SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF CURCUMINOIDS, PIPERINE, AND GALLIC ACID IN AN AYURVEDIC FORMULATION BY VALIDATED HIGH-PERFORMANCE THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHIC METHOD

ABSTRACTObjective: The present study was proposed to quantitatively estimate the amount of three marker compounds; curcuminoids, piperine, and gallicacid in a multicomponent ayurvedic formulation using high-performance thin layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method for routine analytical work.Methods: TLC separation was performed on silica gel 60 F plates using toluene:ethyl acetate:formic acid:methanol (5.6:2.2:1.2:1.0 v/v/v/v) asmobile phase. Plate was developed by to a distance of 90 mm at ambient room temperature with 20 minutes saturation time. Densitometric analysiswas performed at 327 nm. Method was validated as per International Conference on Harmonization Q2 (R1) guideline also.254Results: Piperine, curcuminoids, and gallic acid were separated on TLC at retention factor values of 0.71, 0.61, and 0.29, respectively. The describedmethod was linear over the range of 300-700 ng/spot, 100-300 ng/spot, and 250-550 ng/spot, respectively, for curcuminoids, piperine, and gallicacid. The accuracy of the method was assessed by recovery studies and was found to be 101.71%, 99.67%, and 99.59% for curcuminoids, piperine,and gallic acid, respectively. The amount of curcuminoids, piperine, and gallic acid in the ayurvedic formulation was found to be 3.99% w/w, 1.9%w/w, and 0.8% w/w, respectively, when analyzed quantitatively by developed validated HPTLC method.Conclusion: The method can be used as a tool for quality control of herbal formulation.Keywords: Curcuminoids, Piperine, Gallic acid, High-performance thin layer chromatographic

RATIONAL TYPE CYCLIC CONTRACTION IN -METRIC SPACES

Rational type cyclic contraction via -class function is established in -metric spaces, which can not be reduced to the contractive condition in standard metric spaces. A common fixed-point result is obtained for the pair of (, )-weakly increasing mappings in -metric spaces

A systematic analysis of the PARP protein family identifies new functions critical for cell physiology

The poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) family of proteins use NAD[superscript +] as their substrate to modify acceptor proteins with ADP-ribose modifications. The function of most PARPs under physiological conditions is unknown. Here, to better understand this protein family, we systematically analyse the cell cycle localization of each PARP and of poly(ADP-ribose), a product of PARP activity, then identify the knockdown phenotype of each protein and perform secondary assays to elucidate function. We show that most PARPs are cytoplasmic, identify cell cycle differences in the ratio of nuclear to cytoplasmic poly(ADP-ribose) and identify four phenotypic classes of PARP function. These include the regulation of membrane structures, cell viability, cell division and the actin cytoskeleton. Further analysis of PARP14 shows that it is a component of focal adhesion complexes required for proper cell motility and focal adhesion function. In total, we show that PARP proteins are critical regulators of eukaryotic physiology.Rita Allen FoundationSidney Kimmel Foundation (Cancer Research Scholar)Howard S. and Linda B. Stern Career Development Assistant ProfessorNational Cancer Institute (U.S.) (Cancer Center Support (Core) Grant P30-CA14051)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant RO1GM087465)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant 1F32GM103089-01)Jeptha H. and Emily V. Wade FundKathy and Curt Marble Cancer Research Fun

Nuclear respiratory factor 2 induces SIRT3 expression

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/113760/1/acel12360-sup-0001-FigS1.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/113760/2/acel12360.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/113760/3/acel12360-sup-0002-FigS2.pd

Family-wide analysis of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase activity

The poly(adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribose) polymerase (PARP) protein family generates ​ADP-ribose (​ADPr) modifications onto target proteins using ​NAD[superscript +] as substrate. Based on the composition of three ​NAD[superscript +] coordinating amino acids, the H-Y-E motif, each PARP is predicted to generate either poly(ADPr) (PAR) or mono(ADPr) (MAR). However, the reaction product of each PARP has not been clearly defined, and is an important priority since PAR and MAR function via distinct mechanisms. Here we show that the majority of PARPs generate MAR, not PAR, and demonstrate that the H-Y-E motif is not the sole indicator of PARP activity. We identify automodification sites on seven PARPs, and demonstrate that MAR and PAR generating PARPs modify similar amino acids, suggesting that the sequence and structural constraints limiting PARPs to MAR synthesis do not limit their ability to modify canonical amino-acid targets. In addition, we identify ​cysteine as a novel amino-acid target for ADP-ribosylation on PARPs.Rita Allen FoundationSidney Kimmel FoundationNational Cancer Institute (U.S.) (Cancer Center Support (Core) Grant P30-CA14051)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant RO1GM087465)Kathy and Curt Marble Cancer Research FundWellcome Trust (London, England)European Research Counci

Cellular functions and enzymatic activity of the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase protein family

Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biology, 2014.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. Vita.Includes bibliographical references.The poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) protein family consists of seventeen enzymes and generates ADP-ribose (ADPr) posttranslational modifications onto target proteins using NAD* as a substrate. While functions for PARPs in the nucleus, such as in DNA damage repair and transcriptional regulation, had been well studied, functions for PARPs outside the nucleus were largely unknown. The well known product of PARP activity is poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR), which is a structurally complex polymer that can be up to 200 units in length. Because the PARP family was identified based on sequence homology to the catalytic domain of PARP1, the founding PARP member and main generator of nuclear PAR modifications, it was thought that the remaining family members also synthesize PAR. However, bioinformatics analysis has predicted that many PARPs in fact generate only mono(ADP-ribose) (MAR) modifications. As yet, the catalytic activity of for the entire PARP family has not been experimentally verified. We performed a systematic analysis of the PARP family to identify novel functions and determine the enzymatic activity for each PARP. First a family-wide localization and RNAi screen was performed to identify novel functions for PARP family members. From this work, we determined that the majority of PARPs are cytoplasmic and discovered new cytoplasmic functions for PARPs including actin cytoskeleton regulation and in regulation of membrane bound organelle structures. The enzymatic activity of each PARP was then analyzed to determine which types of ADPr modifications may be required for the PARP functions identified. We found that the majority of the PARP family proteins generate MAR modifications. Together, this work advances the understanding of PARP biology and identified novel PARP functions.by Sejal Vyas.Ph. D

(ψ, ϕ)-Wardowski contraction for three maps in Gb-metric spaces

Introducing (ψ, ϕ) − Gb-Wardowski contraction for three maps, a common fixed point result is obtained for complete Gb-metric spaces. An application related to discontinuous activation function in neural network is also established

ĆIRIĆ-TYPE RESULTS IN QUASI-METRIC SPACES AND -METRIC SPACES USING SIMULATION FUNCTION

In this paper, we establish existence of some common fixed-point theorems for admissible mappings via a simulation function along with -class functions in quasi-metric spaces. As a consequence, these results are extended to -metric spaces and metric spaces

COD REDUCTION OF PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY WASTE WATER BY ELECTRO OXIDATION PROCESS BY GENERATION OF IN SITU HYPOCHLOROUS ACID

ABSTRACT In this present work, to reduction of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) is measured by electrochemical oxidation treatment of pharmaceutical waste water which was collect after primary treatment. The influence of the critical parameters of electro-oxidation such as pH (7 to 8.5), Time period (0min to 90 min), Salt concentration (5gm/L to 20 gm/L) and Current voltage (3V to 12V) on the reduction of COD was studied using different electrode. In this treatment process, in-situ production of hypochlorous acid was achieved by the use of sodium chloride solution for chlorine production. The hypochlorous acid was utilized for the oxidation of organic matter present in the wastewater. It was used graphite, iron and copper electrodes with dimension of (5cm x 20cm x 1mm) using a glas