A magyar gyógynövények neveinek történeti-etimológiai szótára = Etymological Dictionary of Hungarian Herbs

A magyar gyógynövények neveinek történeti-etimológiai szótára 2004 és 2007 között készítettem el a A magyar gyógynövények neveinek történeti-etimológiai szótárát, a történeti növénynévanyagot Priszter Szaniszló botanikus azonosította. Arra törekedtem, hogy a feldolgozott gyógynövénynevek eredetét, létrejöttének okát lehetőség szerint megmagyarázzam, hogy bemutassam szótörténetüket, és hogy dokumentáljam a magyar növénytani nómenklatúra (nevezéktan) alakulását, fejlődését. A szótár gyógynövények magyar elnevezéseit tartalmazza. Feldolgoztam az ún. "hivatalosan elismert" gyógynövényeket (ezeket a Magyar Gyógyszerkönyv, a hazai drogszabványok és az engedélyezett gyógynövénydrogok jegyzéke alapján választottam ki), valamint számos "nem hivatalosan elismert" gyógynövényt a régi herbáriumokból és füveskönyvekből, amelyeket elsősorban a népi gyógyászat használ. A szótár szócikkeinek szerkezetét a történeti-etimológiai szótárak szerkesztési elveinek megfelelően alakítottam ki. Technikailag a TESz. és az EWUng. felépítését követtem: a magyar szótörténet (szóalakok, alakváltozatok, a jelentés), majd az etimológiai megjegyzések, a szócikket pedig rövid bibliográfia zárja. | Etymological dictionary of Hungarian herb names This project presents the results of OTKA research carried out in 2004?2007 in the form of a dictionary, entitled Etymological dictionary of Hungarian herb names. The aim of the dictionary is to present a special part of the Hungarian vocabulary (Hungarian names of herbs) which previously has not been summarized. The dictionary covers over 4000 vocabulary items (plant names), the definitions of headwords have all been carefully controlled by Szaniszló Priszter, the botanist. The words are arranged in alphabetical order and the information is grouped into entries. Technically, the entries set by TESz. and EWUng. are followed. The information for each entry is listed in the following order: the history of words, different formation of words, the language where the word was taken from, etymological notes, foreign synonyms and, if it could be identified, the language where the word originates from and a short bibliography. The research also gives a view of the system of Hungarian plant names and makes an attempt to create models for analyzing plant names

Complete Genome Sequence of Propionibacterium avidum Strain 44067, Isolated from a Human Skin Abscess

Propionibacterium avidum is an anaerobic Gram-positive bacterium that forms part of the normal human cutaneous microbiota, colonizing moist areas such as the vestibule of the nose, axilla, and perineum. Here we present the complete genome sequence of P. avidum strain 44067, which was isolated from a carbuncle of the trunk

Cardiac miRNA Expression and their mRNA Targets in a Rat Model of Prediabetes

Little is known about the mechanism of prediabetes-induced cardiac dysfunction. Therefore, we aimed to explore key molecular changes with transcriptomic and bioinformatics approaches in a prediabetes model showing heart failure with preserved ejection fraction phenotype. To induce prediabetes, Long-Evans rats were fed a high-fat diet for 21 weeks and treated with a single low-dose streptozotocin at week 4. Small RNA-sequencing, in silico microRNA (miRNA)-mRNA target prediction, Gene Ontology analysis, and target validation with qRT-PCR were performed in left ventricle samples. From the miRBase-annotated 752 mature miRNA sequences expression of 356 miRNAs was detectable. We identified two upregulated and three downregulated miRNAs in the prediabetic group. We predicted 445 mRNA targets of the five differentially expressed miRNAs and selected 11 mRNAs targeted by three differentially expressed miRNAs, out of which five mRNAs were selected for validation. Out of these five targets, downregulation of three mRNAs i.e., Juxtaposed with another zinc finger protein 1 (Jazf1); RAP2C, member of RAS oncogene family (Rap2c); and Zinc finger with KRAB and SCAN domains 1 (Zkscan1) were validated. This is the first demonstration that prediabetes alters cardiac miRNA expression profile. Predicted targets of differentially expressed miRNAs include Jazf1, Zkscan1, and Rap2c mRNAs. These transcriptomic changes may contribute to the diastolic dysfunction and may serve as drug targets

The Absence of N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine Causes Attenuation of Virulence of Candida albicans upon Interaction with Vaginal Epithelial Cells In Vitro.

To better understand the molecular events underlying vulvovaginal candidiasis, we established an in vitro system. Immortalized vaginal epithelial cells were infected with live, yeast form C. albicans and C. albicans cultured in the same medium without vaginal epithelial cells were used as control. In both cases a yeast to hyphae transition was robustly induced. Whole transcriptome sequencing was used to identify specific gene expression changes in C. albicans. Numerous genes leading to a yeast to hyphae transition and hyphae specific genes were upregulated in the control hyphae and the hyphae in response to vaginal epithelial cells. Strikingly, the GlcNAc pathway was exclusively triggered by vaginal epithelial cells. Functional analysis in our in vitro system revealed that the GlcNAc biosynthesis is involved in the adherence to, and the ability to kill, vaginal epithelial cells in vitro, thus indicating the key role for this pathway in the virulence of C. albicans upon vulvovaginal candidiasis

Gyula László: Das awarenzeitliche Gräberfeld in Csákberény–Orondpuszta. Red.: József Szentpéteri.

Ez a monográfia – melyet az iskolateremtő professzor pályatársaiból, tanítványaiból és tisztelőiből álló szakemberek egy az 1936 és 1939 közötti csákberény–orondpusztai feltárások publikálására vállalkozó csoportja készített el – tisztelgés mindnyájunk Mestere, László Gyula (1910–1998) emléke előtt. A szerzőtársakkal és a kötetet befogadó Monumenta Avarorum Archaeologica sorozat szerkesztőivel együtt biztosak vagyunk abban, hogy pontosan 80 esztendővel a lelőhely felfedezése után nem csak egy régi adósságunkat törlesztjük a könyv publikálásával, s nem csupán a lelőhellyel kapcsolatos tudományos eredményeket foglaljuk össze a hazai és a nemzetközi szakirodalom számára, de megteremtjük a hiteles hátterét a további kutatómunka – így mindenekelőtt az egykor kényszerűen félbeszakadt ásatások – folytatásának is

Elevated Expression of AXL May Contribute to the Epithelial-to- Mesenchymal Transition in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients

Understanding the molecular mechanisms inducing and regulating epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) upon chronic intestinal inflammation is critical for understanding the exact pathomechanism of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aim of this study was to determine the expression profile of TAM family receptors in an inflamed colon. For this, we used a rat model of experimental colitis and also collected samples from colons of IBD patients. Samples were taken from both inflamed and uninflamed regions of the same colon; the total RNA was isolated, and the mRNA and microRNA expressions were monitored. We have determined that AXL is highly induced in active-inflamed colon, which is accompanied with reduced expression of AXL-regulating microRNAs. In addition, the expression of genes responsible for inducing or maintaining mesenchymal phenotype, such as SNAI1, ZEB2, VIM, MMP9, and HIF1α, were all significantly induced in the active-inflamed colon of IBD patients while the epithelial marker E-cadherin (CDH1) was downregulated. We also show that, in vitro, monocytic and colonic epithelial cells increase the expression of AXL in response to LPS or TNFα stimuli, respectively. In summary, we identified several interacting genes and microRNAs with mutually exclusive expression pattern in active-inflamed colon of IBD patients. Our results shed light onto a possible AXL- and microRNA-mediated regulation influencing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in IBD

Saxagliptin Cardiotoxicity in Chronic Heart Failure: The Role of DPP4 in the Regulation of Neuropeptide Tone

Dipeptidyl-peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitors are novel medicines for diabetes. The SAVORTIMI-53 clinical trial revealed increased heart-failure-associated hospitalization in saxagliptin-treated patients. Although this side effect could limit therapeutic use, the mechanism of this potential cardiotoxicity is unclear. We aimed to establish a cellular platform to investigate DPP4 inhibition and the role of its neuropeptide substrates substance P (SP) and neuropeptide Y (NPY), and to determine the expression of DDP4 and its neuropeptide substrates in the human heart. Western blot, radio-, enzyme-linked immuno-, and RNA scope assays were performed to investigate the expression of DPP4 and its substrates in human hearts. Calcein-based viability measurements and scratch assays were used to test the potential toxicity of DPP4 inhibitors. Cardiac expression of DPP4 and NPY decreased in heart failure patients. In human hearts, DPP4 mRNA is detectable mainly in cardiomyocytes and endothelium. Treatment with DPP4 inhibitors alone/in combination with neuropeptides did not affect viability but in scratch assays neuropeptides decreased, while saxagliptin co-administration increased fibroblast migration in isolated neonatal rat cardiomyocyte-fibroblast co-culture. Decreased DPP4 activity takes part in the pathophysiology of end-stage heart failure. DPP4 compensates against the elevated sympathetic activity and altered neuropeptide tone. Its inhibition decreases this adaptive mechanism, thereby exacerbating myocardial damage