From the Enlightenment to the Digital Sunlight System : realistic visualization of Count Potocki’s Laurentine Villa : progress of the works

Оver the last years new technologies have opened up countless opportunities for the world of science and building virtual (digital) worlds is one of most interesting among them. Methods employed in archaeological popularization may also be successfully used in research on monuments of a more complex character. Such an object is, undoubtedly, a drawing reconstruction of the Laurentine Villa of Pliny the Younger made by at least three skilful artists in the 1870s, commissioned by Stanisław К. Potocki and produced according to his instructions.Agnieszka Uziębł

The Role of Housing in the Spatial Distribution of Unemployment in Poland

Labour market and housing problems are an important part of social studies, though spatial analysis of labour market diversification and housing resources are not the dominating subject of studies. The interaction between the place of residence and the place of work is treated in terms of commuting to work, but this aspect does not exhaust the issue. The article is an attempt to answer the question whether a relation exists between the structure of housing and its accessibility and the stable diversification of local labour markets. A necessary condition for permanent migration from a location that does not offer work to that characterised by labour demand, is the accessibility of housing offering acceptable living conditions. The decades‑lasting housing deficit and the efforts to improve the situation relying solely on market mechanisms seem to restrict housing accessibility considerably. To answer this question a model of spatial regressions was construed, based on statistical data aggregated at the district (county) level. The results indicate a considerable role of financial accessibility of housing, in terms of purchase capacity and remuneration in particular districts, in preserving the disparities among local labour markets

Rola Pomorskiej Kolei Metropolitalnej w kształtowaniu struktury przestrzenno-funkcjonalnej Gdańska

The concept of sustainable mobility, due to its complex nature, is one of the most important topics of urban studies. Although the link between transport development and spatial planning is necessary for its realization, this issue of the subject is rarely discussed in the Polish literature. The purpose of this study is to initially investigate the hitherto implemented and to identify potential changes in the urban mobility and spatial-functional structure, following the launch of the Pomeranian Metropolitan Railway (PMR). The analysis of scientific publications, cartographic materials and documents on local and regional development programming allowed the following conclusions to be drawn:(i) the location of the PMR line corresponds to the current and future demand for urban transport; (ii) the location of some railway stops far from potential traffic sources requires that the integration of railways with other means of transport should be much deeper than that to date; (iii) intensification of the development around PMR stops is planned in the future – it will increase the attractiveness of railways in comparison with individual transport.Koncepcja zrównoważonej mobilności, z uwagi na swój kompleksowy charakter, jest jednym z najważniejszych tematów studiów miejskich. Choć dla jej urzeczywistnienia niezbędne jest powiązanie rozwoju transportu z planowaniem przestrzennym, to kwestia ta w polskiej literaturze przedmiotu jest rzadko poruszana. Celem niniejszego opracowania jest wstępne zbadanie dotychczasowych i określenie potencjalnych zmian w mobilności miejskiej oraz w strukturze przestrzenno-funkcjonalnej w następstwie uruchomienia Pomorskiej Kolei Metropolitalnej (PKM). Analiza publikacji naukowych, materiałów kartograficznych oraz dokumentów z zakresu programowania rozwoju lokalnego i regionalnego pozwoliła na sformułowanie następujących wniosków: (1) przebieg linii PKM odpowiada obecnemu i przyszłemu zapotrzebowaniu na przewozy wewnątrzmiejskie; (2) położenie części przystanków w oddaleniu od potencjalnych źródeł ruchu wymaga znacznie głębszej niż dotychczasowa integracji kolei z innymi środkami transportu; (3) w przyszłości planowana jest intensyfikacja zabudowy wokół przystanków PKM, co podniesie jej atrakcyjność względem transportu indywidualnego

CO2-brine-rock interactions as a result of long term experiment onto rock samples from Chabowo anticline, Poland

The presented work concerns investigations of CO2 -brine-rock interactions conducted over a period of 20-months. Experiments were carried out at laboratory scale with the use of equipment specifically designed for this purpose. Research materials (reservoir and cap rocks) were taken from the Chabowo 3 well located within Chabowo anticline. The experiments were carried out at room temperature (about 25ºC) and pressure about 6 MPa. For samples before and after the experiment a numerous investigations were carried out i.e. petrophysical (porosity, surface area, threshold diameter, average capillary, framework and bulk densities) and petrological-mineralogical characteristics. Also brine used for examination before and after experiment was analyzed (chemical analysis). Petrophysical results have shown a significant decrease of porosity (from 17.0% to 7.5%) and surface area (from 0.395 m2 /g to 0.196 m2 /g) in case of sandstone. These changes are caused probably by crystallization of halite in pore spaces, because mineralogical analysis (XRD) has shown the presence of halite (3–5% vol. in the rock) after experiment. More detailed results were obtained during mineralogical analyses of thin sections. These results have shown in sandstone samples a small increase of porosity and a small decrease of feldspar and cements (carbonate and clay) as well as matrix which suggests dissolution of these constituents. For claystone – after experiment XRD clay fraction has shown absence of clay minerals such as montmorillonite, which may also be caused by interaction between the rock, CO2 and brine. Dissolution of some minerals is evidenced by chemical analysis of brine where amounts of most tested ions increase after experiment for both sandstone and claystone

Hinterland connectivity as a driver of the development of competitiveness of Polish ports in the post-EU accession period

Academic research has indicated that port competitiveness is multidimensional. Although a wide range of drivers of port competitiveness has already been determined, particular ports seem to use different sets of them at different development stages. This paper argues that significant growth in transhipment in Polish ports results from infrastructural development and mainly from enhanced hinterland connectivity. Before Poland had joined the EU, the hinterland connectivity was so underdeveloped that it was more convenient for many companies to use services of the German North Sea ports. However, with EU funds, road investments, travel times between the ports and hinterland have shortened by at least one-quarter. Moreover, the development of railway lines as well as the increase in the number of intermodal container terminals in the hinterland have also improved accessibility to the ports. Rail transport is especially significant for maintaining the competitiveness of ports at times of cutting-edge industry change, increasing the role of economies of scale in shipping

Urban Transformation in the Context of Rail Transport Development: The Case of a Newly Built Railway Line in Gdańsk (Poland)

Development of railway transport systems is perceived as one of the most effective ways of shaping sustainable urban transportation. However, railway transportation systems can only compete with individual means of transportation when having properly developed infrastructure, especially in terms of the train stops accessibility. The main objective of this article is to discuss mutual relations between operation of a newly built railway line and spatial changes taking place in its closest vicinity which determine the accessibility to it. The research methods included the GIS tools, direct measurements of passenger exchange, and public opinion poll among the passengers taking the new line. The research area was the city of Gdańsk, one of the largest cities in Poland, where transportation problems are cumulating as a result of the urban sprawl. The new railway was opened in order to mitigate these problems. The research results have proved this strategy was only partially successful as the course of the line and location of the stops do not provide a large number of potential passengers. That is why it was necessary to connect the line to the already existing urban transportation system, yet this solution has not resolved the problem completely. However, the urban development plan assumes introduction of large housing projects in the areas surrounding the existing train stops what will allow using the new line more efficiently in the future. Document type: Articl

Effectiveness and safety of ICA stenting in conjunction with mechanical thrombectomy (antegrade approach) in acute ischaemic stroke patients due to tandem occlusion

Aim of study. We investigated the effectiveness and safety of an antegrade approach consisting of emergency ICA stenting in conjunction with mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in a one-stage procedure as a treatment for Tandem Occlusion (TO).Clinical rationale for study. We here describe our experience in the treatment of TO with an antegrade approach with long-term results. We also discuss the advantages and drawbacks of this treatment modality with special attention to possible haemorrhagic complications that can be encountered in patients with ischaemic stroke who receive antiplatelet treatment. We believe that our study adds to the limited number of reports on this topic.Materials and methods. We selected 34 patients diagnosed with acute ischaemic stroke due to ICA and ipsilateral intracranial occlusion treated with ICA stenting in conjunction with MT. We analysed the short- and long-term results as well as investigating complications with special regard to haemorrhagic transformationassociated with the need for antiplatelet treatment after stent implantation in patients after acute ischaemic stroke treatment.Results. A favourable angiographic outcome was defined as mTICI 2b–3. This was achieved in 33/34 patients (97%). On average, NIHSS at 24 hours after the procedure was 8.5 ± 7, which indicates a significant clinical improvement. Four cases of symptomatic ICH were observed (11.8%). One re-occlusion in stent was noted. At three-month follow-up, mRS scores were 0 in 11 (34.3%), 1 in 5 (16%), 2 in 1 (3%), 3 in 3 (9.3%), 4 in 3 (9.3%), and 5 in 2 (6%) patients. Seven patients did not survive (22%). Overall, a favourable outcome (mRS 0–2) was achieved in 17/34 patients (50%). The final mortality rate was 26.5% (9/34 patients).Conclusions and clinical implications. We conclude that an antegrade approach is a feasible and effective method for treating acute TO stroke, giving the patient the chance to regain his or her full independence in everyday life, with low overall complication and final mortality rates

Definition of the Immune Parameters Related to COVID-19 Severity

A relevant portion of patients with disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (COVID-19) experience negative outcome, and several laboratory tests have been proposed to predict disease severity. Among others, dramatic changes in peripheral blood cells have been described. We developed and validated a laboratory score solely based on blood cell parameters to predict survival in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. We retrospectively analyzed 1,619 blood cell count from 226 consecutively hospitalized COVID-19 patients to select parameters for inclusion in a laboratory score predicting severity of disease and survival. The score was derived from lymphocyte- and granulocyte-associated parameters and validated on a separate cohort of 140 consecutive COVID-19 patients. Using ROC curve analysis, a best cutoff for score of 30.6 was derived, which was associated to an overall 82.0% sensitivity (95% CI: 78–84) and 82.5% specificity (95% CI: 80–84) for detecting outcome. The scoring trend effectively separated survivor and non-survivor groups, starting 2 weeks before the end of the hospitalization period. Patients’ score time points were also classified into mild, moderate, severe, and critical according to the symptomatic oxygen therapy administered. Fluctuations of the score should be recorded to highlight a favorable or unfortunate trend of the disease. The predictive score was found to reflect and anticipate the disease gravity, defined by the type of the oxygen support used, giving a proof of its clinical relevance. It offers a fast and reliable tool for supporting clinical decisions and, most important, triage in terms of not only prioritization but also allocation of limited medical resources, especially in the period when therapies are still symptomatic and many are under development. In fact, a prolonged and progressive increase of the score can suggest impaired chances of survival and/or an urgent need for intensive care unit admission