博物館学のｸﾞﾛｰﾊﾞﾙ化を目指して ―上海大学博物館学研修の実践から―

平成28年度学長裁量経費に｢博物館学課程のｸﾞﾛｰﾊﾞﾙ化に向けた上海大学博物館学研修の実践｣が採択された｡本稿は､長崎国際大学人間社会学部と上海大学博物館との協定調印により実現した博物館学研修について考察する｡具体的には博物館学研修実践の経緯､研修内容の構成､ｱﾝｹｰﾄ調査による研修生からの評価について報告する｡その結果､本学の博物館学の質的向上とｸﾞﾛｰﾊﾞﾙ化に及ぼした影響と今後の課題を提示し､来年度の研修に対する改善策を見出す｡また上海大学側による本学学生の受け入れを実現すべく､その方策を考究するものである｡Implementation of the Shanghai University Museology Course toward the Globalization of Museology was adopted as a part of the 2016 university president discretionary expenses. This paper examines the museology course created through an agreement signed between the Nagasaki International University Faculty of Human and Social Studies and the Museum of Shanghai University. Specifically, the paper reports on the background leading up to implementation of the museology course, the structure of the course contents and evaluations of the course through questionnaire surveys answered by course takers. Results show an improvement in the quality of museology at our university as well as the course\u27s influence on globalization and future issues, and our goal is to find ways to improve the course for next year. In addition, measures are investigated that would make it possible for Shanghai University to accept students from our university

地域の拠点機能に求められる道の駅のあり方 ―道の駅博物館の地域に果たす役割と課題―

本稿は､現代社会における｢ 道の駅 ｣が果たす役割と今後の課題について､｢ 道の駅博物館 ｣に焦点を充てながら考察を試みるものである｡特に｢ 道の駅 ｣は防災拠点として注目されており､｢ 道の駅 ｣が果たす役割と求められる機能は従来のものから少しずつ変化しているのが現状である｡進化する｢ 道の駅 ｣の目的理念と､地域の交流拠点として｢ 道の駅博物館 ｣が果たすべき役割について､長崎県と岩手県の｢ 道の駅博物館 ｣を事例として論じる｡この｢ 道の駅博物館 ｣の提唱は､利用者が道の駅に訪れる際の新たな活用方法となることが期待できるものである｡さらに本稿は､｢ 道の駅博物館 ｣の資質の向上と学芸員採用の増加の一助になることを期待するものである｡This paper attempts to observe the role that roadside stations play in modern society and related future issues with a focus on “roadside station museums.” “Roadside stations” are drawing particular attention as disaster protection centers, and the roles and functions required of “roadside stations” are gradually changing. This paper discusses the mission of evolving roadside stations and the role that “roadside station museums” should play as regional hubs for interaction using “roadside station museums” in Nagasaki and Iwate Prefectures as examples. This proposal for “roadside station museums” is expected to provide a new way for visitors to use roadside stations when they visit. In addition, this paper is expected to be of assistance in making fundamental improvements to “roadside station museums” and increasing the number of curators hired

陝西省・甘粛省・ウイグル自治区の観光における博物館活用の研究―中国甘粛省における博物館の現状と観光活用―

本研究は、平成30年度長崎国際大学国際観光学科共同研究の一環として実施した、中国西北域の博物館、遺跡、史跡、世界遺産、古鎮などの調査結果に基づく論考である。本年度は甘粛省に焦点を絞り、当該地域の博物館及び遺跡、世界遺産などを調査し、観光における博物館の活用と中国における観光対策について分析を図った。中国の博物館は近年急速に発展を遂げており、展示技術、建築物をはじめとして日本の技術をはるかに超えているのが現状である。それと同時に中国の観光整備も進み、観光客に対して過ごしやすい環境が整い、地元住民の意識も変化してきたと言える。中国の博物館や町並みの変化を調査し、中国における博物館の観光活用と観光に対する意識の動向を明らかにすることを目的とする

陝西省・甘粛省・ウイグル自治区の観光における博物館活用の研究―中国陝西省・河南省・河北省における博物館の現状と観光活用―

本研究は、平成30年度に採択された長崎国際大学国際観光学科共同研究の一環として実施した、中国西北域の博物館、遺跡、史跡、世界遺産などの調査結果に基づく論考である。本年度は陝西省西安市及び河南省・河北省に焦点を絞り、当該地域の博物館、大学博物館、遺跡、世界遺産などを調査し、中国における博物館の観光活用とその対策についての分析を行った。中国の博物館は近年急速に発展を遂げており、映像展示技術や諸建築物をはじめとして日本の博物館を凌駕する点も多々見られる。それと同時に中国の観光整備も進み、観光客に対して過ごしやすい環境が整い、地元住民の意識も変化してきたと言える。このようなことから、中国における博物館の観光活用と観光に対する意識の動向を明らかにすることを目的とする。なお、当所予定していたウイグル地区の調査については、一時暴動が発生し治安上の観点から、調査地を河南省と河北省に変更したものである

Outer Membrane Vesicles of Helicobacter pylori TK1402 are Involved in Biofilm Formation

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>Helicobacter pylori </it>forms biofilms on glass surfaces at the air-liquid interface in <it>in vitro </it>batch cultures; however, biofilms of <it>H. pylori </it>have not been well characterized. In the present study, we analyzed the ability of <it>H. pylori </it>strains to form biofilms and characterized the underlying mechanisms of <it>H. pylori </it>biofilm formation.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Strain TK1402 showed strong biofilm forming ability relative to the other strains in Brucella broth supplemented with 7% FCS. The strong biofilm forming ability of TK1402 is reflected the relative thickness of the biofilms. In addition, outer membrane vesicles (OMV) were detected within the matrix of only the TK1402 biofilms. Biofilm formation was strongly correlated with the production of OMV in this strain. We further observed that strain TK1402 did not form thick biofilms in Brucella broth supplemented with 0.2% β-cyclodextrin. However, the addition of the OMV-fraction collected from TK1402 could enhance biofilm formation.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The results suggested that OMV produced from TK1402 play an important role in biofilm formation in strain TK1402.</p

中国における地域文化の観光学及び博物館学的研究―雲南省大理を事例として―

本稿は2016～2017年度の2年度に亘り実施した、板垣・落合・三浦の共同研究第2回目、大理市の調査結果をもとに考察を試みたものである。雲南省を代表する2大観光地となった麗江市と大理市は、そのまま野外博物館としての存在感を示し、また世界遺産登録の有無に関わらず世界各地から多くの観光客を集める中国有数の観光地として脚光を浴び続けている。今回の調査では、いにしえ隆盛を極めた大理市古城地区が、古鎮として当時をしのぶ姿を今日にとどめている現状、世界遺産登録が日本人観光客の観光目的化に及ぼす影響、地元民の文化としての「食」が、観光のまなざしを受ける中でどの様に変容したのかや持続的な「食」の伝統保持等の視点をもとに論究したものである

VCAM-1/α4β1 Integrin Interaction is Crucial for Prompt Recruitment of Immune T Cells into the Brain During the Early Stage of Reactivation of Chronic Infection with \u3cem\u3eToxoplasma gondii\u3c/em\u3e to Prevent Toxoplasmic Encephalitis

Reactivation of chronic infection with Toxoplasma gondii can cause life-threatening toxoplasmic encephalitis in immunocompromised individuals. We examined the role of VCAM-1/α4β1 integrin interaction in T cell recruitment to prevent reactivation of the infection in the brain. SCID mice were infected and treated with sulfadiazine to establish a chronic infection. VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 were the endothelial adhesion molecules detected on cerebral vessels of the infected SCID and wild-type animals. Immune T cells from infected wild-type mice were treated with anti-α4 integrin or control antibodies and transferred into infected SCID or nude mice, and the animals received the same antibody every other day. Three days later, sulfadiazine was discontinued to initiate reactivation of infection. Expression of mRNAs for CD3δ, CD4, CD8β, gamma interferon (IFN-γ), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2) (an effector molecule to inhibit T. gondii growth) and the numbers of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the brain were significantly less in mice treated with anti-α4 integrin antibody than in those treated with control antibody at 3 days after sulfadiazine discontinuation. At 6 days after sulfadiazine discontinuation, cerebral tachyzoite-specific SAG1 mRNA levels and numbers of inflammatory foci associated with tachyzoites were markedly greater in anti-α4 integrin antibody-treated than in control antibody-treated animals, even though IFN-γ and NOS2 mRNA levels were higher in the former than in the latter. These results indicate that VCAM-1/α4β1 integrin interaction is crucial for prompt recruitment of immune T cells and induction of IFN-γ-mediated protective immune responses during the early stage of reactivation of chronic T. gondii infection to control tachyzoite growth

Expression of HER2, EGFR, CD44, PPARγ and AR in Salivary Cancer-immunohistochemical Analysis Focusing on the Possibility of Specialized Molecular-targeted and Hormonal Therapy for Different Histological Subtypes

The aim of this study was to determine the expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), CD44 and androgen receptor (AR) in adenoid cystic carcinomas (ACC), carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenomas (CXPA) and mucoepidermoid carcinomas (MEC) of the salivary glands, to investigate their molecular difference and to estimate the availability of molecular-targeted and hormonal therapy in salivary-gland tumors. Forthy patients with a salivary gland tumor, diagnosed and treated at our hospital, were studied. On the basis of histopathology, 10, 19 and 11 patients were identified with ACC, CXPA and MEC, respectively. The associations between histological types were evaluated by the chi-square test. Differences were considered statistically significant at P < 0.05. HER2-positive expression was observed in 10% of ACC, 84% of CXPA and 18% of MEC. EGFR-positive expression was observed in 40% of ACC, 68% of CXPA and 91% of MEC. CD44-positive expression was observed in 40% of ACC, 47% of CXPA and 91% of MEC. PPARγ-positive expression was observed in 10% of ACC, 53% of CXPA and 18% of MEC. AR-positive expression was observed in 20% of ACC, 32% of CXPA and 9% of MEC. Compared with other histological types, CXPA demonstrated significant HER2 and PPARγ staining and MEC demonstrated significant EGFR and CD44 staining. The differences in expression of markers between histological types in our study suggests the possibility that HER2- and PPARγ-targeted therapy may be effective in CXPA, and that EGFR-target therapy may be effective in MEC of the salivary glands

Transurethral resection for botryoid bladder rhabdomyosarcoma

The outcome of multimodal therapy for localized bladder rhabdomyosarcoma is quite good in terms of morbidity, and conservative surgery is generally recommended. However, in cases originating in the bladder neck, tumorectomy or partial cystectomy has adverse effects on bladder function. A 2-year-old girl underwent transurethral resection of a bladder tumor (TUR-BT), chemotherapy consisting of vincristine, actinomycin-D, and cyclophosphamide, and radiotherapy. She was in remission for 3 years when frequent urination became evident. Her bladder capacity and compliance were low; however, her urinary symptom was controlled using anticholinergic medication. Accordingly, TUR-BT could be an optional approach for bladder rhabdomyosarcoma

平成27年度学長裁量経費採択事業｢留学生に対する博物館学の啓発と博物館学教育の質的向上の実践｣の成果報告と今後の課題

国際観光学科博物館学芸員課程委員会委員(落合知子･俵寛司･川上直彦･下湯直樹)が平成27年度学長裁量経費に申請した｢留学生に対する博物館学の啓発と博物館学教育の質的向上の実践｣が採択された｡本稿は留学生に対する博物館学の啓発と博物館学教育の質的向上の実践に向けた事業内容(①実習機材の充実や広報媒体の製作､②博物館学特別実習･講義の開催､③中国の大学との交流と協力体制づくり､④ｶﾘｷｭﾗﾑの変更)に関する実践報告及び成果報告､今後の課題について纏めたものである｡The project of “Enlightenment of Museology for the International Exchange Students and the Practice for the Qualitative Progress of the Museological Education” applied by members of the curator course committee (Head: Tomoko OCHIAI, Naohiko KAWAKAMI, Kanji TAWARA and Naoki SHIMOYU) was adopted by the President Discretionary Expenses Project for the Fiscal Year 2015. The actual contents and aims of this project are ① to provide the tools necessary for the practical training and to make the tools useful for the public relations, ② to hold the specially organized practical training and lectures, ③ to build up the exchange and cooperative system with the Chinese universities and ④ to renew curriculums. These have been practiced for enlightenment of museology for the international exchange students and the practice for the qualitative progress of the museological education and here we sum up and report the accomplished results and future challenges of this project