Supplement 1. Code developed to assess the effect of spatial heterogeneity on insect fitness as implemented in Matlab 7.10.0 (r2010a).

<h2>File List</h2><p> <a href="sigmascalculation.m">sigmascalculation.m</a> (md5: 0ca0d3b2c64beb60d104500b80ee45e0)<br> <a href="sigmasmodel.m">sigmasmodel.m</a> (md5: 8175827f0420a5f59f4d586b884697ad) </p><h2>Description</h2><p> The sigmascalculation.m and sigmasmodel.m files are code developed to assess the effect of spatial heterogeneity on insect fitness as implemented in Matlab 7.10.0 r2010a. A grid of temperature data is inputted into sigmascalculation.m and the code calculates spatial heterogeneity for each point on the grid (in this case, the grid is a half degree global grid). The sigmasmodel.m file inputs tave (average temperature), xt (seasonality or sigma_t), and sigmas (spatial heterogeneity or the result from sigmascalculation.m) to calculate physiology metrics ctmax (critical thermal maximum), ctmin (critical thermal minimum), and topt (thermal optimum). </p

Appendix B. Impact of projected climate change (2100) on insects across latitude based on the relationship between physiology and seasonality.

Impact of projected climate change (2100) on insects across latitude based on the relationship between physiology and seasonality

Appendix C. Effect of spatial heterogeneity on climate warming impact projection.

Effect of spatial heterogeneity on climate warming impact projection

Appendix D. A first approximation of the relationship between diurnal temperature range and insect physiology.

A first approximation of the relationship between diurnal temperature range and insect physiology

Appendix A. Summary of data used for evaluating site-specific insect performance.

Summary of data used for evaluating site-specific insect performance

Shift_site_43

Shift data used for site-level (aggregated) analysis (n =43

Shift_species_2798

Data used for species-level (disaggregated) analysis (n = 2798

Results of Chi-square tests to determine prey preference by <i>Reishia clavigera</i> on the bivalves <i>Xenostrobus securis</i> (<i>Xs</i>), <i>Mytilopsis sallei</i> (<i>Ms</i>) and <i>Brachidontes variabilis</i> (<i>Bv</i>).

<p>Results of Chi-square tests to determine prey preference by <i>Reishia clavigera</i> on the bivalves <i>Xenostrobus securis</i> (<i>Xs</i>), <i>Mytilopsis sallei</i> (<i>Ms</i>) and <i>Brachidontes variabilis</i> (<i>Bv</i>).</p

Deterred but not preferred: Predation by native whelk <i>Reishia clavigera</i> on invasive bivalves - Table 4

<p>Results of two-way ANOVA tests to compare the survival of the bivalve species (<i>Xenostrobus securis</i>, <i>Mytilopsis sallei</i> and <i>Brachidontes variabilis</i>) exposed to A) <i>Reishia clavigera</i> at Kwun Tong and Stanley piers, and exposed to natural predators (i.e., open panels and control panels with predator excluded) in B) Kwun Tong pier and C) Stanley pier.</p

Summary of morphological features of the bivalve species <i>Xenostrobus securis</i>, <i>Mytilopsis sallei</i> and <i>Brachidontes variabilis</i> presented as average ratios of maximum shell height (H) and width (W) to length (L), adductor muscle biomass (AB) to total biomass (TB) and average of shell thickness index (STI).

<p>Values in brackets indicate the range of minimum and maximum values while a bolded <i>P</i> value indicate statistically significant difference among the three species in the corresponding parameter (by ANOVA tests).</p