Gravitational Waves from Gravitational Collapse

Gravitational wave emission from the gravitational collapse of massive stars has been studied for more than three decades. Current state of the art numerical investigations of collapse include those that use progenitors with realistic angular momentum profiles, properly treat microphysics issues, account for general relativity, and examine non--axisymmetric effects in three dimensions. Such simulations predict that gravitational waves from various phenomena associated with gravitational collapse could be detectable with advanced ground--based and future space--based interferometric observatories.Comment: 68 pages including 13 figures; revised version accepted for publication in Living Reviews in Relativity (http://www.livingreviews.org

Analyseurs de la papille et des fibres optiques (corrélation anatomo-fonctionnelle pour 130 yeux (88 patients) atteints du glaucome primitif à angle ouvert)

MONTPELLIER-BU Médecine UPM (341722108) / SudocMONTPELLIER-BU Médecine (341722104) / SudocSudocFranceF

Prévalence des neuropathies optiques dans le syndrome d'apnée du sommeil

MONTPELLIER-BU Médecine UPM (341722108) / SudocMONTPELLIER-BU Médecine (341722104) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

"Trap door" fracture de l'orbite

MONTPELLIER-BU Médecine UPM (341722108) / SudocMONTPELLIER-BU Médecine (341722104) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Carcinome basocellulaire du canthus médial étendu à l'orbite (chirurgie conservatrice à propos de 5 cas)

MONTPELLIER-BU Médecine UPM (341722108) / SudocMONTPELLIER-BU Médecine (341722104) / SudocSudocFranceF

Peripapillary Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness Measurement Reproducibility Using Optical Coherence Tomography

To assess reproducibility of quadrantic and clock hour sectors of retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in normal eyes using optical coherence tomography. Normal eyes of healthy volunteers meeting eligibility criteria were imaged by two inexperienced operators. Six 360 degrees circular scans with a diameter of 3.4 mm centered on the optic disc were obtained during each scanning session, and a baseline image was formed using 3 high-quality images defined by the software. Images were obtained on three different days within a 4-week period. Variance and coefficient of variation (CV) were calculated for quadrantic and retinal nerve fiber layer clock hour sectors obtained from the baseline image. Five normal eyes were scanned. Intraoperator reproducibility was high. The mean (+/- SD) CV for total retinal nerve fiber layer thickness was 5.3 +/- 3.82% and 4.33 +/- 3.7% for operators 1 and 2, respectively. Interoperator reproducibility was good with statistically similar variance for all quadrantic and clock hour retinal nerve fiber layer parameters (P = .42 to .99). The nasal retinal nerve fiber layer was the most variable sector for both operators (mean CV: 10.42% and 7.83% for operators 1 and 2, respectively). Differences in mean total, nasal, temporal, and superior retinal nerve fiber layer thickness were not statistically significant between operators for all eyes; however, for inferior retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, there was a significant (P = .0007) difference between operators in one eye. Peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness assessments using optical coherence tomography have good intraoperator and interoperator reproducibility. Inexperienced operators can generate useful measurement data with acceptable levels of variance

Comparison of Recent Studies of Postoperative Endophthalmitis From the Same National Database Reply

International audienceIn Reply We thank Grzybowski and Lee et al for their interest in our recent studies of postoperative endophthalmitis (POE) using the French Medico-Administrative database SNIIR-AM (Système national d’information inter-régime de l’assurance maladie).1,2 This will allow us to discuss the precautions that we must consider when using “big data.” This is of importance because it seems likely to us that big data will increasingly be used in future studies.

Efficacy, Safety, and Retreatment Benefit of Micropulse Transscleral Cyclophotocoagulation in Glaucoma

International audiencePrecis: Micropulse transscleral cyclophotocoagulation (MP-TSCPC) with a 120-second setting reduces intraocular pressure (IOP) with a 6-month success of 45.5%. Only late (>6 mo) failure seem to present a benefit for retreatment.Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess MP-TSCPC efficacy, safety, factors of success, and retreatment benefit in open-angle glaucoma.Patients and methods: A retrospective consecutive case series study. We included patients with open-angle glaucoma who were naive of a cycloablative procedure and underwent MP-TSCPC at 2000 mW for 120 seconds between May 1, 2017, and October 31, 2019. Success was defined as IOP >5 and ≤21 mm Hg with IOP reduction ≥20% from baseline, without any retreatment and visual acuity better than negative light perception. MP-TSCPC retreatment was early and late, before and after 6 months postoperatively, respectively.Results: We included 94 eyes in 94 patients [mean (SD) age: 67.2 (13.4) y; 47.9% women]. The mean preoperative IOP was 24.9 (7.1) mm Hg and was reduced to 18.9 (6.3) at month 6 (P<0.0001). The success rate decreased progressively over time and reached 45.5% at 6 months. Patients with 6-month surgical success had lower mean axial length than others [24.1 (1.5) vs. 25.5 (2.1) mm, P=0.05]. In patients with early and late MP-TSCPC retreatment, the 6-month success rate was 16.7% and 63.6%, respectively.Conclusions: MP-TSCPC performed with a 120-second setting reduced IOP, with 45.5% success at month 6 and few complications. Axial length was newly described as affecting success, probably linked to the ciliary-body position. Retreatment seemed to be of little benefit in nonresponders or those with early failure. Further studies on laser settings and ciliary-body location are required to find the best risk-benefit protocol

Orbital Apex Syndrome Secondary to Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus

International audienceOrbital apex syndrome is a rare complication of herpes zoster ophthalmicus. In addition to our case, we review the clinical presentation, imaging findings, treatment options, and prognosis of 14 other reported cases. Magnetic resonance imaging of our patient demonstrated diffuse enhancement of the orbit involving the orbital apex, optic nerve and/or nerve sheath, extraocular muscles, and orbital soft tissues. There was significant clinical improvement with acyclovir and systemic corticosteroids, which seems to be preferred treatment for this disorder