately, fivefold increase in the concentration of Cu, threefold-elevated levels of Mn and a twofold increase in the concentration of Mg were found in the oral fluid of the periodontal patients compared to the controls. Cluster analysis confirmed the statistical significance of the differences in the level of metals in the oral fluid between the two groups in most cases, plus enabled the correct classification of the subjects into patients and controls. The relationship between concentrations of metals and periodontal disease may in the future serve to prevent the development of such disease
Metal concentrations in hair of patients with various head and neck cancers as a diagnostic aid
Head and neck cancers are one of the most frequent cancers worldwide. This paper attempts to evaluate disturbances of homeostasis of the necessary elements (calcium, magnesium, zinc, copper, iron, manganese) and changes in the levels of toxic metals (lead, cadmium, cobalt, chromium VI) in hair of patients with head and neck cancers, as well as people without a diagnosed neoplastic disease. In order to quantify the necessary elements and toxic metals, a method using ICP-MS and ICP-OES techniques had been developed and validated. The studies have shown that patients with head and neck cancer used to drink alcohol and smoked much more frequently than healthy individuals, both in the past and presently. Statistically significant differences in concentrations of average metal content in the group of patients with head and neck cancers compared to the control group were confirmed. Significant differences in metal content between the group of patients with head and neck cancers and healthy individuals were found which enabled distinguishing between the study groups. To this end, a more advanced statistical tool, i.e. chemometrics, was used. The conducted research analyses and the use of advanced statistical techniques confirm the benefits of using alternative material to distinguish the patients with head and neck cancers from the healthy individuals
Contemporary Dilemmas of Management
Praca recenzowana / Peer-reviewed paperThe presented publication contains the articles maintaining widely understood
problem of Organization Management. The notion of Management demands nowadays
to undertook the interpretation of many important questions, such as: the
way of influencing inferiors, the values commonly shared by random community,
importance of culture, role of information, communication problems as a source
of ideas concerning possible improvement of enterprise functioning effectiveness
and marketing actions
Membrane permeability and micro- and macroelement accumulation in spring wheat cultivars during the short-term effect of salinity- and PEG-induced water stress
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