Intentions on desired length of stay among immigrants in Italy

Abstract The decision to emigrate from the country of origin may not be a permanent one: migrants can decide to return home or to emigrate to a third country. This phenomenon, established for some time in certain other European countries, has become an important one for Italy only recently. This paper contributes to the knowledge of migrants’ intentions in two ways: on the one hand, it analyses the factors associated with indecision about future plans; on the other, it focuses on the desired length of stay and its relationship with attachments (family, economic, socio-cultural and psychological) to host and home country. We used two logistic regression models: one for migrants’ indecision and the other for migrants’ desired length of stay. The data were collected by survey, coordinated by the ISMU Foundation and conducted in 2008 and 2009 with more than 12,000 migrants living in Italy. According to our results, indecision seems to be associated with an intermediate phase of migration at the early stage of family development in the case of negative balance of the migration experience, while attachment to the host country is associated with longer stay, and no attachments or attachment to the country of origin are associated with shorter stay

SYNTHESIS AND EFFECTS OF SOME NEW 2-ARYL-THIAZOLE AMMONIUM SALTS ON ISOLATED ILEUM MOTILITY

Quaternary ammonium compounds are considered among the substances which can influence the contractility of smooth muscles from the digestive tract, acting via cholinergic mechanisms. Based on structural considerations, we synthesized twelve new compounds, derivatives of 2-aryl-thiazole, being substituted in the 2 and 4 positions. In order to elucidate the structure of the obtained compounds, MS determinations and 1 H-NMR spectra were realized. The effect on the smooth muscles was tested using the guinea pig isolated ileum experimental model. The obtained results showed that the contractile effects or the antispasmodic activity of the compounds are influenced by the nature of the substituent in the 4 position, and the intensity of the effect is related to the type of substituent on the phenyl, from the 2 position of the thiazolic nucleus

The Migrating Poor:Romanian Roma Under Social Authoritarianism in Poland

This chapter critically examines the discourse on “Roma exclusion” in the context of European migration policy, presenting key findings from the case study of Romanian Roma migrants in a city of Wroclaw in Poland. The concept of “Roma exclusion” has come to dominate political discussions about the marginalization of the largest European minority. Placed at the centre of the European Union political agenda it recognized that Roma poverty has multiple and interrelated causes, which require multifaceted policy responses. Nevertheless, while the concept has acquired strategic connotations, by stressing socio-economic processes, it has remained open to different interpretation influenced by political perceptions of Roma identity, migration as well as domestic policy approaches to integration. The pivotal instability in the discourse concerns the question of whether exclusion entitles an individual or a group to seek opportunities through migration and whether receiving countries are obliged to provide necessary support. Building on equality scholarship, this chapter argues that portrayal of Roma as “welfare migrants” who move across Europe exploiting generosity of welfare states, legitimizes hostile public interventions that negate official commitments to the Free Movement principle. The case of Wroclaw has received unprecedented political and media attention and demonstrates that anti-Gypsy discourse is used to mask unwillingness and inability of the state to design and implement coherent migration strategies, reflective of the European principles and recommendations. It also shows that “migration panic” is equally strong in the new EU members, largely unprepared to act as receiving countries