An efficient heuristic for the multi-vehicle one-to-one pickup and delivery problem with split loads

In this study, we consider the Multi-vehicle One-to-one Pickup and Delivery Problem with Split Loads (MPDPSL). This problem is a generalization of the one-to-one Pickup and Delivery Problem (PDP) where each load can be served by multiple vehicles as well as multiple stops by the same vehicle. In practice, split deliveries is a viable option in many settings where the load can be physically split, such as courier services of third party logistics operators. We propose an efficient heuristic that combines the strengths of Tabu Search and Simulated Annealing for the solution of MPDPSL. Results from experiments on two problems sets in the literature indicate that the heuristic is capable of producing good quality solutions in reasonable time. The experiments also demonstrate that up to 33\% savings can be obtained by allowing split loads; however, the magnitude of savings is dependent largely on the spatial distribution of the pickup and delivery points

Reproductive Characteristics and Egg Development in Flounder (Pleuronectes flesus luscus) in the Southern Black Sea

Abstract Spawning time, total fecundity, egg size, fertilization and hatching rates, and egg development of the flounder, Pleuronectes flesus luscus, were investigated in six wild female broodstock (mean wt 394.4±226.8 g). Spawning lasted 33 days from December 29 to January 30. Mean total fecundity was 171.4±109 x 10 3 eggs per female. Newly ovulated eggs were spherical and buoyant, with a diameter of 1.075-1.213 mm (avg 1.156±0.025 mm), a colorless transparent chorion, a slightly yellowish unsegmented yolk, and a narrow perivitelline space, without an oil globule. Fertilization and hatching rates were 17.2±15.7% and 51.5±27.6%, respectively. Hatching occurred after 117 h of incubation at 9.8-11ºC. There were variations in egg size between batches, with the size tending to decrease during the spawning season (p<0.05)

Nutritional practices in medical intensive care units: Multicenter, one-day point prevalence study

Background/Aim: Nutritional planning is an important aspect of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) care. The present study aimed to evaluate the nutritional practices adopted in medical ICUs in Turkiye and to investigate their compliance with current international guidelines. Methods: This multicenter, cross-sectional study was performed on a predetermined study date. Centers were required to fill three groups of questionnaires: One on ICU characteristics and facilities, one on patients included, and one on outcomes of patients. Forms on patients had questions on demographics and their nutritional status. Results: A total of 12 sites participated and 132 patients were recorded in the study and 109 patients were included in analyses. The median age was 72 [57–83] years and 55 (50%) of them was female. The median APACHE II score was 23 [18–29], median SOFA score was 6 [4–9] and median BMI was 25.32 [21.22–29.38]. More than 50% of patients were fed enterally; for most, it was started within the first 24 hours of admission. On the study day, the median energy intake of the patients during the last 24 hours was 21.62 [15.9–27.3] kcal/kg and the median amount of protein intake was 1.02 [0.7–1.3] g/kg, representing 83.1% and 78.9% of the targets, respectively. A total of 64 (58.7%) patients were alive on the 28th day of the study, of them 23 (21.1% of all patients) were still in the ICU. Conclusion: Nutrition therapy in medical ICUs was initiated early after ICU admission, the enteral route was preferred and target calories were calculated using weight-based formulas. These results suggest that multi-dimensional planning of critical care management of patients by intensivists may provide better nutritional care for the critically ill. © 2023 Société francophone nutrition clinique et métabolisme (SFNCM

Reproductive Characteristics and Egg Development in Flounder (Pleuronectes flesus luscus) in the Southern Black Sea

Spawning time, total fecundity, egg size, fertilization and hatching rates, and egg development of the flounder, Pleuronectes flesus luscus, were investigated in six wild female broodstock (mean wt 394.4±226.8 g). Spawning lasted 33 days from December 29 to January 30. Mean total fecundity was 171.4±109 x 103 eggs per female. Newly ovulated eggs were spherical and buoyant, with a diameter of 1.075-1.213 mm (avg 1.156±0.025 mm), a colorless transparent chorion, a slightly yellowish unsegmented yolk, and a narrow perivitelline space, without an oil globule. Fertilization and hatching rates were 17.2±15.7% and 51.5±27.6%, respectively. Hatching occurred after 117 h of incubation at 9.8-11oC. There were variations in egg size between batches, with the size tending to decrease during the spawning season (p<0.05)

Reproductive Performance of Wild and Hatchery-Reared Black Sea Salmon

Spawning period, total fecundity, egg size, and fertilization and hatching rates of wild and hatch- ery-reared Black Sea salmon (Salmo trutta labrax Pallas, 1811) were investigated. Wild brood- stock consisted of 15 females (4-5 years old) with a mean weight of 1773.2±1014.4 g. Hatchery- reared broodstock consisted of 28 females (3 years old) with a mean weight of 869.5±319.6 g. The spawning period lasted from mid-November to the beginning of January. Mean total fecun- dity was 3524.6±2106.9 and 1931.3±915 eggs/female for wild and hatchery-reared broodstock, respectively, and mean egg diameters were 5.2±0.20 and 5.0±0.24 mm. Fertilization and hatch- ing rates were 98.4±1.71% and 88.1±8.78% for wild broodstock and 97.9±1.84% and 83.1±15.77% for hatchery-reared. The reproductive parameters of wild and hatchery-reared Black Sea salmon in northeastern Turkey were similar to those of other salmonid species

Sperm Characteristics of Wild European Flounder (Platichthys flesus luscus)

The spermatologic characteristics of European flounder (Platichthys flesus luscus) were determined. Flounder were collected during the spawning season and sperm of eight males was extracted by abdominal massage. Body weight and total length of the flounder were measured, volume, motility, duration of motility, spermatocrit, density, and pH of the sperm were determined, and correlations between the spermatologic characteristics and weight and length were investigated. Mean values were 0.7±0.16 ml for sperm volume, 87.5±3.66% for motility, 22.0±1.49 min for duration of motility, 94.0±1.22% for spermatocrit, 2.7±0.16 × 109/ml for density, and 6.9±0.05 for pH. Body length and sperm volume had positive correlations with body weight (p<0.01), but the correlation between length and sperm volume was negative (p<0.01). Likewise, the correlations between spermatocrit and total length, sperm volume, and density were negative (p<0.05)

Reproductive Performance of Wild and Hatchery-Reared Black Sea Turbot, Psetta maxima, in the Southern Black Sea Coast

AYDIN, ilhan/0000-0001-8333-3852WOS: 000500598300003In this study, spawning period, total fecundity, fertilization and hatching rates of wild and hatchery-reared turbot, Psetta maxima, were investigated. Fish were spawned over a 3-month period, from April to June. Wild broodstock consisted of sixteen females with a mean weight of 3742 +/- 1509 g. Hatchery-reared broodstock consisted of seventeen females with a mean weight of 3604 +/- 1398 g. Mean total fecundity was 2.4 +/- 1.71x10(6) and 2.3 +/- 1.75x10(6) eggs per female for wild and hatchery-reared broodstock, respectively. Fertilization and hatching rates were 59.2 +/- 17.07% and 67.3 +/- 30.67% for wild and 67.1 +/- 18.87% and 61.3 +/- 30.85% for hatchery-reared broodstock. the reproductive parameters of wild and hatchery reared turbot showed no significant difference, which warrants further investigation of both in provision of a sustainable fishery

A branch and cut algorithm for the multi-vehicle one-to-one pickup and delivery problem with split loads

In this work we deal with the Multi-vehicle One-to-one Pickup and Delivery Problem with Split Loads (MPDPSL). This problem is a generalization of the one-to-one Pickup and Delivery Problem (PDP) where each load can be served by multiple stops by the same vehicle. In practice split deliveries is a viable option in many settings such as courier services of third party logistics operators. We propose a branch-and-cut algorithm which employs valid inequalities devised for special cases of the MPDPSL, such as the Dial-a-Ride Problem, PDP and Split Delivery Vehicle Routing Problem. According to our computational experiments with randomly generated test instances, we may claim that the proposed algorithm can be used for small sized instances

DNA methylation variations between mono - and dizygotic twins

Monozygotic twins (MZ) who have a common genotype may show phenotypic discordance. One of the possible explanations is the existence of epigenetic changes which occur as DNA methylation alterations. DNA methylation changes were studied in 16 MZ twin pairs and 8 dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs using CRED-RA technique. The most suitable primer (5'-GATGACCGCC-3') was selected out of 20, random, decamer primers. Significant DNA methylation changes were observed in either MZ or DZ twins. Each MZ twin pair share common RAPD profile, however some of them have their own methylation profile regardless their backgrounds. Environmental conditions alone should not be accounted for phenotypic discordance between MZ twins, although external factors may influence genetic and epigenetic nature and also the phenotype. Our results might be also useful for the identification of MZ twins. To our knowledge, tins is the first study to use CRED-RA in human genetics