B chromosomes in keeled garlic, Allium carinatum L. (Liliaceae), from Tara mountain (Serbia)

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Two petitions: we are not giving up Jews - our neighbours

Položaj Jevreja u zemljama s većinskim srpskim stanovništvom, tokom 19. i početkom 20. veka, bio je pod uticajem različitih tendencija: od zalaganja za ravnopravnost, do protivjevrejskih ispada i antisemitskih zločina. Rad je usmeren na život Jevreja u Kragujevcu tokom 19. veka, sve do Drugog svetskog rata, koji karakteriše značajan stepen njihove kulturne asimilacije i društvene integracije. Opisan je njihov uticaj na privredni, kulturni i zdravstveni razvoj Kragujevca, kao i javno poštovanje i priznanje kojim su im Kragujevčani srpskog porekla uzvraćali. Okosnica rada jesu peticije za ostanak dvojice Jevreja u Kragujevcu (jedna je iz 19. veka, a druga iz prve polovine 20. veka), s tim što se povod prve peticije problematizuje i analizira u svetlu drugih istorijskih izvora. U javnom prostoru Kragujevca postoje obeležja koja svedoče o životu Jevreja, a buduće politike pamćenja trebalo bi usmeriti ka izgradnji aktivnih vidova memorijalizacije, kreativnih i empatičnih.The status of Jews in countries with the largest Serbia population, during the 19th and 201h centuries was under the influence of various tendencies: from commitment to equality to anti-Jewish outbursts and antisemitic crimes. The effort was directed towards the life of Jews in Kragujevac during the 19th century, all up to World War II, which characterizes a significant level of their cultural assimilation and social integration. Described is their influence on the economic, cultural and health development of Kragujevac, as is publicly displayed respect and recognition with which Kragujevac’s inhabitants of Serbia origin reciprocated. The core of die effort is petitioning for two Jews to stay in Kragujevac (one is from the 19th century, the other from the first half of the 20th century), with the fact that the cause of the first petition is problematized and analyzed in the light of newer historical sources. We also used scientific and specialized literature, and archive sources, as were digitized Kragujevac newspapers from the 1930-1941 period. The sociocultural milieu of Kragujevac has preserved the marks testifying about the presence and everyday lives of Jewish people in this city, hence, the establishment of the future concept of collective memory and remembrance policy should be directed towards shaping the active forms of memorialization, both creative and empathetic ones

The presence of genotoxic substances in the river Danube five months after bombardment of the industrial zone of Pančevo as revealed by the Allium anaphase-telophase genotoxicity assay

The consequence of aerial bombardment of the petrochemical complex, oil refinery and chemical industry including the HIP 'Azotara' fertilizer factory in the vicinity of Pančevo in April 1999 was that a large amount of dangerous chemicals leaked into the canal collecting industrial wastewater and flowed pouring out into the Danube. As the level of water in the Danube was high at that time, leaking of chemicals from the canal into the river lasted for a long time. Therefore the aim of this work was to check if toxic and genotoxic effects were present 5 months after the bombardment. Three samples of Danube water (upstream from the canal, just after the opening of the canal and downstream from the canal) were used for this purpose. All three samples plus a sample from the canal were also chemically analyzed. The Allium anaphase-telophase test was used to examine the toxicity and genotoxicity of water samples because it can be used without any concentration or purification of samples before testing. Clear inhibition of growth, compared to the control sample, was produced by the second sample. This sample, taken just after entry of the canal was the only one which produced a statistically significant increase in the number of chromosome aberrations in comparison with the control sample (X2(i) = 10.7, p<0.001). The results of our test and the chemical analyses of the water samples, show that both toxic and genotoxic effects of the Danube water may occur due to water coming in from the canal even 5 months after the chemicals had leaked into the canal.Kao posledica bombardovanja Petrohemijskog kompleksa, Rafinerije nafte i hemijske industrije Pančevo - HIP Azotara u blizini Pančeva u aprilu 1999. godine izlile su se velike količine opasnih hemikalija u kanal za industrijsku otpadnu vodu, a njime u Dunav. Pošto je u to vreme nivo vode Dunava bio visok izlivanje hemikalija u reku trajalo je dugo vremena, tako da je cilj našeg rada bio da se proveri da li su toksični i genotoksični efekti prisutni 5 meseci nakon bombardovanja. Za tu svrhu analizirana su tri uzorka Dunavske vode (uzvodno od kanala, na ušću kanala i nizvodno od kanala). Svatri uzorka kao i uzorak vode iz kanala hemijski su analizirani. Za ispitivanje toksičnosti i genotoksičnosti uzoraka vode korišćen je Allium anaphase-telophase test zbog činjenice da se uzorci mogu ispitivati bez koncentrisanja ili prečišćavanja. Drugi uzorak pokazao je jasnu inhibiciju rasta korenčića luka u odnosu na kontrolni uzorak (toksični efekat). Isti uzorak je bio jedini koji je produkovao statistički značajan porast broja hromozomskih aberacija u poređenju sa kontrolom (X2(i) = 10.7, p<0.001). Rezultati testiranja kao i rezultati hemijske analize pokazuju da su tokskični i genotoksični efekati u vodi Dunava poreklom iz vode koja dolazi iz kanala.nul

Do B chromosomes affect fecundity in yellow-necked mice Apodemus flavicollis (Rodentia, Mammalia)?

The effects of the presence of B chromosomes on fecundity of the yellow-necked mouse Apodemus flavicollis were studied in 46 females without and 28 with Bs from four localities in Serbia. Uterine inspection showed that there was no significant difference in the mean number of scars and embryos between females with and those without Bs. Thus, B chromosomes do not appear to affect the fecundity of females carrying them, indicating that the presence of Bs does not affect fitness characteristics.B hromozomi su dodatni hromozomi u odnosu na standardni komplement i nisu neophodni za preživljavanje. Javljaju se u gotovo svim taksonima kod oko 15% vrsta. Održavanje B hromozoma objašnjava se, u parazitskom modelu, kao balans suprotnih delovanja mehanizama akumulacije i eliminacije. U heterotičnom modelu, ravnoteža se postiže zahvaljujući pozitivnim efektima malog broja B hromozoma. U ovom radu ispitivani su efekti prisustva B hromozoma na fekunditet žutogrlog miša, Apodemus flavicollis, i to kod 46 ženki sa i 28 bez B hromozoma sa 4 lokaliteta u Srbiji. Analiza uterusa pokazala je da nema značajnih razlika u prosečnom broju ožiljaka i embriona među jedinakama sa i bez B hromozoma. Prema tome, B hromozomi nemaju efekte na fekunditet ženki koje su nosioci, odnosno njihovo prisustvo ne deluje na ovu značajnu fitnes karakteristiku. Prethodni nalazi, zajedno sa našim rezultatima, podržavaju heterotički model održavanja B hromozoma kod analizirane vrste.nul

The presence of genotoxic substances in the river Danube five months after bombardment of the industrial zone of Pančevo as revealed by the Allium anaphase-telophase genotoxicity assay

The consequence of aerial bombardment of the petrochemical complex, oil refinery and chemical industry including the HIP 'Azotara' fertilizer factory in the vicinity of Pančevo in April 1999 was that a large amount of dangerous chemicals leaked into the canal collecting industrial wastewater and flowed pouring out into the Danube. As the level of water in the Danube was high at that time, leaking of chemicals from the canal into the river lasted for a long time. Therefore the aim of this work was to check if toxic and genotoxic effects were present 5 months after the bombardment. Three samples of Danube water (upstream from the canal, just after the opening of the canal and downstream from the canal) were used for this purpose. All three samples plus a sample from the canal were also chemically analyzed. The Allium anaphase-telophase test was used to examine the toxicity and genotoxicity of water samples because it can be used without any concentration or purification of samples before testing. Clear inhibition of growth, compared to the control sample, was produced by the second sample. This sample, taken just after entry of the canal was the only one which produced a statistically significant increase in the number of chromosome aberrations in comparison with the control sample (X2(i) = 10.7, p<0.001). The results of our test and the chemical analyses of the water samples, show that both toxic and genotoxic effects of the Danube water may occur due to water coming in from the canal even 5 months after the chemicals had leaked into the canal.Kao posledica bombardovanja Petrohemijskog kompleksa, Rafinerije nafte i hemijske industrije Pančevo - HIP Azotara u blizini Pančeva u aprilu 1999. godine izlile su se velike količine opasnih hemikalija u kanal za industrijsku otpadnu vodu, a njime u Dunav. Pošto je u to vreme nivo vode Dunava bio visok izlivanje hemikalija u reku trajalo je dugo vremena, tako da je cilj našeg rada bio da se proveri da li su toksični i genotoksični efekti prisutni 5 meseci nakon bombardovanja. Za tu svrhu analizirana su tri uzorka Dunavske vode (uzvodno od kanala, na ušću kanala i nizvodno od kanala). Svatri uzorka kao i uzorak vode iz kanala hemijski su analizirani. Za ispitivanje toksičnosti i genotoksičnosti uzoraka vode korišćen je Allium anaphase-telophase test zbog činjenice da se uzorci mogu ispitivati bez koncentrisanja ili prečišćavanja. Drugi uzorak pokazao je jasnu inhibiciju rasta korenčića luka u odnosu na kontrolni uzorak (toksični efekat). Isti uzorak je bio jedini koji je produkovao statistički značajan porast broja hromozomskih aberacija u poređenju sa kontrolom (X2(i) = 10.7, p<0.001). Rezultati testiranja kao i rezultati hemijske analize pokazuju da su tokskični i genotoksični efekati u vodi Dunava poreklom iz vode koja dolazi iz kanala.nul

Do B chromosomes affect fecundity in yellow-necked mice Apodemus flavicollis (Rodentia, Mammalia)?

The effects of the presence of B chromosomes on fecundity of the yellow-necked mouse Apodemus flavicollis were studied in 46 females without and 28 with Bs from four localities in Serbia. Uterine inspection showed that there was no significant difference in the mean number of scars and embryos between females with and those without Bs. Thus, B chromosomes do not appear to affect the fecundity of females carrying them, indicating that the presence of Bs does not affect fitness characteristics.B hromozomi su dodatni hromozomi u odnosu na standardni komplement i nisu neophodni za preživljavanje. Javljaju se u gotovo svim taksonima kod oko 15% vrsta. Održavanje B hromozoma objašnjava se, u parazitskom modelu, kao balans suprotnih delovanja mehanizama akumulacije i eliminacije. U heterotičnom modelu, ravnoteža se postiže zahvaljujući pozitivnim efektima malog broja B hromozoma. U ovom radu ispitivani su efekti prisustva B hromozoma na fekunditet žutogrlog miša, Apodemus flavicollis, i to kod 46 ženki sa i 28 bez B hromozoma sa 4 lokaliteta u Srbiji. Analiza uterusa pokazala je da nema značajnih razlika u prosečnom broju ožiljaka i embriona među jedinakama sa i bez B hromozoma. Prema tome, B hromozomi nemaju efekte na fekunditet ženki koje su nosioci, odnosno njihovo prisustvo ne deluje na ovu značajnu fitnes karakteristiku. Prethodni nalazi, zajedno sa našim rezultatima, podržavaju heterotički model održavanja B hromozoma kod analizirane vrste.nul

Distribution of B chromosomes in age categories of the yellow-necked mouse Apodemus flavicollis (Mammalia, Rodentia)

The presence of B chromosomes (Bs) is frequently found in populations of yellow-necked mouse, Apodemus flavicollis. Differences in frequencies of Bs in age categories were analyzed in 717 animals in order to clarify the mechanisms of their maintenance in populations of A. flavicollis. The absence of statistically significant differences in the frequency of Bs between six age categories indicates that the maintenance of Bs in populations can be explained by in terms of their contribution to overall genetic diversity of the species rather than by parasitic behavior.Prekobrojni hromozomi nazivaju se B hromozomi ako zadovoljavaju tri kriterijuma: nisu neophodni za preživljavanje, ne sparuju se sa hromozomima A seta i ne nasleđuju se mendelovski. B hromozomi su vrlo često prisutni u populacijama žutogrlog miša, Apodemus flavicollis. Njihovo održavanje u populacijama objašnjava se sa dva suprostavljena modela. Model označen kao parazitski tvrdi da se B hromozomi održavaju zahvaljujući mehanizmu akumulacije uprkos štetnim efektima na fitnes nosilaca. S druge strane, heterotički model sugeriše da u odsustvu akumulacije mali broj B hromozoma ima adaptivnu prednost za nosioce, dok veći broj može biti štetan. Ako B hromozomi, koji su označeni kao parazitski, redukuju fitnes kod jedinki koje su njihovi nosioci, onda je očekivano da frekvenca jedinki sa B hromozomima opada sa starošću. Analizirana je razlika u frekvenci B hromozoma u uzrasnim kategorijama kod 717 jedinki sa ciljem da se razjasne mehanizmi njihovog održavanja u populacijama A. flavicollis. Odsustvo statistički značajnih razlika u frekvenci B hromozoma između 6 uzrasnih kategorija ukazuje da se održavanje B hromozoma u populacijama ove vrste može objasniti njihovim doprinosom ukupnoj genetičkoj raznovrsnosti pre nego parazitskim ponašanjem.Projekat ministarstva br. 14301

Megaprojects as an instrument of urban planning and development: example of Belgrade Waterfront

The research analyzed the theoretical and methodological background of urban megaprojects (UMPs) as instrument of urban planning and development, with specific reference to the Belgrade Waterfront Project (BWP). In analysis we combined a contextually appropriate ap-proach, some elements of the phronetic planning approach and the benchmarking analysis of megaproject planning and development. BWP induced a change of the institutional framework (introduction of specific legal and policy instruments), as a key source of future changes in the metropolitan tissue. Preliminary impact assessment of the BWP indicates: slow development & economic effects, low transparency, social inequalities, marginal social mobilization and weak networks between the key actors, public funds overuse, impact on law-making, displacement impacts, high public financial risk, deep urban transformations, environmental impacts, medium-technological modernization, etc. This research highlights the differences in the political, institutional, social and economic environment that shape the BWP. It provides recommendations for future research and application, improvement of planning approach and continuing in-depth analysis for managing the undesirable consequences of the UMPs, including the determination of the interplay between different pools of power.Slična verzija rada bila je prezentovana na konferenciji UNESCO (2016) pod istim naslovom Megaprojects as an Instrument of Urban Planning and Development: Example of Belgrade Waterfront Project, in UNESCO Chair in Technologies for Development: From Innovation to Social Impact, UNESCO Chair Conference on Technologies for Development: From Innovation to Social Impact, 2-4 May 2016, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne - EPFL, Cooperation & Development Center - CODEV, Lausanne, Switzerland, pp.104, http://cooperation.epfl.ch/files/content/sites/cooperation/files/Tech4Dev%202016/Tech4Dev2016_Brochure_14Apr_WebVersion.pdfEditors: Silvia Hostettler, Samira Najih Besson, Jean-Claude Bola

Antimutagenic effects of extracts from sage (Salvia officinalis) in mammalian system in vivo.

Naturally occurring antimutagenic factors, especially those of plant origin, have recently become a subject of intensive research. Antimutagenic properties of terpenoid fractions of sage (Salvia officinalis) were tested in mammalian system in vivo through examining the ability of sage to decrease the frequency of aberrant cells induced by a potent mutagen. First, groups of mice were treated with three concentrations of sage alone and it was established that the frequency of aberrant cells after treatment with a concentration of 25 µL/kg was not significantly different from the negative control (olive oil), while that found after treatment with the 50 µL/kg concentration differed significantly (X2(1)= 4.05, p < 0.05). Sage used at a concentration of 100 µL/kg was cytotoxic. Mitomycin C (MMC), known as a potent mutagen, was used for induction of chromosome aberrations. Post-treatment with sage suppressed the effects of MMC significantly. Both concentrations (25 µL/kg and 50 µL/kg) produced a significant decrease in the frequency of aberrations relative to MMC (X2(1) = 5.42, p < 0.02, X2(1) = 14.93, p < 0.001, respectively). The percent of aberrations decreased with increasing concentrations of sage. Only nontoxic concentrations of sage without mutagenic effects can be recommended for use as inhibitors of mutagenesis or carcinogenesis