Age features of the thymocite RNA response in the thymus structural and functional areas to blood circulation disorders in the pool of carotic arteries in rats

Introduction. Ischemic-reperfusion injuries of the brain are accompanied by immunological disorders, which in their turn can extend post-ischemic changes in the brain. The studies of structural and functional changes in the thymus cells caused byischemia-reperfusion of the brain can supplement the existing understanding of the mechanism of the above interaction. The aim of the study. To investigate the reaction of thymocyte RNA in the structural and functional areas of the thymus gland to blood circulation disturbances in the carotid artery pool. Results. In rats of both age groups, cerebral ischemia-reperfusion reduces the content of RNA in the thymus cells in all the structural and functional areas of the thymus except the deep cortical one in one-month rats and the sub-capsular one in three-month rats.  Conclusions. Acute circulatory disorders in the pool of the carotid arteries result in certain changes in RNA content in all the structural and functional areas of the thymus with age-related and structural features available

State of proteolytic and fibrinolytic processes in the brain of rats with experimental diabetes mellitus complicated by cerebrovascular accident in the basin of the carotid arteries

Introduction. The imbalance in the protease-antiprotease system is an integral part of the pathogenesis of acute disorder of cerebrovascular circulation and diabetes mellitus (DM), but its manifestations in the complication of diabetes by ischemia-reperfusion of the brain have not been investigated yet. The objective of the work – to study the dynamics of carotid ischemia-reperfusion effect on the proteo- and fibrinolytic activity in brain structures of rats with experimental DM. Rats with the four-month streptozotocin DM were modeled bilateral carotene ischemia during 20 minutes. In homogenates of brain structures, indicators of proteo- fibrinolytic activity were determined after 1 hour from the beginning of reperfusion and during the 12th day of the post-ischemic period. In the absence of DM, the proteolytic activity of all or individual indicators il increased in both periods of the post-ischemic period in the cortex of the frontal and occipital lobes, the fields of hippocampus CA2 and CA3, and during the 12th day in the field CA1. Results. In rats with diabetes, in all brain structures, there are no changes in the lysis of azo-albumin and azo-casein in both terms of observation and lysis of collagen progressively decreases. In rats without DM in the cortex of the studied particles, fields of the hippocampus CA1 and CA2, all or separate indices of fibrinolytic activity are increased in both periods of the post-ischemic period, in the field CA3 – all indices at the 12th day. In the presence of diabetes in the cortex of both studied lobes and the field CA1, the fibrinolytic activity decreases in the late post-ischemic period, in the fields of CA2 and CA3 – during both observation periods. Conclusion. In the brain structures under investigation at both time intervals, the DM eliminates the reaction of low and high molecular weight proteins to the ischemia-reperfusion and suppresses fibrinolytic activity

Changes in Coagulation Profile During Planned Laparoscopic Operations

Pneumoperitoneum may be a risk factor for venous thromboembolism. However, nowadays there is no reasonable algorithm for the prevention of thrombotic complications of laparoscopic interventions.The objective of the research was to assess the impact of laparoscopic surgery on coagulation parameters considering the number of other risk factors. The parameters of blood coagulation and thromboelastography in patients during laparoscopic cholecystectomy were investigated.Results. Blood coagulation capacity increased slightly during laparoscopic surgery. The patient’s age, body mass index and duration of surgery correlated with signs of hypercoagulability. Surgery duration had the strongest effect on coagulation parameters. In patients having no risk factors for thrombotic complications the indicators of thromboelastography did not exceeded the reference values. However, in patients with existing risk factors for thrombotic complications thromboelastogram showed significant deviations from the norm.Conclusions. Simple laparoscopic surgery did not significantly affect the risk for thrombotic complications. The age of patients over 40 years, body mass index over 30 kg/m2, duration of laparoscopic surgery more than 1 hour should be included to risk factors for venous thrombosis. Thromboelastography can be used for screening assessment of the risk for thrombotic complications in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery

Violation in the axis of the "microbiota of the digestive tract-brain" under conditions of ischemia-reperfusion of the brain (literature review)

The aim of the study is to analyze current views concerning interrelations between the state of intestinal microbiota and the course of ischemic-reperfusion brain injury.   Conclusion. Literary data are indicative of disputable scientific opinions existing nowadays concerning the role of dysbacteriosis (neuroprotective or neurodegenerative) in the course of ischemic brain injuries. Meanwhile, the studies are in common concerning the evidenced role of the intestinal microbiota in disturbances of T-cell homeostasis, ratio changes of their Treg-Th17 subpopulations, and migration of intestinal lymphocytes to the ischemic brain. &nbsp

Imbalance of the hemocoagulation and fibrinolysis systems under conditions of diabetes mellitus complicated by acute circulatory disturbance in the pool of carotid arteries of rats

Introduction. Both cerebral ischemia and diabetes mellitus (DM) are evidenced to be associated with hypercoagulation state, though today the facts concerning hemocoagulation condition with diabetes mellitus complicated by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion are lacking.    The aim of the study. To examine the dynamics of interrelations between the pro-, anticoagulant and fibrinolytic parameters in rats with diabetes mellitus complicated by acute cerebral circulatory disturbance.   Results. At the early ischemic-reperfusion period activation of the pro-coagulant potential (decrease of prothrombin and thrombin time and increase of fibrinogen content) is found to be balanced by a reduced activity of XIII factor and an increase activity of antithrombin III in rats without diabetes mellitus.  At the same period in rats with diabetes increase of the pro-coagulant potential is accompanied by the activation of XIII factor and a reduced activity of antithrombin III promoting clot formation. On the 12th day of the observation the parameters of the coagulation chain in the hemostasis system and antithrombin III return to the level of the control animals in rats without diabetes, but in rats with diabetes the factors of intensification of a thrombotic risk remain activated. At the early and late ischemic-reperfusion periods the parameters of blood fibrinolytic activity increase in rats without diabetes; in animals with diabetes mellitus the parameters of fibrinolytic activity remain without changes at the early period of observation (except decrease of a potential plasminogen activity), and they decrease on the 12th day of the post-ischemic period, which deteriorates conditions of thrombolysis.   Conclusions. Complication of diabetes mellitus by ischemic-reperfusion lesion of the brain results in imbalance in the hemocoagulation system at the expense of intensification of pro-coagulant mechanisms, and promotes inhibition of fibrinolytic processes with advanced changes in the dynamics of observation.   &nbsp

Symbolic Quantitative Information Flow

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Interaction between diabetes-associated disorders of the salivary glands and oral mucosa (literature review)

The aim of the study: to analyze literature sources concerning interaction between pathogenesis of lesions of the salivary glands and oral mucous membrane in patients suffering from diabetes mellitus (DM).  Conclusion. Analysis of the current literature is quite explicit on the point concerning interdependence of lesions of the salivary glands and morphofunctional changes of the oral mucosa with diabetes mellitus

Исследование рекламного рынка периодических изданий Украины

В даній статті розглянуто можливості надання періодичним виданням послуг із розміщення у них реклами як способу отримання додаткового прибутку.Modern periodic market has a lot of problems. One of them is using internet which reduce demand on the newspapers and magazines. That is why publishing house try find new way to earn a profit. The most popular way is advertising. But how actually good does it work? This article is about using advertising as a tool to take profit. This article also lists the market leaders in periodicals which has the biggest profits from advertising from. In January-March 2012 the volume of advertising in local print media nationwide increased by 2 %. As usually this is women’s glossy magazines for example Cosmopolitan, Elle, VIVA! and so on. Along with women’s glossy magazines big profits from advertising have business newspapers and magazines, such as Kommersant, Correspondent, Komsomolskaya Pravda in Ukraine. Searching the periodicals market in recent years becomes clear that a method such as raising prices for advertising or increasing its volume is still an effective tool for additional profits. But in the future for publishing such a policy is not promising. Therefore, publishers need to create online edition that will bring additional profits.В данной статье рассматриваются возможности предоставления периодическими изданиями услуг по размещению в них рекламы как способа получения дополнительной прибыли