The CorDis Corpus Mark-up and Related Issues

CorDis is a large, XML, TEI-conformant, POS-tagged, multimodal, multigenre corpus representing a significant portion of the political and media discourse on the 2003 Iraqi conflict. It was generated from different sub-corpora which had been assembled by various research groups, ranging from official transcripts of Parliamentary sessions, both in the US and the UK, to the transcripts of the Hutton Inquiry, from American and British newspaper coverage of the conflict to White House press briefings and to transcriptions of American and British TV news programmes. The heterogeneity of the data, the specificity of the genres and the diverse discourse analytical purposes of different groups had led to a wide range of coding strategies being employed to make textual and meta-textual information retrievable. The main purpose of this paper is to show the process of harmonisation and integration whereby a loose collection of texts has become a stable architecture. The TEI proved a valid instrument to achieve standardisation of mark-up. The guidelines provide for a hierarchical organisation which gives the corpus a sound structure favouring replicability and enhancing the reliability of research. In discussing some examples of the problems encountered in the annotation, we will deal with issues like consistency and re-usability, and will examine the constraints imposed on data handling by specific research objectives. Examples include the choice to code the same speakers in different ways depending on the various (institutional) roles they may assume throughout the corpus, the distinction between quotations of spoken or written discourse and quotations read aloud in the course of a spoken text, and the segmentation of portions of news according to participants interaction and use of camera/voiceover

The Foxes of Salisbury Beach

The author describes her encounter with foxes at Salisbury Beach, MA and Massachusetts legislative policy related to Salisbury Beach\u27s preservation

Accurate photoionisation cross section for He at non-resonant photon energies

The total single-photon ionisation cross section was calculated for helium atoms in their ground state. Using a full configuration-interaction approach the photoionisation cross section was extracted from the complex-scaled resolvent. In the energy range from ionisation threshold to 59\,eV our results agree with an earlier $B$-spline based calculation in which the continuum is box discretised within a relative error of $0.01\%$ in the non-resonant part of the spectrum. Above the \He^{++} threshold our results agree on the other hand very well to a recent Floquet calculation. Thus our calculation confirms the previously reported deviations from the experimental reference data outside the claimed error estimate. In order to extend the calculated spectrum to very high energies, an analytical hydrogenic-type model tail is introduced that should become asymptotically exact for infinite photon energies. Its universality is investigated considering also H$^-$, Li$^+$, and HeH$^+$. With the aid of the tail corrections to the dipole approximation are estimated.Comment: 20 pages, 7 figures, 2 table

Papillomavirus E5: the smallest oncoprotein with many functions

Papillomaviruses (PVs) are established agents of human and animal cancers. They infect cutaneous and mucous epithelia. High Risk (HR) Human PVs (HPVs) are consistently associated with cancer of the uterine cervix, but are also involved in the etiopathogenesis of other cancer types. The early oncoproteins of PVs: E5, E6 and E7 are known to contribute to tumour progression. While the oncogenic activities of E6 and E7 are well characterised, the role of E5 is still rather nebulous. The widespread causal association of PVs with cancer makes their study worthwhile not only in humans but also in animal model systems. The Bovine PV (BPV) system has been the most useful animal model in understanding the oncogenic potential of PVs due to the pivotal role of its E5 oncoprotein in cell transformation. This review will highlight the differences between HPV-16 E5 (16E5) and E5 from other PVs, primarily from BPV. It will discuss the targeting of E5 as a possible therapeutic agent

Mitigation of human‐induced vertical vibrations of footbridges through crowd flow control

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Paleomagnetic record of basaltic volcanism from Pukaki and Onepoto maar lake cores, Auckland Volcanic Field, New Zealand

The Auckland Volcanic Field contains several maars that formed after the last interglacial and subsequently filled with sediment. Two of these maars, Pukaki and Onepoto, were recently cored as part of the Auckland Maar Lakes Project. The tephra stratigraphy of the cores indicates that sediment accumulated relatively slowly in both maars until the Holocene when ocean waters breached the craters and they filled up quite rapidly. Using u-channels, we collected 23 m of pre-Holocene lacustrine sediment from the Pukaki 1-01 core and 15 m from the Onepoto core. Paleomagnetic measurements were performed on these at the University of California, Davis. Environmental magnetic records from both cores provide insights in particular about the eruptive history of the Auckland Volcanic Field. The lack of a tephrostratigraphic control in the lower portion of the cores, and the lack of similar trends in the magnetic parameters, prevented a complete core correlation. The main finding is that local basaltic tephra layers visible in the cores show up as spikes in the concentration dependent magnetic parameters, suggesting that other spikes represent tephra layers that are not as easily discerned