Bazı makarnalık buğday genotiplerinde dane dolum dönemindeki kuraklık stresinde bayrak yaprak yaşlanması ile tane verimi ilişkisi

Çalışmada, bazı makarnalık buğday çeşitlerinde dane dolum dönemindeki kuraklık stresinde yaprak alan sürekliliği ile dane verimi arasındaki ilişki incelenerek, çeşitler arasında bu unsurlar yönünden herhangi bir farklılığın olup olmadığı araştırılmıştır. Çalışma, çiçeklenmesi aynı zamanda gerçekleşmiş altı adet çeşitle Antakya/Hatay koşullarında 2009/2010 ve 2010/2011 yetiştirme sezonunda yürütülmüştür. Deneme her iki yıl tesadüf bloklarında bölünmüş parseller deneme desenine göre dört tekrarlamalı kurulmuştur. Uygulamada sulama seviyeleri ana, çeşitler alt parsellerde yer almıştır. Fosforun tamamı ekimle birlikte (60 kg P2O5 ha-1) tiriple süper fosfat şeklinde toprağa uygulanmıştır. Azot ise amonyum sülfat formunda ve ekim, kardeşlenme ve sapa kalkma dönemlerinde (30+30+20 kg N ha-1) verilmiştir. Sulama uygulaması, fizyolojik oluma kadar sulama (I1: tam sulama-konrtol) ve çiçeklenmeye kadar sulama (I2: WANA: (West Asia North Africa) yağış rejimi) olarak iki farklı şekilde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda; I1 koşularında bayrak yaprak alanı (BYA), ile başak dane verimi (BDV) arasında önemli ilişki tespit edilememiştir. Benzer sonuç bayrak yaprak alan sürekliği (BYAS) ile dane verimi arasında da gözlenmiştir. I2 koşullarında BYA ile BDV arasındaki ilişki, olumlu olmuştur. Sonuç olarak yüksek BYAS’ye sahip olma, her iki sulama koşulunda da danede madde birikimine olumlu etki yapmıştır. Bu sonuçlara göre, kuraklık stresi olmayan koşullarda bitkide yaprak sayısı daha az olan dolayısıyla kısa boylu ve az kardeşlenen, su tresi olan koşullarda ise orta boylu genotip modeli önerilebilir. Ancak her iki koşulda da bitki, bayrak yaprak alanı sürekliliği yönünden yüksek değere sahip olmalıdır.This study aimed at investigating genotypic differences in the leaf area duration of durum wheat genotypes during grain filling periods and their relation to grain yield under two different irrigation conditions. The experiments were designed randomized complete block design for four replication in 2009/2010 and 2010/2011. Irrigation levels in main plots, cultivars were included in the sub plots. The study gathered data of six genotypes with similar anthesis times in Antakya/Hatay-Turkey. During the growth period, the two groups of plants received general management techniques and 60 kg ha-1 phosphorus and 80 kg ha-1 nitrogen (ammonium sulphate) fertilizer. Two different irrigation regimes were applied; the control group received full irrigation until reaching physiological maturity, while the experiment group was not irrigated after anthesis but instead received rainfall characteristic of WANA (West Asia North Africa). Results showed that flag leaf area (FLA) and lower leaf area (LLA) were not significantly related to spike grain yield (SGY) under control conditions. Flag leaf area duration (FLAD) was not related to grain yield, while the increase in lower leaf area duration (LLAD) reduced grain yield. Meanwhile, a positive relation was observed between FLA and SGY under experimental conditions, since SGY significantly increased according to the increase of FLAD. Moreover, high FLAD positively contributed to grain filling under both the conditions, while high LLAD partly contributed only under control conditions. These results suggest that the genotypes with low leaf number or short plant height and low tillering capacity should receive significant irrigation, while genotypes with middling plant height should be planted during conditions of drought stress. Under both the sets of conditions genotypes must have high FLAD

Çukurova koşullarında farklı azot dozları ve iki farklı büyüme düzenleyici (ga3 ve pix)'nin mısır bitkisinde verim ve verim unsurları üzerine etkileri

TEZ2696Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana, 1997.Kaynakça (s. 72-76) var.vii, 76 s. ; res. , hrt. ; 30 cm.

Statistical distributions for the temperature of hydrogen pore nucleation in solidifying aluminum alloys

The adequacy of the model originally developed by Charbon and Rappaz for nucleation temperatures of grains to the formation of hydrogen pores during the solidification of aluminum alloys has been investigated. By using four datasets from the literature, it has been found that the Gaussian distribution assumed in the original model for nucleation temperature has provided poor fits to all datasets with systematic error. The hypothesis that undercooling follows the lognormal distribution has been tested. In all four cases, the hypotheses that undercooling is lognormal could not be rejected

The Strategies of Businesses Against Global Crisis

Küreselleşmenin sağladığı finansal liberalizasyon ve beraberinde yabancı sermayenin artan akışkanlığı, özellikle gelişmekte olan ülkeler için makro ekonomik istikrarsızlık oluşturmakta ve hatta ileri düzeyde ise finansal kriz riskini ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Yaşanan bu krizler, ülke ekonomileriyle sınırlı kalmamakta, sirayet etkisi ile bölge ekonomilerini ve hatta dünya ekonomisini de etkilemektedir. Çalışmada küreselleşmenin gelişim süreci, etkileri ve türleri incelenmiş ve kriz olgusu üzerine yaklaşımlar değerlendirilerek kriz türleri üzerinde durulmuştur. Tarihte yaşanan küresel krizlerin kısa değerlendirmeleri yapıldıktan sonra küreselleşme sürecinde işletme yapılarının değişimi incelenmiştir. Spesifik olarak Türkiye’de, İstanbul Menkul Kıymetler Borsası’na kote olarak faaliyet gösteren uluslararası ve çokuluslu işletmeler temel alınmış ve çalışmada küresel krizlerin bu işletmeler üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir.The financial libarelization brought by globalization and along with the increasing liqudity of foreign capital has been causing macro economical unstability for developing countries and furthermore it has been causing the risk of crisis on high scales. These experienced crisis are not only restricted by national economies, but also the regional and even world economies by the effect of spreading. In this study the developing process, effects and kinds of globalization are examined and approaches on crisis, are considered and kinds of crisis have been focused on. After a short evaluation of global crisis in the history, the changing structures of organization are examined in the globalization process. Specifically, multinational organizations in İstanbul Stock Exchange are focused on and in this study, the effects of global crisis on these organizations are examined

On intrinsic and extrinsic feeding distance calculations for aluminum alloys

Feeding distances have been calculated for an Al–7%Si alloy by using first principles, i.e. Darcy’s law for flow through porous a medium. Pressure drop needed for liquid metal flow through the interdendritic network has been varied between approximately 1 atm and the intrinsic fracture pressure of liquid aluminum. Results have shown that aluminum alloys are capable of feeding themselves via either interdendritic or solid feeding when liquid metal is not weakened extrinsically

Intrinsic and Extrinsic Effects of Microstructure on Properties in Cast Al Alloys

The metallurgy of cast aluminum alloys has always been considered to be different from that of wrought alloys. Metallurgists have been taught that pores are intrinsic in cast aluminum alloys and that mechanical properties in cast aluminum alloys are controlled by dendrite arm spacing, the presence of Fe-bearing particles, and the size of Si particles in Al–Si alloys, which fracture and debond during deformation, leading to premature failure. Whether these effects are intrinsic or extrinsic, i.e., mere correlations due to the structural quality of castings, is discussed in detail. Ideal properties are discussed, based on findings presented mostly in physics literature. Pores and hot tears in aluminum castings are extrinsic. Moreover, the effect of dendrite arm spacing on elongation, precipitation, and subsequent fracture of β–Al5FeSi platelets, and finally Si particle fracture and debonding are all extrinsic. A fundamental change in how we approach the metallurgy of cast aluminum alloys is necessary

The Impact of the Minimum Ductility Requirement in Automotive Castings on the Carbon Dioxide Footprint throughout the Useful Life of an Electric Car

There is a trend in the automotive producers to require that foundries use more secondary aluminum alloy ingots to reduce the CO2 footprint of car production. The merits of this trend have been investigated in this study. Results have shown that requiring the use of more secondary ingots while simultaneously reducing the elongation requirement of aluminum alloy die castings is counterproductive, i.e., increases the CO2 footprint of the car over its useful life by not taking advantage of the weight reduction possible. It is recommended that (i) foundries improve their melt handling capabilities to reduce and minimize the entrainment damage made to the melt in the melting and casting process chain, and (ii) automobile producers reduce the weight of die castings by increasing requirements on elongation, to secure a reduced CO2-footprint in the designs, materials usage and life-cycle of cars

A Simple Model to Estimate Solidification Time–Dendrite Arm Spacing Relationships in Cast Aluminum Alloys with Two Major Alloying Additions: Application to the Al-Si-Cu System

Secondary dendrite arm coarsening model developed by Feurer and Wunderlin was used in this study. The parameters of the model were adjusted by following a simple approach to find an equivalent eutectic composition based on the alloying additions. Results showed the simple model proposed in this study provided good fits to data from literature on the 319 alloy as well as Al-Si-Cu alloys with various compositions

On the Intrinsic Fracture Pressure of Liquid and Solid Aluminum Around Its Melting Temperature

To determine the intrinsic fracture pressure of aluminum, data from studies that have used molecular dynamic simulations, the van der Waals method as well as experimental observations have been gathered and analyzed. Results indicate that aluminum has an intrinsic fracture pressure of − 4 GPa at its melting temperature in both liquid and solid states. Moreover, the Fisher equation can be used to estimate the intrinsic fracture pressure of liquid aluminum

Çukurova bölgesi güncel ekmeklik buğday (Tiriticum aestivum L.) çeşitlerinde verim oluşumuna etkili morfo-fizyolojik karakterler üzerine araştırmalar

TEZ5169Tez (Doktora) -- Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana, 2004.Kaynakça (s. 219-226) var.xxiii, 226 s. ; 30 cm.