328 research outputs found
Areal distribution of water-insoluble particles in snow covers of the central mountainous area, Japan
The vertical snow samples collected from 6 locations (Iou-zen: 800m A.M.S.L; the nearest site
from the Sea of Japan, Kongoudou-zan: 1300m, Nishi-Hodaka-Dake: 2200m; the Northern Japan Alps,
Hachimori-yama: 2100m, Kiriga-mine: 2000m, Yatsuga-take: 2200m; the most inlying site) in the central mountainous area, Japan, during early spring season 2004, were analyzed for size-separated concentrations of water-insoluble particles in snow layers to investigation of long-range transportation of chemical substances from the Asian continent to high mountainous areas in Japan.
Most of particles are less than 30 ÎŒm in diameter, the greater part of particles observed at the 6 locations were considered to be transported from the Asian continent sources as Asian dust (KOSA). The variation patterns of the vertical profiles of particle concentrations in snow layers were corresponding among each
location. The concentrations of particles with less than 30 ÎŒm was gradually increased with increasing distance from the Sea of Japan to the Japan Alps, although, sharply-decreased at 3 sites located the monsoon-leeward of the Japan Alps, suggesting that the particles transported with monsoon were gradually removed from air and deposited in snow cover when the air parcel pass through the Japan Alps
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ã«ãããŠãåç姿å¢å¶åŸ¡ã®èªååã«äŒŽãææéåã®äžŠè¡å¶åŸ¡èœãåäžããããšã幌å
ã«ããããã®åäžã¯ãæ人ã«æ¯ã¹ãŠäœãããã€ãã®æ§çžã¯ç·åã§é¡èã§ããããšã瀺ããã®ãšèãããããWe investigated simultaneous control of dynamic standing posture on an oscillating platform and the upper limb movement in adults (15 men and 15 women, aged 19-23 yrs.) and children (20 boys and 11 girls, aged 5-6 yrs.).The oscillating table mounted with a force platform was oscillated sinusoidaly in anteroposterior direction with 2.5 cm amplitude and 0.5 Hz frequency. A target spot, which was presented on a face mounting display, was moved sinusoidaly in lateral direction with visual angle of 20 degrees and 0.3 Hz frequency. Upper limb movement was picked up using electric signal of a potentiometer that was controlled toward lateral direction. A tracing spot for following the target spot, which was controlled by the upper limb, was also presented on the display. The limb movement was measured for 1 minute in quiet standing (Control) after the limb training session. After that, the floor oscillation for 1 minute was repeated 6 times. The limb movement was simultaneously performed in the 1st and 6th trials.For all subjects, the mean speed of the fluctuation of center of foot pressure decreased rapidly until the 3rd trial, exhibiting no significant change thereafter. The speed in the 6th trial was significantly increased relative to that in the 5th trial for both sexes of adult-group and for boys. The limb tracing performance was the lowest in the 1st trial in adult-and child-groups. No significant difference in the tracing performance was found between Control and the 6st trials for adult-group. The performance of the 6th trial in child-group was significantly lower than that of Control trial.These results suggest that (1) simultaneous control of dynamic standing posture and the upper limb movement improves with automatization of the postural control ; (2) the improvement in children, especially in boys, was inferior to that in adults.ç 究課é¡/é åçªå·:15500407, ç 究æé(幎床):2003-2004åºå
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šãŠã®çŸ€ã«ãããŠåæã®è©Šè¡ã§å€§ããæžå°ãã第6-10è©Šè¡ã§ã¯äœãå€ãç¶æããããµãã±ãŒã矀以å€ã§ã¯ã第11è©Šè¡ã§ã®å¹³åé床ã第10è©Šè¡ã«æ¯ã¹ãŠææã«å¢å ããããŸããè¿œåŸçŸ€ã§ã®ãã®å¢å ã¯åå¿çŸ€ã«æ¯ã¹ãŠææã«å€§ããã£ããçŒçéåã®æ瞟ã¯ãã¹ã ãŒã¹çŸ€ã«ãããŠã®ã¿ç¬¬1è©Šè¡ãcontro1ãšç¬¬11è©Šè¡ã«æ¯ã¹ãŠææã«äœãã£ããææéåã§ã¯åæ§ã®çµæãåå¿çŸ€ãšè¿œåŸçŸ€ã«èªããããããããã¯ã姿å¢å¶åŸ¡ã®èªååã«äŒŽãçŒçããã³ææã®éåã®äžŠè¡å¶åŸ¡èœãåäžããããéææ§ã®åŒ·ãéåã§ã¯å§¿å¢å¶åŸ¡ãšã®å¹²æžã倧ããããšã瀺ããã®ãšèãããããWe investigated changes in control of the eye movement and upper limb movement with automatization of postural control during floor vibration. The subjects were healthy university students, all of them had no experience of floor vibration. The saccadic eye movement (S-group, n=9) and smooth pursuit eye movement (P-group, n=10) were adopted as the eye movement. The reaction movement (R-group, n=10) and tracking movement (T-group, n=10) were adopted as the upper limb movement. A vibration table mounted with a force platform was vibrated sinusoidaly in anteroposterior direction under the condition of 2.5 cm amplitude and 0.5 Hz frequency. A visual target was presented on a face mounting display. The movement of the eye and upper limb were picked up using the electro-oculogram technique and electric signal of a potentiometer that was controlled by the upper limb, respectively. For T-group, a spot for following the visual target, which was controlled by the electric signal of potentiometer, was presented on the face mounting display. The visual target was alternately moved toward left and right for random durations of 2-4 s for S- and R-groups, and was moved sinusoidaly in horizontal level under the condition of 0.3 Hz for P- and T-groups. A visual angle was set at 20 degree. The eye movement or upper limb movement was measured (Control) after the training session for each movement. After that the floor vibration for 1 minute was repeated 11 times. The eye movement or upper limb movement was simultaneously performed in the 1st and llth trials.For all subject-groups, the mean speed of the fluctuation of center of foot pressure decreased in initial trials, while after that it was constantly maintained till the 10th trial. The mean speed in the llth trial was significantly increased relative to that in the 10th trial for all subject-groups except S-group. This increase was significantly greater for T-group than for R-group. The eye movement performance of the 1st trial in only for S-group was inferior to that of Control and the llth trial. A similar phenomenon was found in the performance of the upper limb movement for R- and T-groups. These results suggest that (1) simultaneous postural control with the eye movement or the upper limb movement improves with automatization of postural control, (2) the large interference occurs when the more voluntary movement was simultaneously performed with postural control.ç 究課é¡/é åçªå·:12680020, ç 究æé(幎床):2000-2001åºå
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