12,895 research outputs found
Multi-Phase Gas Dynamics in a Weak Barred Potential
The structure of the interstellar medium in the central kpc region of a
galaxy with a weak bar-like potential is investigated taking into account
realistic cooling and heating processes and the self-gravity of the gas. Using
high resolution hydrodynamical simulations, it is revealed that the resonant
structures (e.g. smooth spiral shocks and a nuclear ring) are very different
from those seen in past numerical models where simple models of the ISM, i.e.
non-self-gravitating, isothermal gas were assumed. We find that the pc-scale
filaments and clumps form large scale spirals, which resemble those seen in
real galaxies. The fine structures are different between the arms and in the
nuclear region. The next generation millimeter interferometer (ALMA) may reveal
the fine structures of the cold gas in nearby galaxies. We also find a large
scale anisotropy in the gas temperature, which is caused due to non-circular
velocity field of the gas.The damped orbit model based on the epicyclic
approximation explains the distribution of the hot (> 10^4 K) and cold (< 100
K) gases appearing alternately around the galactic center. Because of the
temperature anisotropy, cold gases observed by molecular lines do not
necessarily represent the real gas distribution in galaxies. Position-Velocity
diagrams depend strongly on the viewing angles. As a result, the rotational
velocity inferred from the PV maps could be two times larger or smaller than
the true circular velocity.Comment: 7 pages, 8 figures, to appear in PASJ, vol. 56, no.6 (2001
Non-equilibrium hydrodynamics of a rotating filament
The nonlinear dynamics of an elastic filament that is forced to rotate at its
base is studied by hydrodynamic simulation techniques; coupling between
stretch, bend, twist elasticity and thermal fluctuations is included. The
twirling-overwhirling transition is located and found to be strongly
discontinuous. For finite bend and twist persistence length, thermal
fluctuations lower the threshold rotational frequency, for infinite persistence
length the threshold agrees with previous analytical predictions
Comparisons of monthly mean cosmic ray counting rates observes from worldwide network of neutron monitors
In order to examine the stability of neutron monitor observation, each of the monthly average counting rates of a neutron monitors is correlated to those of Kiel neutron monitor. The regression coefficients thus obtained are compared with the coupling coefficients of isotropic intensity radiation. The results of the comparisons for five year periods during 1963 to 1982, and for whole period are given. The variation spectrum with a single power law with an exponent of -0.75 up to 50 GV is not so unsatisfactory one. More than one half of the stations show correlations with the coefficient greater than 0.9. Some stations have shifted the level of mean counting rates by changing the instrumental characteristics which can be adjusted
Discrete elastic model for stretching-induced flagellar polymorphs
Force-induced reversible transformations between coiled and normal polymorphs
of bacterial flagella have been observed in recent optical-tweezer experiment.
We introduce a discrete elastic rod model with two competing helical states
governed by a fluctuating spin-like variable that represents the underlying
conformational states of flagellin monomers. Using hybrid Brownian dynamics
Monte-Carlo simulations, we show that a helix undergoes shape transitions
dominated by domain wall nucleation and motion in response to externally
applied uniaxial tension. A scaling argument for the critical force is
presented in good agreement with experimental and simulation results.
Stretching rate-dependent elasticity including a buckling instability are
found, also consistent with the experiment
Development and correlation: Viking Orbiter analytical dynamic model with modal test
The Viking Orbiter (VO) experience in the achievement of a mathematical model is described along with the following project activities: (1) the generation of the overall plan for load analysis, an analytical dynamic model, and development tests; (2) the performance of VO subsystem static and modal tests; and (3) the correlation of the VO system model analysis and test. Success is attributed to the coordination of analysis and test using substructure modal coupling techniques
Derivation of the Quantum Probability Rule without the Frequency Operator
We present an alternative frequencists' proof of the quantum probability rule
which does not make use of the frequency operator, with expectation that this
can circumvent the recent criticism against the previous proofs which use it.
We also argue that avoiding the frequency operator is not only for technical
merits for doing so but is closely related to what quantum mechanics is all
about from the viewpoint of many-world interpretation.Comment: 12 page
Investigation of the dc-excited xenon laser final report, 24 mar. 1964 - 24 mar. 1965
Electron energy spectra in gas laser discharges and investigation of new discharge configuration
The Global Structure and Evolution of a Self-Gravitating Multi-phase Interstellar Medium in a Galactic Disk
Using high resolution, two-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations, we
investigate the evolution of a self-gravitating multi-phase interstellar medium
in the central kiloparsec region of a galactic disk. We find that a
gravitationally and thermally unstable disk evolves, in a self-stabilizing
manner, into a globally quasi-stable disk that consists of cold (T < 100 K),
dense clumps and filaments surrounded by hot (T > 10^4 K), diffuse medium. The
quasi-stationary, filamentary structure of the cold gas is remarkable. The hot
gas, characterized by low-density holes and voids, is produced by shock
heating. The shocks derive their energy from differential rotation and
gravitational perturbations due to the formation of cold dense clumps. In the
quasi-stable phase where cold and dense clouds are formed, the effective
stability parameter, Q, has a value in the range 2-5. The dynamic range of our
multi-phase calculations is 10^6 - 10^7 in both density and temperature. Phase
diagrams for this turbulent medium are analyzed and discussed.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures, ApJ Letters in press (vol. 516
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