Polarization Effects in Chargino Production at High Energy γγ\gamma\gamma Colliders

We investigate the chargino production process $\gamma\gamma\rightarrow\tilde{W}^{+}\tilde{W}^{-}$ at high energy $\gamma\gamma$ colliders in the framework of the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM). Here the high energy $\gamma$ beams are obtained by the backward Compton scattering of the laser flush by the electron in the basic linear TeV $ee$ colliders. We consider the polarization of the laser photons as well as the electron beams. Appropriate beam polarization could be effective to enhance the cross section and for us to extract the signal from the dominant background $\gamma\gamma\rightarrow{W}^{+}{W}^{-}$.Comment: 7 pages, latex , 3 figures are available upon reques

違憲立法審査権の研究―西ドイツ連邦憲法裁判所を中心として

金沢大学法文学部研究課題/領域番号:X43095-----82515, 研究期間(年度):1968出典：研究課題「違憲立法審査権の研究―西ドイツ連邦憲法裁判所を中心として」課題番号 X43095-----82515（KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所）） （https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-X43095-----82515/）を加工して作

AGEs increase IL-6 and ICAM-1 expression

Background and Objectives: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a risk factor for periodontal diseases and may exacerbate the progression of the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) cause DM complications relative to levels of glycemic control and larger amounts accumulate in the periodontal tissues of patients with periodontitis and DM. In the present study, we investigated the effects of AGEs on the expression of inflammation-related factors in human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) in order to elucidate the impact of AGEs on DM-associated periodontitis. Materials and Methods: HGFs were cultured with or without AGEs. Cell viability was examined, and RNA and protein fractions were isolated from AGE-treated cells. The expression of IL-6, ICAM-1, and the receptor for AGE (RAGE) was investigated using RT-PCR, quantitative real-time PCR, and ELISA, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) activity was measured using a kit with 2’,7’-dichlorofluorescin diacetate. Human monocytic cells (THP-1) labelled with a fluorescent reagent were co-cultured with HGFs treated with AGEs and IL-6 siRNA, and the adhesive activity of THP-1 cells to HGFs was assessed. The expression of IL-6 and ICAM-1 was examined when HGFs were pretreated with recombinant human IL-6 (rhIL-6), the siRNAs of RAGE and IL-6, and inhibitors of MAPK and NF-κB, and then cultured with and without AGEs. The phosphorylation of MAPK and NF-κB was assessed using Western blotting. Results: AGEs increased the mRNA and protein expressions of RAGE, IL-6, ICAM-1 and ROS activity in HGFs, and promoted the adhesion of THP-1 cells to HGFs, but had no effect on cell viability until 72 h. rhIL-6 increased ICAM-1 expression in HGFs, while the siRNAs of RAGE and IL-6 inhibited AGE-induced IL6 and ICAM1 mRNA expression, and IL-6 siRNA depressed AGE-induced THP-1 cell adhesion. AGEs increased the phosphorylation of p38 and ERK MAPKs, p65 NF-κB, and IκBα, while inhibitors of p38, ERK MAPKs, and NF-κB significantly decreased AGE-induced IL-6 and ICAM-1 expression. Conclusions: AGEs increase IL-6 and ICAM-1 expression via the RAGE, MAPK and NF-κB pathways in HGFs and may exacerbate the progression of the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases

Light Scalar Top and Heavy Top Signature at CDF

We propose a mechanism which could explain a slight excess of top signal rate recently reported by CDF in the framework of the supersymmetric standard model. If the scalar partner of the top (stop) is sufficiently light, the gluino with an appropriate mass could decay into the stop plus the top with almost 100\% branching ratio and experimental signatures of the gluino pair production could be indistinguishable from those of the top production in the present integrated luminosity Tevatron running. In this case the standard top signal, $W$ $+$ multi-jets events, would be effectively enhanced by the additional gluino contribution. It is shown, moreover, that such a mechanism can actually work in the radiative SU(2)$\times$U(1) breaking model without the GUT relations between the gaugino mass parameters.Comment: 8 pages (LaTeX), 3 figures not included (available on request) ; ITP-SU-94/03, RUP-94-0

Neuropeptide oxytocin enhances μ opioid receptor signaling as a positive allosteric modulator

Oxytocin (OT) is a 9-amine neuropeptide that plays an essential role in mammalian labor, lactation, maternal bonding, and social affiliation. OT has been reported to exert an analgesic effect in both humans and animals, and the results of certain animal experiments have shown that the analgesic effect of OT is partially blocked by opioid receptor antagonists. To investigate the relationship between OT and μ opioid receptor (MOR), we evaluated how OT affects MOR in vitro by performing an electrical impedance-based receptor biosensor assay (CellKey™ assay), an intracellular cAMP assay, and a competitive receptor-binding analysis by using cells stably expressing human MOR and OT receptor. In both the CellKey™ assay and the intracellular cAMP assay, OT alone exerted no direct agonistic effect on human MOR, but treatment with 10−6 M OT markedly enhanced the MOR signaling induced by 10−6 M endomorphin-1, β-endorphin, morphine, fentanyl, and DAMGO. Moreover, in the competitive receptor-binding assay, 10−6 M OT did not alter the affinity of endomorphin-1 or morphine for MOR. These results suggest that OT could function as a positive allosteric modulator that regulates the efficacy of MOR signaling, and thus OT might represent a previously unrecognized candidate analgesic agent. Keywords: Oxytocin, μ opioid receptor, Positive allosteric modulator, Analgesia, G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR