4,980 research outputs found
Synthesis of zinc oxide/silica composite nanoparticles by flame spray pyrolysis
Zinc oxide (ZnO)/silica (SiO2) composite nanoparticles were made by flame spray pyrolysis. The effects of the Zn/Si ratio on particle properties were examined and compared with those of the pure ZnO and SiO2 particles made at the same conditions. Polyhedral aggregates of nano-sized primary particles were obtained in all experiments. The mixed-oxide primary particle size was smaller than that of pure oxides. The primary particles consisted of ZnO nano-crystals and amorphous SiO2, as seen by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis using the fundamental parameter approach. The XRD size of ZnO was controlled from 1.2 to 11.3 nm by the initial precursor composition and it was consistent with HR-TEM. The composite particles exhibited an excellent thermal stability and little crystalline growth of ZnO (e.g., from 1.9 to 2.2 nm) was observed even after calcination at 600°
Baryon stopping and saturation physics in relativistic collisions
We investigate baryon transport in relativistic heavy-ion collisions at
energies reached at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron, BNL Relativistic
Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC), and CERN LHC in the model of saturation. An
analytical scaling law is derived within the color glass condensate framework
based on small-coupling QCD. Transverse momentum spectra, net-baryon rapidity
distributions and their energy, mass and centrality dependences are well
described. In a comparison with RHIC data in Au + Au collisions at sqrt (s_NN)
= 62.4 GeV and 200 GeV, the gradual approach to the gluon saturation regime is
investigated, and limits for the saturation-scale exponent are determined.
Predictions for net-baryon rapidity spectra and the mean rapidity loss in
central Pb + Pb collisions at LHC energies of sqrt (s_NN) = 5.52 TeV are made.Comment: 11 pages, 10 Figures; improved figure inscriptions, corrected typos,
minor changes in text/titl
Sensation Seeking and Gambling Behavior in Adolescence: Can Externalizing Problems Moderate This Relationship?
Gambling is a widespread phenomenon during adolescence. Among different risk factors involved in the onset of adolescent gambling behaviors, one factor that is studied is the sensation seeking personality trait. However, the literature is heterogeneous and a direct relationship between sensation seeking and gaming behaviors has not always been highlighted. This suggests that the relationship can be influenced by other factors. In particular, we explored the moderating role of externalizing problems in this relationship. A total of 363 adolescents (232 males and 131 females) aged 14 to 20 (M = 16.35, SD = 1.36) completed a battery of questionnaires aimed to assess their gambling behaviors, as well as the levels of externalizing problems and sensation seeking. The results showed that sensation seeking was associated with gambling severity, but this relationship was significant when externalizing problems were high and medium. On the contrary, when externalizing problems were low, the relationship between sensation seeking and gambling severity was not significant. Overall, sensation seeking in adolescence can favor the implementation of risk behaviors, such as gambling, but only in association with the presence of externalizing problems. Limitations, strengths, and social and clinical implications of the present study are discussed
Baryon Stopping as a new Probe of Geometric Scaling
We suggest to use net-baryon rapidity distributions in central relativistic
heavy-ion collisions at SPS, RHIC and LHC energies in order to probe saturation
physics. Within the color glass condensate framework based on small-coupling
QCD, net-baryon rapidity distributions are shown to exhibit geometric scaling.
In a comparison with RHIC data in Au + Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 62.4 GeV
and 200 GeV the gradual approach to the gluon saturation regime is
investigated. Predictions for net-baryon rapidity spectra and the mean rapidity
loss in central Pb + Pb collisions at LHC energies of sqrt (s_NN) = 5.5 TeV are
made.Comment: 4 pages 3 figures; calculation and figures now for net baryons
instead of net protons; modified conclusion
Shyness and Psychological Adjustment During Adolescence: The Moderating Role of Parenting Style
Although shyness constitutes a risk factor for maladjustment, parenting style may influence these developmental trajectories during childhood. Little is known about the role of parental style in the relationship between shyness and psychological adjustment during adolescence.Aims: To explore the relationship between shyness and parenting style and to analyse the moderating role of the quality of parenting in the relationship between shyness and internalizing difficulties during adolescence.Method: 787 11 to 19 year-old participants (divided in early and late adolescents) were recruited for this study. Participants completed Revised Cheek and Buss Shyness Scale, Parental Bonding Instrument and internalizing scale of Youth Self Report.Results: Shy adolescents perceived parents to be less warm and close, less encouraging of their autonomy and independence, and more overprotective and intrusive than did other participants. During early-adolescence participants who perceived their parents as supportive and not intrusive showed significantly fewer internalizing problems related to shynes
Antiangular Ordering of Gluon Radiation in QCD Media
We investigate angular and energy distributions of medium-induced gluon
emission off a quark-antiquark antenna in the framework of perturbative QCD as
an attempt toward understanding, from first principles, jet evolution inside
the quark-gluon plasma. In-medium color coherence between emitters, neglected
in all previous calculations, leads to a novel mechanism of soft-gluon
radiation. The structure of the corresponding spectrum, in contrast with known
medium-induced radiation, retains some properties of the vacuum case; in
particular, it exhibits a soft divergency. However, as opposed to the vacuum,
the collinear singularity is regulated by the pair opening angle, leading to a
strict angular separation between vacuum and medium-induced radiation, denoted
as antiangular ordering. We comment on the possible consequences of this new
contribution for jet observables in heavy-ion collisions.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures; v2. a number of minor improvements, figures
updated, accepted for publication in PR
Improved Nonrelativistic QCD for Heavy Quark Physics
We construct an improved version of nonrelativistic QCD for use in lattice
simulations of heavy quark physics, with the goal of reducing systematic errors
from all sources to below 10\%. We develop power counting rules to assess the
importance of the various operators in the action and compute all leading order
corrections required by relativity and finite lattice spacing. We discuss
radiative corrections to tree level coupling constants, presenting a procedure
that effectively resums the largest such corrections to all orders in
perturbation theory. Finally, we comment on the size of nonperturbative
contributions to the coupling constants.Comment: 40 pages, 2 figures (not included), in LaTe
Synthesis and Analysis of the Conformational Preferences of 5-Aminomethyloxazolidine-2,4-dione Scaffolds: First Examples of \u3b22- and \u3b22, 2-Homo-Freidinger Lactam Analogues
Constrained peptidomimetic scaffolds are of considerable interest for the design of therapeutically useful analogues of bioactive peptides. We present the single-step cyclization of (S)- or (R)-\u3b1-hydroxy-\u3b22- or \u3b1-substituted-\u3b1-hydroxy-\u3b22, 2-amino acids already incorporated within oligopeptides to 5-aminomethyl-oxazolidine-2,4-dione (Amo) rings. These scaffolds can be regarded as unprecedented \u3b22- or \u3b22, 2-homo-Freidinger lactam analogues, and can be equipped with a proteinogenic side chain at each residue. In a biomimetic environment, Amo rings act as inducers of extended, semi-bent or folded geometries, depending on the relative stereochemistry and the presence of \u3b1-substituents
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