254 research outputs found
Some clinical aspects of rheumatoid arthritis
In our department we have been placing a special emphasis on the treatment and study of rheumatoid arthritis, and during the last four years we have handled about 1,600 cases visiting our outpatient clinic and approximately 100 hospitalized cases. Our experiences with these patients are only what might be called an introductory phase in the study and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis when compared with those in Europe
and America. In estimating the incidence of rheumatoid arthritis in Japan from various available data, although it would not reach the level of England and U.S.A., it will be about 100 cases per 100,000 population, matching
more or less the incidence in the northern Europe. As regards sex and the predisposing age we find no great difference from those in Europe and America. One striking difference that we find is the fact that patients in our
country have very little resistance against salicylic acid drug used in treatment. Therefore, it is unreasonable to expect a good anti-inflammatory action by administering a large dosage of 5-10g of such a drug as aspirin per day. It must be limited within a comparatively small dosage of 1.0 to 2.0 g or with concomitant administration of prednisolone and aspirin in the hope of utilizing its analgesic effect. Furthermore, it is not feasible to introduce the results of studies made in Europe and America on the salicylic drug and its prescription all of them showing the concentration in blood 35 mg%, which is on the borderline of intoxicating dosage. This is only one example, and with some more experiences we shall undoubtedly encounter many dissimilar points. Therefore, it is essential that rheumatology specific to Japan needs to be established.</p
Redshift Dependent Lag-Luminosity Relation in 565 BASTE Gamma Ray Bursts
We compared redshifts from Yonetoku relation and from the
lag-luminosity relation for 565 BASTE GRBs and were surprised to find that the
correlation is very low. Assuming that the luminosity is a function of both
and the intrinsic spectral lag , we found a new redshift
dependent lag-luminosity relation as with the correlation coefficient of 0.77
and the chance probability of . To check the validity of
this method, we examined the other luminosity indicator, Amati relation, using
and the observed fluence and found the correlation coefficient of 0.92
and the chance probability of . Although the spectral lag
is computed from two channels of BATSE, our new lag-luminosity relation
suggests that a possible lag-luminosity relation in the \swift era should also
depend on redshift
Constraints on and of Dark Energy from High Redshift Gamma Ray Bursts
We extend the Hubble diagram up to using 63 gamma-ray bursts (GRBs)
via peak energy-peak luminosity relation (so called Yonetoku relation), and
obtain constraints on cosmological parameters including dynamical dark energy
parametrized by . It is found that
the current GRB data are consistent with the concordance model, (), within two sigma level.
Although constraints from GRBs themselves are not so strong, they can improve
the conventional constraints from SNeIa because GRBs have much higher
redshifts. Further we estimate the constraints on the dark-energy parameters
expected by future observations with GLAST (Gamma-ray Large Area Space
Telescope) and \swift by Monte-Carlo simulation. Constraints would improve
substantially with another 150 GRBs.Comment: 5 pages, 6 figures. Submitted tu MNRA
Gamma-Ray Bursts in Suggest that the Time Variation of the Dark Energy is Small
We calibrated the peak energy-peak luminosity relation of GRBs (so called
Yonetoku relation) using 33 events with the redshift without
assuming any cosmological models. The luminosity distances to GRBs are
estimated from those of large amount of Type Ia supernovae with . This
calibrated Yonetoku relation can be used as a new cosmic distance ladder toward
higher redshifts. We determined the luminosity distances of 30 GRBs in using the calibrated relation and plotted the likelihood contour in
plane. We obtained for a flat universe. Since our
method is free from the circularity problem, we can say that our universe in
is compatible with the so called concordance cosmological model
derived for . This suggests that the time variation of the dark energy
is small or zero up to .Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, accepted to MNRA
Cosmological Constraints from calibrated Yonetoku and Amati relation implies Fundamental plane of Gamma-ray bursts
We consider two empirical relations using data only from the prompt emission
of Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs), peak energy () - peak luminosity ()
relation (so called Yonetoku relation) and -isotropic energy () relation (so called Amati relation). We first suggest the independence
of the two relations although they have been considered similar and dependent.
From this viewpoint, we compare constraints on cosmological parameters,
and , from the Yonetoku and Amati relations
calibrated by low-redshift GRBs with . We found that they are
different in 1- level, although they are still consistent in 2-
level. This and the fact that both Amati and Yonetoku relations have systematic
errors larger than statistical errors suggest the existence of a hidden
parameter of GRBs. We introduce the luminosity time defined by as a hidden parameter to obtain a generalized Yonetoku
relation as . The new relation has much smaller systematic
error, 30%, and can be regarded as "Fundamental plane" of GRBs. We show a
possible radiation model for this new relation. Finally we apply the new
relation for high-redshift GRBs with to obtain
, which is consistent with the
concordance cosmological model within 2- level.Comment: 5 pages, 6 figures, published in JCA
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