The development of two scales to measure selfobject needs.

Dept. of Psychology. Paper copy at Leddy Library: Theses & Major Papers - Basement, West Bldg. / Call Number: Thesis1988 .V566. Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 40-07, page: . Thesis (M.A.)--University of Windsor (Canada), 1988

Self-regulatory deficits, relational experiences, and the functions of weight control in bulimic women.

The purpose of this study was to investigate, within the framework of psychoanalytic self psychology, the ability to regulate affect and self-esteem, and the level of object relations and self-object experiences, in a group of 30 bulimic women. The relationships between self-regulatory functions and relational experiences, and severity of bulimic symptoms were examined. Comparisons of self-regulatory functions and relational experiences were made between the bulimic group and three control groups composed of 30 depressed women, 30 overweight dieting women, and 30 normal controls who were not overweight, not dieting, not depressed, and not bulimic. In addition, the self-regulatory function of weight control was examined, and compared across groups. The psychometric characteristics of three measures used in the study, namely the Soothing Receptivity Scale (Glassmen, 1988), the Symptoms of Fragmentation Scale (Vipond, 1988), and the Selfobject Needs Scale (Vipond, 1988) were also examined. Results indicated that the bulimic women had more difficulty regulating dysphoric affects and self-esteem, were more vulnerable to fragmentation experiences, and reported more primitive object relations and selfobject experiences than either the overweight dieters or the normal controls; however, the bulimic group did not differ significantly from the depressed group on these measures. Statistically significant relationships were found between self-regulatory deficits and levels of object and selfobject relations across groups. In addition, statistically significant relationships were found between self-regulatory deficits and relational experiences, and severity of some symptoms in the bulimic group. When the bulimic group imagined losing five pounds, they reported experiencing greater decreases in anxiety, depression, and symptoms of fragmentation, and greater increases in self-esteem than did subjects in any of the other three groups. When the bulimic group imagined gaining five pounds, however, they reported experiencing increases in anxiety, depression, and symptoms of fragmentation, and decreases in self-esteem which were greater only than those reported by the depressed group. Implications of the results were discussed as they relate to self psychology theory; to the relationships among bulimia, depression, and self-regulatory deficits; and to the treatment of bulimic women. Directions for future research were suggested.Dept. of Psychology. Paper copy at Leddy Library: Theses & Major Papers - Basement, West Bldg. / Call Number: Thesis1992 .V566. Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 54-05, Section: B, page: 2777. Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Windsor (Canada), 1992

Changes in symptomatology, reinfection, and transmissibility associated with the SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.7: an ecological study

Background The SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.7 was first identified in December, 2020, in England. We aimed to investigate whether increases in the proportion of infections with this variant are associated with differences in symptoms or disease course, reinfection rates, or transmissibility. Methods We did an ecological study to examine the association between the regional proportion of infections with the SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 variant and reported symptoms, disease course, rates of reinfection, and transmissibility. Data on types and duration of symptoms were obtained from longitudinal reports from users of the COVID Symptom Study app who reported a positive test for COVID-19 between Sept 28 and Dec 27, 2020 (during which the prevalence of B.1.1.7 increased most notably in parts of the UK). From this dataset, we also estimated the frequency of possible reinfection, defined as the presence of two reported positive tests separated by more than 90 days with a period of reporting no symptoms for more than 7 days before the second positive test. The proportion of SARS-CoV-2 infections with the B.1.1.7 variant across the UK was estimated with use of genomic data from the COVID-19 Genomics UK Consortium and data from Public Health England on spike-gene target failure (a non-specific indicator of the B.1.1.7 variant) in community cases in England. We used linear regression to examine the association between reported symptoms and proportion of B.1.1.7. We assessed the Spearman correlation between the proportion of B.1.1.7 cases and number of reinfections over time, and between the number of positive tests and reinfections. We estimated incidence for B.1.1.7 and previous variants, and compared the effective reproduction number, Rt, for the two incidence estimates. Findings From Sept 28 to Dec 27, 2020, positive COVID-19 tests were reported by 36 920 COVID Symptom Study app users whose region was known and who reported as healthy on app sign-up. We found no changes in reported symptoms or disease duration associated with B.1.1.7. For the same period, possible reinfections were identified in 249 (0·7% [95% CI 0·6–0·8]) of 36 509 app users who reported a positive swab test before Oct 1, 2020, but there was no evidence that the frequency of reinfections was higher for the B.1.1.7 variant than for pre-existing variants. Reinfection occurrences were more positively correlated with the overall regional rise in cases (Spearman correlation 0·56–0·69 for South East, London, and East of England) than with the regional increase in the proportion of infections with the B.1.1.7 variant (Spearman correlation 0·38–0·56 in the same regions), suggesting B.1.1.7 does not substantially alter the risk of reinfection. We found a multiplicative increase in the Rt of B.1.1.7 by a factor of 1·35 (95% CI 1·02–1·69) relative to pre-existing variants. However, Rt fell below 1 during regional and national lockdowns, even in regions with high proportions of infections with the B.1.1.7 variant. Interpretation The lack of change in symptoms identified in this study indicates that existing testing and surveillance infrastructure do not need to change specifically for the B.1.1.7 variant. In addition, given that there was no apparent increase in the reinfection rate, vaccines are likely to remain effective against the B.1.1.7 variant. Funding Zoe Global, Department of Health (UK), Wellcome Trust, Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (UK), National Institute for Health Research (UK), Medical Research Council (UK), Alzheimer's Society

Chapitre 8. La presse périodique

L’évolution de la grande presse commerciale mary vipond Pour la majeure partie du XXe siècle, l’univers de la presse périodique au Canada est dominé par des questions de propriété et de concurrence. En ce qui concerne les journaux, l’essor des chaînes et des conglomérats médiatiques qui conduira les villes à n’être desservies que par un seul journal soulève l’inquiétude et déclenche la tenue d’enquêtes publiques. Pour ce qui est des périodiques, qui se heurtent à la concurrence serrée des mag..

History of the Book in Canada. Volume III : 1918-1980

"The History of the Book in Canada is one of this country's great scholarly achievements, with three volumes spanning topics from Aboriginal communication systems established prior to European contact to the arrival of multinational publishing companies. Each volume observes developments in the realms of writing, publishing, dissemination, and reading, illustrating the process of a fledgling nation coming into its own. The third and final volume follows book history and print culture from the end of the First World War to 1980, discussing the influences on them of the twentieth century, including the country's growing demographic complexity and the rise of multiculturalism." -- Front flap of jacket

Histoire du livre et de l’imprimé au Canada, Volume III

Au Canada, le XXe siècle inaugure une époque faste en matière de culture du livre et de l’imprimé. Après la Première Guerre mondiale, l’émergence de maisons d’édition indépendantes, d’associations d’auteurs, la création de prix littéraires et scientifiques et de subventions à la production, notamment au Québec, sont autant de signes de la vitalité du livre dans la transmission et la promotion d’une culture nationale, désormais projetée dans la durée et conçue comme un héritage essentiel. C’est ainsi que l’on peut voir se développer une culture du livre distincte de l’imprimerie et de la presse, où les éditeurs deviennent progressivement des architectes de la culture canadienne. Ce troisième volume de l’Histoire du livre et de l’imprimé au Canada couvre la période de 1918 à 1980, durant laquelle des transformations cruciales ont eu lieu. Ainsi, les deux grands groupes linguistiques du pays s’enrichissent de structures éditoriales distinctes, et grâce aux périodiques, les populations autochtones et les communautés ethniques et religieuses s’approprient les outils de la communication écrite pour exprimer leurs valeurs, affirmer leur appartenance sociale et créer des liens de solidarité. La Deuxième Guerre mondiale crée une demande nationale accrue pour le livre canadien qui se déploie alors sur la scène internationale. Au même moment, le cinéma, la radio et la télévision, phénomènes nouveaux, favorisent la pénétration d’une production de masse en provenance des États-Unis. L’affirmation d’une identité canadienne s’accentue encore dans les années 1960 au moment où les littératures canadienne et québécoise connaissent une période d’effervescence sans précédent. Enfin, après plus d’un siècle de luttes et de revendications, d’actions individu­elles et collectives, les gouvernements mettent en place des structures de soutien à la création littéraire et au livre qui en assureront l’essor au cours des années 1980

COVID-19 due to the B.1.617.2 (Delta) variant compared to B.1.1.7 (Alpha) variant of SARS-CoV-2: a prospective observational cohort study

The Delta (B.1.617.2) variant was the predominant UK circulating SARS-CoV-2 strain between May and December 2021. How Delta infection compares with previous variants is unknown. This prospective observational cohort study assessed symptomatic adults participating in the app-based COVID Symptom Study who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 from May 26 to July 1, 2021 (Delta overwhelmingly the predominant circulating UK variant), compared (1:1, age- and sex-matched) with individuals presenting from December 28, 2020 to May 6, 2021 (Alpha (B.1.1.7) the predominant variant). We assessed illness (symptoms, duration, presentation to hospital) during Alpha- and Delta-predominant timeframes; and transmission, reinfection, and vaccine effectiveness during the Delta-predominant period. 3581 individuals (aged 18 to 100 years) from each timeframe were assessed. The seven most frequent symptoms were common to both variants. Within the first 28 days of illness, some symptoms were more common with Delta versus Alpha infection (including fever, sore throat, and headache) and some vice versa (dyspnoea). Symptom burden in the first week was higher with Delta versus Alpha infection; however, the odds of any given symptom lasting ≥ 7 days was either lower or unchanged. Illness duration ≥ 28 days was lower with Delta versus Alpha infection, though unchanged in unvaccinated individuals. Hospitalisation for COVID-19 was unchanged. The Delta variant appeared more (1.49) transmissible than Alpha. Re-infections were low in all UK regions. Vaccination markedly reduced the risk of Delta infection (by 69-84%). We conclude that COVID-19 from Delta or Alpha infections is similar. The Delta variant is more transmissible than Alpha; however, current vaccines showed good efficacy against disease. This research framework can be useful for future comparisons with new emerging variants