Analisis Pengaruh Pertumbuhan Ekonomi, Upah Minimum, Pengangguran, Tingkat Pendidikan dan Pengeluaran Pemerintah Terhadap Jumlah Penduduk Miskin di Kabupaten Brebes Tahun 1996-2016

This study aims to analyze the effect of economic growth, minimum wage, unemployment, education rate, and government expenditure on the poor population in Brebes regency during the period of 1996-2016. For the variable observed are Poor population, economic growth, minimum wage, unemployment, education rate, and government expenditure. The analysis used in to research is multiple regression using Ordinary Least Square (OLS) and applied time series data. The data are collected from he Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS). The result showed that minimum wage, unemployment, and government expenditure has positive and significant effect on poor population in Brebes regency during the period 1996-2016. Meanwhile economic growth, and education rate, showed no significant effect on poor population

Decompressive craniectomy versus craniotomy for acute subdural hematoma

BACKGROUND: Traumatic acute subdural hematomas frequently warrant surgical evacuation by means of a craniotomy (bone flap replaced) or decompressive craniectomy (bone flap not replaced). Craniectomy may prevent intracranial hypertension, but whether it is associated with better outcomes is unclear. METHODS: We conducted a trial in which patients undergoing surgery for traumatic acute subdural hematoma were randomly assigned to undergo craniotomy or decompressive craniectomy. An inclusion criterion was a bone flap with an anteroposterior diameter of 11 cm or more. The primary outcome was the rating on the Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOSE) (an 8-point scale, ranging from death to “upper good recovery” [no injury-related problems]) at 12 months. Secondary outcomes included the GOSE rating at 6 months and quality of life as assessed by the EuroQol Group 5-Dimension 5-Level questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L). RESULTS: A total of 228 patients were assigned to the craniotomy group and 222 to the decompressive craniectomy group. The median diameter of the bone flap was 13 cm (interquartile range, 12 to 14) in both groups. The common odds ratio for the differences across GOSE ratings at 12 months was 0.85 (95% confidence interval, 0.60 to 1.18; P=0.32). Results were similar at 6 months. At 12 months, death had occurred in 30.2% of the patients in the craniotomy group and in 32.2% of those in the craniectomy group; a vegetative state occurred in 2.3% and 2.8%, respectively, and a lower or upper good recovery occurred in 25.6% and 19.9%. EQ-5D-5L scores were similar in the two groups at 12 months. Additional cranial surgery within 2 weeks after randomization was performed in 14.6% of the craniotomy group and in 6.9% of the craniectomy group. Wound complications occurred in 3.9% of the craniotomy group and in 12.2% of the craniectomy group. CONCLUSIONS: Among patients with traumatic acute subdural hematoma who underwent craniotomy or decompressive craniectomy, disability and quality-of-life outcomes were similar with the two approaches. Additional surgery was performed in a higher proportion of the craniotomy group, but more wound complications occurred in the craniectomy group. (Funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research; RESCUE-ASDH ISRCTN Registry number, ISRCTN87370545.

Analisis Elemen Hingga pada Pegas Daun Mobil L300 Type Standard dan Type Modifikasi Witono Hardi, Ivan Junaidy Abdul Karim2

Pegas daun merupakan sebuah komponen pada mobil yang berfungsi meningkatkan kenyamanan bagi pengendaranya. Dengan sifat pegas yang elastis, pegas berfungsi untuk menerima getaran atau goncangan roda akibat kondisi jalan yang dilalui dengan tujuan agar getaran atau roda tidak menyalur ke bodi. Pada kenyataan di lapangan, mobil Pick Up L 300 seringkali dilakukan modifikasi dengan menambahkan jumlah bilah pegas daun agar bisa mengangkut beban yang lebih besar. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan nilai optimum pegas daun pada kondisi standard maupun kondisi dilakukan modifikasi.Pemodelan dilakukan dengan ANSYS WORKBENCH dengan menggambar secara 3D dimensi pegas sesuai kondisi di lapangan. Material property dimasukkan ke dalam pemodelan kemudian tumpuan dan pembebanan diletakkan pada tempatnya. Diberikan gaya statis akibat berat kendaraan saat kosong maupun.Hasil dari analisa pemodelan adalah distribusi tegangan dan gaya reaksi. Angka keamanan dihitung berdasarkan yield point material dibagi tegangan terbesar hasil analisa. Dari pemodelan didapatkan bahwa Tegangan maksimum pada mobil kosong adalah 20.151 MPa (standard) dan 24.181 (modifikasi), pada mobil penuh adalah 41.495 MPa (standard) dan 73.156 MPa (modifikasi) Sedangkan Angka Keamanan pada mobil kosong adalah 75.18 (standard) dan 62.65(modifikasi), pada mobil penuh adalah 35.51 (standard) dan 20.18 (modifikasi

Outcomes of “Over the Top” Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Associated with a Lateral Extra-Articular Tenodesis in Children

(1) Purpose: The incidence of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) ruptures in children and adolescents has considerably increased during the last decades due to higher levels of competitive athletic activity, and early sport specialization and professionalization. Contemporary ACL reconstruction techniques have recently been subject to renewed interest in this population. The objective of this study is to report the short- and mid-term results of our physis-sparing ACL reconstruction technique using an “over the top” technique associated with a modified Lemaire procedure. (2) Methods: A retrospective series of 12 junior soccer players who presented to our clinic with a torn ACL between January 2019 and September 2021 was reviewed. The inclusion criteria were patients under 15 years with open tibial and femoral physes, with a stable contralateral knee, a minimum follow-up of 6 months, and a time frame from injury to surgery of Results: We identified 1 female and 11 male patients with ACL tears, with a mean age of 13.17 ± 0.9 months. Concomitant injuries include isolated vertical and bucket-handle tears of the medial meniscus, lateral meniscus tears, bilateral tear of both menisci. The mean follow-up time was 26 ± 12.6 months. The average IKDC, Lysholm and Tegner scores were 93.29 ± 11.04, 95.08 ± 13.2 and 9 ± 0.0 points, respectively. The average KT-1000 score of the participants was 0.96 ± 1.6 points. None of the included patients reported post-surgical complications or required additional surgeries. (4) Conclusions: Our novel ACL reconstruction with LET technique is a safe procedure that resulted in good clinical outcomes, lower failure rate and return to sports in skeletally immature patients

Structure of N' -(adamantan-2-ylidene)benzohydrazide, a potential antibacterial agent, in solution: Molecular dynamics simulations, quantum chemical calculations and Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy studies

The molecular dynamics simulations of the structure of the N' -(adamantan-2-ylidene)benzohydrazide followed by the quantum chemical calculations at the DFT level of theory have identified four stable conformers of this potential antibacterial agent in solution: one “central” cis- and three (“central”, “left” and “right”) transconformers. The UV-Vis absorption spectrum in the 220–320nm region in the ethanol solution reveals two bands that can be primarily explained based on the ab initio calculations of the spectral characteristics of the “side” transconformers at the MRPT level of theory. However, the close energy values for the calculated cis- S 1 ← S 0 and “side” trans- S 2 ← S 0 transitions cannot exclude the presence of cis-conformer in solution. Therefore, the data obtained show that the coexistence of both trans-conformers and cis-conformer should be taken into consideration when studying the pharmaceutical properties of the title molecule

Cost-effectiveness of craniotomy versus decompressive craniectomy for UK patients with traumatic acute subdural haematoma.

Peer reviewed: TrueOBJECTIVE: To estimate the cost-effectiveness of craniotomy, compared with decompressive craniectomy (DC) in UK patients undergoing evacuation of acute subdural haematoma (ASDH). DESIGN: Economic evaluation undertaken using health resource use and outcome data from the 12-month multicentre, pragmatic, parallel-group, randomised, Randomised Evaluation of Surgery with Craniectomy for Patients Undergoing Evacuation-ASDH trial. SETTING: UK secondary care. PARTICIPANTS: 248 UK patients undergoing surgery for traumatic ASDH were randomised to craniotomy (N=126) or DC (N=122). INTERVENTIONS: Surgical evacuation via craniotomy (bone flap replaced) or DC (bone flap left out with a view to replace later: cranioplasty surgery). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: In the base-case analysis, costs were estimated from a National Health Service and Personal Social Services perspective. Outcomes were assessed via the quality-adjusted life-years (QALY) derived from the EuroQoL 5-Dimension 5-Level questionnaire (cost-utility analysis) and the Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOSE) (cost-effectiveness analysis). Multiple imputation and regression analyses were conducted to estimate the mean incremental cost and effect of craniotomy compared with DC. The most cost-effective option was selected, irrespective of the level of statistical significance as is argued by economists. RESULTS: In the cost-utility analysis, the mean incremental cost of craniotomy compared with DC was estimated to be -£5520 (95% CI -£18 060 to £7020) with a mean QALY gain of 0.093 (95% CI 0.029 to 0.156). In the cost-effectiveness analysis, the mean incremental cost was estimated to be -£4536 (95% CI -£17 374 to £8301) with an OR of 1.682 (95% CI 0.995 to 2.842) for a favourable outcome on the GOSE. CONCLUSIONS: In a UK population with traumatic ASDH, craniotomy was estimated to be cost-effective compared with DC: craniotomy was estimated to have a lower mean cost, higher mean QALY gain and higher probability of a more favourable outcome on the GOSE (though not all estimated differences between the two approaches were statistically significant). ETHICS: Ethical approval for the trial was obtained from the North West-Haydock Research Ethics Committee in the UK on 17 July 2014 (14/NW/1076). TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ISRCTN87370545