1,357 research outputs found
Conflict Visualization for Collaborative Multi-user Applications
If a collaborative multi-user application allows concurrent or asynchronous manipulation of shared data, user actions may conflict. While conflicts can be resolved syntactically by concurrency control, the system is not able to interpret actions, and the determined result might violate the users' intentions. We propose a visual feedback scheme so that users are aware of critical situations and may react accordingly. In our approach, the action history is represented as an interactive timeline that can be analyzed by the user. A prototype was realized for a shared whiteboard application
RTP/I Payload Type Definition for Application Launch Tools
This document specifies an application-level protocol (i.e., payload type) for application launch tools using the Real-Time Protocol for Distributed Interactive Media (RTP/I). RTP/I defines a standardized framing for the transmission of application data and provides protocol mechanisms that are universally needed for the class of distributed interactive media. An application launch tool is used to synchronously start applications in collaborative environments, i.e., a participant can trigger the simultaneous execution of a program at all involved sites. This document specifies how to employ an application launch tool with RTP/I and defines application data units (ADUs) for application launch tool operations. This protocol definition allows standardized communication between different application launch tool implementations
RTP/I Payload Type Definition for Chat Tools
This document specifies an application-level protocol (i.e., payload type) for chat tools using the Real Time Protocol for Distributed Interactive Media (RTP/I). RTP/I defines a standardized framing for the transmission of application data and provides protocol mechanisms that are universally needed for the class of distributed interactive media. A chat tool provides an instant messaging service among an arbitrary number of users. This documents specifies how to employ a chat tool with RTP/I and defines application data units (ADUs) for chat operations. This protocol definition allows standardized collaboration between different chat implementations
RTP/I Payload Type Definition for Feedback Tools
This document specifies an application-level protocol (i.e., payload type) for feedback tools using the Real Time Protocol for Distributed Interactive Media (RTP/I). RTP/I defines a standardized framing for the transmission of application data and provides protocol mechanisms that are universally needed for the class of distributed interactive media. A feedback tool is used in synchronous collaborative environments for permanent feedback about certain criteria (e.g., audio quality). This document specifies how to employ a feedback tool with RTP/I and defines application data units (ADUs) for feedback tool operations. This protocol definition allows standardized communication between different feedback tool implementations
RTP/I Payload Type Definition for Telepointers
This document specifies an application-level protocol (i.e., payload type) for telepointers using the Real Time Protocol for Distributed Interactive Media (RTP/I). RTP/I defines a standardized framing for the transmission of application data and provides protocol mechanisms that are universally needed for the class of distributed interactive media. A telepointer creates a common point of reference in distributed (i.e., multi-user) applications by visualizing mouse movements of remote session participants. Telepointers are used in conjunction with other distributed interactive media such as shared whiteboards and distributed virtual environments. This documents specifies how to employ two-dimensional telepointers with RTP/I and defines application data units (ADUs) for telepointer operations. This protocol definition allows standardized collaboration between different telepointer implementations
RTP/I Payload Type Definition for Hand-Raising Tools
This document specifies an application-level protocol (i.e., payload type) for hand-raising tools using the Real Time Protocol for Distributed Interactive Media (RTP/I). RTP/I defines a standardized framing for the transmission of application data and provides protocol mechanisms that are universally needed for the class of distributed interactive media. A hand-raising tool can support collaboration between spatially separated users. In a video conference, for example, a hand-raising tool can be used to coordinate different speakers. This documents specifies how to employ a hand-raising tool with RTP/I and defines application data units (ADUs) for hand-raising tool operations. This protocol definition allows standardized collaboration between different hand-raising tool implementations
The treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus infection in HIV co-infection
Chronic HCV co-infection is present in up to one third of HIV-positive patients in Europe. In recent years, apart from the traditional transmission route of intravenous drug abuse, outbreaks of sexually transmitted acute HCV infections, mainly among HIV-positive men who have sex with men, have contributed to the overall disease burden
Lehrszenarien-übergreifende Erzeugung und Verwendung Multimedialer Teachware
Das Erstellen multimedialer Lehrdokumente ist ein aufwendiger Prozeß. In der traditionellen Lehre werden für verschiedenen Lehrszenarien (Vorlesung, Nachbearbeitung durch den Studenten, etc.) oft unterschiedliche Dokumente erstellt, die denselben Stoff behandeln. Weiterhin entstehen während einer Vorlesung durch die Erklärungen des Dozenten implizit Dokumente, die auch in anderen Lehrszenarien sinnvoll eingesetzt werden können. In diesem Artikel wird beschrieben, wie die in Lehrveranstaltungen entstehenden Dokumente aufgezeichnet und auf einem Server bereitgestellt werden. Mit dem vorgestellten Verfahren können die Aufzeichnungen flexibel mit zusätzlichen multimedialen Inhalten zu einer Computer-Based-Training-Einheit verknüpft werden. Dadurch ist es möglich, Dokumente effektiv sowohl in synchronen als auch in asynchronen Lehrszenarien zu einzusetzen
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Effect of composition changes on the structure and properties of phosphate glasses in the pyrophosphate region
The structures of phosphate glasses in the ultra- and polyphosphate region are well-investigated. Discontinuous changes of the properties in the composition ränge around 50 mol% P₂O₅ (transition from network to chain-like structures) are known. The present work is concerned with the structural transition of chain-like phosphate glasses to pyrophosphate glasses. ³¹P MAS N M R in vestigations were used for the quantitative structural analyses of pyrophosphate and mixed pyrophosphate/orthophosphate glasses. Several chemical and physical properties of these glasses were determined in dependence on composition and structure. The in vestigated phosphate invert glasses are very sensitive to additives. Therefore, some important properties of phosphate invert glasses and glass-ceramics can be controlled by addition of relatively small and highly charged cations
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