Risk of HSIL (CIN 2-3) on colposcopic biopsy is minimal in postmenopausal women with LSIL on cytology and a negative HRHPV test

BackgroundCurrent cervical cancer screening guidelines recommend a 1-year follow-up period for patients with a postmenopausal low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) who are test negative for high-risk human papillomavirus (HrHPV). The aim of this study was to assess whether such patients had an increased immediate risk of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion. MethodsWe assessed 54 HrHPV-negative women with postmenopausal LSIL in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of our hospital between 2012 and 2013. All patients underwent liquid-based cytology and reflex HrHPV testing (for human papillomavirus [HPV] types 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 66, and 68). Colposcopic examination and guided biopsy were performed by the same gynecologist (MO). ResultsThe average age of the patients was 53.13.2 years. There were 33 patients (61%) with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 1 and 21 who were non-dysplastic. None of the patients was positive for CIN 2 or any other lesions. ConclusionsIf the HPV test is negative, repeat cytology after 12 months is recommended by the American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology for cases of HrHPV-negative postmenopausal LSIL. We recommend reflex HPV testing as the best choice for patients who test positive for postmenopausal LSIL by Pap smear, in line with the literature. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2016;44:969-974. (c) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc

Echocardiographic evaluation of diastolic functions in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: A comperative study of diastolic functions in sub-phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous endocrine disorder among reproductive-aged women. It is known to be associated with cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to determine and compare the echocardiographic data of patients according to the phenotypes of PCOS. Methods: This study included 113 patients with PCOS and 52 controls. Patients were classified into four potential PCOS phenotypes. Laboratory analyses and echocardiographic measurements were performed. Left ventricular mass was calculated by using Devereux formula and was indexed to body surface area. Results: Phenotype-1 PCOS patients had significantly higher homeostasis model assessment — insu­lin resistance (HOMA-IR) (p = 0.023), free testosterone (p < 0.001), LDL cholesterol levels (p < 0.001) and free androgen index (p < 0.001) compared with the control group. There were significant differences between groups regarding the septal thickness, posterior wall thickness, Left ventricular ejection frac­tion, E/A ratio and left ventricular mass index (for all, p < 0.05). PCOS patients with phenotype 1 and 2 had significantly higher left ventricular mass index than the control group (p < 0.001). In univariate and multivariate analyses, PCOS phenotype, modified Ferriman-Gallwey Score and estradiol were found as variables, which independently could affect the left ventricular mass index. Conclusions: This study showed that women in their twenties who specifically fulfilled criteria for PCOS phenotype-1 according to the Rotterdam criteria, had higher left ventricular mass index and decreased E/A ratio, which might be suggestive of early stage diastolic dysfunction. (Cariol J 2017; 24, 4: 364–373

Effects of pericervical tourniquet on intraoperative bleeding at abdominal myomectomy

Uterusun kanlanmasının temel kaynağı uterin arterlerdir. Uterin arterler, uterusun lateral isthmik seviyesinden uterusa girer ve ikiye ayrılır. Asendan dal, uterus korpusunu beslerken desendan dal, üst vajinal bölgeye dağılır. Asendan uterin arter akımının azaltılması veya kesilmesi, uterus korpusuna yapılacak olan cerrahi işlemlerde kanamayı azaltacaktır. Semptomatik leiomyomlarda en çok tercih edilen tedavi yöntemi cerrahidir. Bu çalışmada, abdominal myomektomide genellikle tercih edilen konvansiyonel yöntemle periservikal turnike uygulamasının etkinlik bakımından karşılaştırılması amaç- lanmıştır. Yöntem: Ocak 2013-Ocak 2014 tarihleri arasında abdominal myomektomi uygulanan 45 kadın iki gruba ayrıldı: (1) paraservikal turnike tekniği (15 hasta) ve (2) konvansiyonel teknik (30 hasta). Submüköz, subseröz ve parazitik myom tanısı olan hastalar çalışma dışı bırakıldı. Periservikal turnike yardımlı myomektomi için uterusun isthmik seviyesinin her iki yanından, uterin arter ve venin asendan dalının lateralinden ve ligamentum latum içinden 16F sonda çepeçevre sarılıp, anterior bölgede bağlanarak turnike uygulandı. Bulgular: Ortalama operasyon süresi periservikal turnike tekniği için 54.7 dakika ve konvansiyonel teknik için 54.6 dakikadır (p>0.05). Turnike uygulanan ve uygulanmayan gruplar, hastanede kalış süresi bakımından benzerdir (2.5 vs 2.6 gün, p>0.05). İki grup arasında, perioperatif komplikasyonlar açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark saptanmamıştır (p>0.05). Hemoglobin ve hematokrit değişiklikleri, turnike uygulanan grupta daha düşüktür ancak bu fark, istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değildir ( >0.05). Sonuç: Periservikal turnike yardımlı teknik, uygulanabilir ve etkili bir yöntemdir.Background: Uterine arteries are the major source of blood flow of the uterus. At the lateral isthmic level, uterine artery divides into two branches and enters the uterus. The ascending branch mainly nourishes uterine corpus while the descending branch provides blood supply for the upper vaginal area. Reduction or discontinuation of ascending uterine artery flow will reduce bleeding during surgical procedures. Surgery is the most preferred treatment in symptomatic leiomyomas. The present study aims to compare the efficacy of conventional and pericervical tourniquet assisted techniques in abdominal myomectomy. Method: Fourty-five women who underwent abdominal myomectomy between January 2013 and January 2014 were allocated into two groups: (1) pericervical tourniquet -assisted technique (15 patients) and (2) conventional technique (30 patients). The patients with submucous, subserosal and parasitic fibroids were excluded. For pericervical tourniquet assisted myomectomy, 16F catheter was strapped around the isthmic level on both sides of the uterus so that tourniquet was applied in front of the anterior region. Results: The mean hospital stay was 2.5 days for the pericervical tourniquet -assisted technique and 2.6 days for the conventional technique (p>0.05). The mean operation time was 54.7 minutes for the pericervical tourniquet -assisted technique and 54.6 minutes for the conventional technique (p>0.05). Both groups were statistically similar in aspect of perioperative complications as well as hemoglobin and hematocrit changes (p>0.05 for all). Conclusion: Pericervical tourniquet-assisted technique is a feasible and effective method for performing myomectomy

Postpartum Bilateral Sacroiliitis caused by Brucella Infection

Early diagnosis of this septic sacroiliitis is difficult because symptoms are nonspecific during the postpartum period. In this case we dicscuss about a patient with bilateral buttock pain unresolved with painkillers and rest, after an induction delivery. A 31-year-old woman was presented to our clinic on the second week of postpartum period with bilateral buttock pain. She was subfebrile and had no apparent abnormality on her pelvic X-ray. The pain was so severe that she was unable to walk properly. Sacroiliac MRI during the acute episode of pain showed bone marrow oedema and fluid within the bilateral sacroiliac joint. She was found seropositive for brucellosis and the patient completely recovered with antibiotherapy treatment. We stopped our patient from breastfeeding when the Rose Bengal test turned out positive. Brucella sacroiliitis should be considered in puerperium period women when buttock pain and difficulty in walking are present and pain is unresponsive to analgesics

Maternal genetic contribution to pre-pregnancy obesity, gestational weight gain, and gestational diabetes mellitus

Abstract Introduction Pre-pregnancy obesity, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and gestational weight gain (GWG) are associated with each other. This is the first study to investigate whether genetic variants were associated with having GDM, and whether genetic variants-related GDM were associated with adiposity including pre-pregnancy obesity and excessive GWG in Turkish women. Patients and methods Women with GDM (n = 160) and without GDM (n = 145) were included in case-controlled study. Genotyping of the HNF1A gene (p.I27L rs1169288, p.98V rs1800574, p.S487N rs2464196), the VDR gene (p.BsmI rs1544410, p.ApaI rs7975232, p.TaqI rs731236, p.FokI rs2228570), and FTO gene (rs9939609) SNPs were performed by using RT-PCR. Results The FTO AA genotype was associated with an increased risk of having GDM (AA vs. AT + TT, 24.4% vs. 12.4%, OR = 2.27, 95% CI [1.23–4.19], p = 0.007). The HNF1A p.I27L GT/TT genotype was associated with increased GDM risk (GT + TT vs. GG-wild, 79.4% vs. 65.5%, OR = 2.02, 95% CI 1.21–3.38], p = 0.007). However, all VDR gene SNPs and the HNF1A p.A98V, p.S487N were not associated with having GDM (p > 0.05). The FTO AA genotype was associated with an increased risk for pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity (OR = 1.43, 95% CI [1.25–3.4], p = 0.035), but not associated with excessive GWG after adjusting for pre-pregnancy weight (p > 0.05). Pre-pregnancy weight, weight at delivery, and GWG did not differ in both VDR and HNF1A gene carriers (p > 0.05). HOMA-IR and HbA1c were increased in both p.I27L TT and FTO AA genotype carriers (p < 0.05). Conclusion The adiposity-related gene FTO is associated with GDM by the effect of FTO on pre-pregnancy obesity. The diabetes-related p.I27L gene is associated with GDM by increasing insulin resistance

Yarı dolu mesane ile yapılan vajinal histerektomi

Yarı dolu mesane ile yapılan vajinal histerektom

Repeated application of luteal phase oestradiol/GnRH antagonist priming increases IVF success for poor ovarian reserve patients

We aimed to compare repeated LPP (luteal phase oestradiol LPP/GnRH antagonists protocol) treatment with different protocol results with poor ovarian response (POR) patients. Two hundred and ninety-three cycles with poor ovarian reserve who underwent LPP, microdose flare up protocol and antagonist protocol were included in the study. Of these, 38 patients were applied LPP in the first cycle and LPP in the second cycle. After the microdose or antagonist protocol applied in the first cycle, LPP was applied to 29 patients in the second cycle. There are 128 patients who received LPP only once and 31 patients who received microdose flare up only once. The clinical pregnancy rate was monitored higher in LPP application group in the second cycle than the patients who received only LPP and patients who received LPP after different protocols (p = .035). b-hCG positivity per embryo and clinical pregnancy rate were found to be significantly higher with the LPP application in the second protocol (p = .000, p = .001). Repeated LPP may be the first choice protocol for low ovarian reserve patients

A New Etiologic Factor for Adnexal Torsion: Congenital Omental Fenestrum

Torsion seen in ovary, fallopian tube or in both organs is one of the gynecologic emergency pathologies in patients suffering from acute lower abdominal pain, and it constitutes approximately 2.7% of gynecologic emergencies. Delays in diagnosis and treatment can cause ischemic damage, in that way can cause the risk of ovary, fallopian tube or both organs loss. Thus, it can result in fertility problems in people who are desiring future fertility. Although the etiology is not totally known, it has been thought that torsion risk has been increasing in benign cystic teratomas and ovarian tumors. It can be also seen in congenital situations such as vitellointestinal duct anomaly and people who have undergone pelvic surgery. In this article, a case for adnexal torsion developed in congenital omental fenestrum which is considered as a new factor for torsion etiology, was explained

A Historical Technique for Replacement of Postpartum Uterine Inversion: A Case Report

Acute puerperal uterine inversion is an unpredictable life threatening obstetrical complication. The etiology is unknown; but, traction of the umbilical cord before detachment of placenta and application of pressure over fundus are blamed and considered as risk factors. We are reporting a case of uterine inversion in which the uterus could not be replaced manually due to cervical constriction ring, and in which the uterus had to be replaced using a method described originally by Spinelli