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    Sediment routing systems of the Eocene Tremp-Jaca basin: Stratigraphic analysis and numerical models

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    [eng] The Eocene South-Pyrenean foreland basin provides a continuum of outcrops representing a Source to Sink sediment routing system from subaerial canyons to deep marine environments. On this context, the specific objective of this study is: (a) to contribute to the knowledge of the chronostratigraphy and the basin infill of the study area; (b) to analyze the evolution of the sedimentation rates on the Tremp-Jaca basin; and (c) to generate numerical models to (i) assess the sediment routing and sediment balance and, (ii) to evaluate the basin response to the propagation of climatic and tectonic signals. Two new magnetostratigraphic sections are built on the Tremp-Jaca basin; the Ols贸n (Ainsa basin) and the Yebra de Basa sections (Jaca basin). The Ols贸n section provides a late Lutetian to early Priabonian age for the Escanilla formation in the Ainsa basin, and the same age range is provided on the Yebra de Basa section for the strata encompassed between the Sabi帽谩nigo sandstone and the Santa Orosia formation. The age constrains provided by these new sections and the data sorted from a systematic review of the literature have been used for an analysis of the sedimentation rates in the Tremp-Jaca basin. The studied sections were decompacted by backstripping to correct the differential burial compactions between the sections. This study shows that sedimentation rates may not show the expected variations related to depozone distribution. This lack of correlation between the depozones and the sedimentation rates are consequence of the lagged response to deformation front shifts and the complexity in the structure of the wedge-top. This complexity result in a widespread subsidence related to the emplacement of basement units in the hinterland. Also underfilled forelands may develop high sedimentation rates in the initial stages of wedge-top as basin gradients are a continuation to those developed in the previous foredeep phase. Sedimentation rates in overfilled areas are controlled by accommodation. In underfilled areas, the main control is clastic supply. During graded shelf regressive stages, maximum sedimentation rates are in foreset areas. In the transgressive stages, maximum sedimentation rates are at the topset. In out-of-grade periods, high sedimentation rates are in deep marine areas. The results obtained above have been used to feed forward stratigraphic models, using Dionisos software, to test and understand the different parameters affecting the sedimentary infill of the basin. A first model on the sediment routing systems of the Tremp-Jaca basin, based on the data from the sedimentation rates analysis, succeeds on reproducing the sedimentary routes that can be deduced from the paleocurrent patterns on the Tremp-Jaca basin, validating the inputted data. A second forward stratigraphic model, based on architectural and cyclostratigraphic analysis from previous works, determines that the high-frequency Milankovitch cyclicity of the Belsu茅-Atar茅s delta (Sierras Exteriores) is primarily forced from the sediment supply and secondary from the eustasy.[cat] A les conques Eocenes Sudpirenaiques d鈥檃vantpa铆s hi ha un continu d鈥檃floraments representatius de les rutes sediment脿ries del sistema Source to Sink, des de canons subaeris fins a ambients marins profunds. En aquest context, aquest estudi t茅 com a objectiu (a) contribuir al coneixement de la cronoestratigrafia i el reompliment de les conques de l'脿rea d'estudi; (b) analitzar l鈥檈voluci贸 de les taxes de sedimentaci贸 a la conca de Tremp-Jaca; i (c) generar models num猫rics per (i) avaluar les rutes sediment脿ries i el balan莽 sedimentari i (ii) avaluar la resposta de la conca a la propagaci贸 de senyals clim脿tics i tect貌nics. S鈥檋an constru茂t dues noves seccions magnetostratigr脿fiques a la conca de Tremp-Jaca; les seccions d鈥橭ls贸n (conca d鈥橝茂nsa) i de Yebra de Basa (conca de Jaca). La secci贸 d鈥橭ls贸n proporciona una edat Luteciana superior fins a Priaboniana inferior per a la part superior de la formaci贸 Escanilla a la conca d鈥橝茂nsa. A la secci贸 de Yebra de Basa s鈥檕bt茅 la mateixa franja d鈥檈dat pels estrats entre el gres de Sabi帽谩nigo i la formaci贸 de Santa Orosia . Les edats proporcionades per aquestes noves seccions i les dades obtingudes a partir d'una revisi贸 sistem脿tica de les dades publicades, s'han utilitzat per a una an脿lisi de les taxes de sedimentaci贸 de la conca de Tremp-Jaca. Les seccions estudiades han estat descompactades per backstripping per corregir l鈥檈nterrament diferencial que resulta en estadis de compactaci贸 diferents entre les seccions estudiades. Aquest estudi mostra que les taxes sedimentaries poden no mostrar les variacions esperades en relaci贸 a la distribuci贸 de les depozones. Aquesta manca de correlaci贸 entre les depozones i les taxes de sedimentaci贸 s贸n conseq眉猫ncia del retard en la resposta als canvis en la posici贸 del front de deformaci贸 al wedge-top. Aquesta complexitat resulta en l鈥檈xpansi贸 de la subsid猫ncia relacionada amb l鈥檈mpla莽ament d鈥檜nitats basals al hinterland. Aquesta complexitat resulta en una major subsid猫ncia relacionada amb l鈥檃pilament d鈥檜nitats basalts al hinterland. Tamb茅 les conques d'avantpa铆s underfilled poden desenvolupar altes taxes de sedimentaci贸 en els estadis inicials del wedge-top, ja que els gradients sedimentaris s贸n la continuaci贸 dels desenvolupats a la fase de foredeep anterior. Les taxes de sedimentaci贸 a les 脿rees overfilled estan controlades per l鈥檃comodaci贸. A les 脿rees underfilled, el control principal 茅s l鈥檃port de sediments. Durant els episodis regressius de les plataformes gradades, les taxes de sedimentaci贸 m脿ximes es donen al topset. En els per铆odes no-gradats, les taxes de sedimentaci贸 m茅s elevades es troben a les 脿rees marines profundes. Els resultats obtinguts s鈥檋an utilitzat per alimentar dos forward stratigraphic models, utilitzant el software Dionisos, per provar i entendre els diferents par脿metres que defineixen el reompliment de la conca. Un primer model en els sistemes de rutes sediment脿ries de la conca de Tremp-Jaca, basat en les dades provinents de l鈥檃n脿lisi de les taxes de sedimentaci贸, t茅 猫xit en reproduir les rutes sediment脿ries que es poden deduir dels paleocorrents de la conca de Tremp-Jaca, validant les dades introdu茂des. Un segon model, a partir de dades arquitecturals i cicloestratigr脿fiques de treballs previs, determina que les ciclicitats de Milankovitch d鈥檃lta freq眉猫ncia del delta de Belsu茅-Atar茅s (Sierras Exteriores) s贸n prim脿riament for莽ats per l鈥檃port sedimentari i secund脿riament per l鈥檈ust脿cia
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